Análisis de la capacidad de respuesta comunitaria para desarrollar iniciativas de promoción de la salud

Objetivo:

analizar la capacidad de respuesta comunitaria (CR) hacia la obesidad, diabetes e hipertensión (ODH) para el desarrollo de iniciativas de promoción de la salud en una comunidad de origen náhuatl en México.

Material y métodos:

estudio basado en el Modelo de Capacidad de Respuesta Comunitaria (MCRC) con abordaje cualitativo. Entrevistamos ocho informantes clave. Realizamos la asignación de valores por dimensión utilizando la escala del MCRC y el análisis de contenido para comprender los factores involucrados en la CR.

Resultados:

la etapa de CR identificada fue de “concientización vaga” (valor 3). Se reconocieron los elementos que dificultan el involucramiento de la comunidad.

Discusión:

valorar la CR es imprescindible para generar estrategias apropiadas. El MCRC resultó útil para profundizar en la ODH como fenómeno social en un contexto como el de Xoxocotla. El análisis cualitativo fue indispensable para comprender la CR y las consideraciones necesarias para generar iniciativas efectivas.

[Commitment and community participation towards health: knowledge creation from the systematization of social experiences]

OBJECTIVE

Objective. To reflect on the process of committing to participation in the implementation of a health strategic plan, using Participative Systematization of Social Experiences as a tool.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Our study was a qualitative research-intervention study, based on the Dialectical Methodological Conception approach. We designed and implemented a two-day workshop, six hours daily, using Systematization methodology with a Community Work Group (CWG). During the workshop, women systematized their experience, with compromise as axis of the process. Using Grounded Theory techniques, we applied micro-analysis to data in order to identify and strengthen categories that emerged during the systematization process. We completed open and axial coding.

RESULTS

The CWG identified that commitment and participation itself is influenced by group dynamics and structural determinants. They also reconsidered the way they understood and exercised commitment and participation, and generated knowledge, empowering them to improve their future practice.

CONCLUSIONS

Commitment and participation were determined by group dynamics and structural factors such as socioeconomic conditions and gender roles. These determinants must be visible and understood in order to generate proposals that are aimed at strengthening the participation and organization of groups.

Design and challenges of a randomized controlled trial for reducing risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Mexican women through water intake

OBJECTIVE

To describe the design, methods, and challenges encountered during a randomized clinical trial aimed to promote water intake for reducing risks of metabolic syndrome in Mexican women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In a randomized clinical trial in Cuernavaca, Mexico, overweight and obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 < 39) women, 18 - < 45 years old with an intake of sugar-sweetened beverages ≥ 250 kilocalories per day (kcal/day) were randomly allocated to the water and education provision group (n = 120) or the education provision only group (n = 120).

RESULTS

We screened 1 756 women. The main difficulties encountered were identifying participants with the recruitment criteria, delivering water to participants, and the time demanded from the study participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The trial's main challenges were difficulties surrounding recruitment, delivery of the intervention, and the time demanded from the study participants. Modifications were effectively implemented without jeopardizing the original protocol.