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Contreras MG, Keys K, Magaña J, Goddard PC, Risse-Adams O, Zeiger AM, Mak AC, Samedy-Bates LA, Neophytou AM, Lee E, Thakur N, Elhawary JR, Hu D, Huntsman S, Eng C, Hu T, Burchard EG, White MJ. Native American Ancestry and Air Pollution Interact to Impact Bronchodilator Response in Puerto Rican Children with Asthma. Ethn Dis 2021; 31:77-88. [PMID: 33519158 PMCID: PMC7843041 DOI: 10.18865/ed.31.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. Short-acting bronchodilator medications are the most commonly prescribed asthma treatment worldwide, regardless of disease severity. Puerto Rican children display the highest asthma morbidity and mortality of any US population. Alarmingly, Puerto Rican children with asthma display poor bronchodilator drug response (BDR). Reduced BDR may explain, in part, the increased asthma morbidity and mortality observed in Puerto Rican children with asthma. Gene-environment interactions may explain a portion of the heritability of BDR. We aimed to identify gene-environment interactions associated with BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma. Setting Genetic, environmental, and psycho-social data from the Genes-environments and Admixture in Latino Americans (GALA II) case-control study. Participants Our discovery dataset consisted of 658 Puerto Rican children with asthma; our replication dataset consisted of 514 Mexican American children with asthma. Main Outcome Measures We assessed the association of pairwise interaction models with BDR using ViSEN (Visualization of Statistical Epistasis Networks). Results We identified a non-linear interaction between Native American genetic ancestry and air pollution significantly associated with BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma. This interaction was robust to adjustment for age and sex but was not significantly associated with BDR in our replication population. Conclusions Decreased Native American ancestry coupled with increased air pollution exposure was associated with increased BDR in Puerto Rican children with asthma. Our study acknowledges BDR's phenotypic complexity, and emphasizes the importance of integrating social, environmental, and biological data to further our understanding of complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María G. Contreras
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- SF BUILD, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA
- MARC, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kevin Keys
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joaquin Magaña
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Pagé C. Goddard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Oona Risse-Adams
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Lowell Science Research Program, Lowell High School, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andrew M. Zeiger
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Angel C.Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lesly-Anne Samedy-Bates
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andreas M. Neophytou
- Environmental Health Sciences Division, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Eunice Lee
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Cary NC
| | - Neeta Thakur
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ting Hu
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA
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Goddard PC, Keys KL, Mak ACY, Lee EY, Liu AK, Samedy-Bates LA, Risse-Adams O, Contreras MG, Elhawary JR, Hu D, Huntsman S, Oh SS, Salazar S, Eng C, Himes BE, White MJ, Burchard EG. Integrative genomic analysis in African American children with asthma finds three novel loci associated with lung function. Genet Epidemiol 2020; 45:190-208. [PMID: 32989782 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bronchodilator (BD) drugs are commonly prescribed for treatment and management of obstructive lung function present with diseases such as asthma. Administration of BD medication can partially or fully restore lung function as measured by pulmonary function tests. The genetics of baseline lung function measures taken before BD medication have been extensively studied, and the genetics of the BD response itself have received some attention. However, few studies have focused on the genetics of post-BD lung function. To address this gap, we analyzed lung function phenotypes in 1103 subjects from the Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environment, a pediatric asthma case-control cohort, using an integrative genomic analysis approach that combined genotype, locus-specific genetic ancestry, and functional annotation information. We integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) results with an admixture mapping scan of three pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1 ], forced vital capacity [FVC], and FEV1 /FVC) taken before and after albuterol BD administration on the same subjects, yielding six traits. We identified 18 GWAS loci, and five additional loci from admixture mapping, spanning several known and novel lung function candidate genes. Most loci identified via admixture mapping exhibited wide variation in minor allele frequency across genotyped global populations. Functional fine-mapping revealed an enrichment of epigenetic annotations from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fetal lung tissue, and lung fibroblasts. Our results point to three novel potential genetic drivers of pre- and post-BD lung function: ADAMTS1, RAD54B, and EGLN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pagé C Goddard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kevin L Keys
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Angel C Y Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eunice Y Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy K Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lesly-Anne Samedy-Bates
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oona Risse-Adams
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - María G Contreras
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer R Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sam S Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sandra Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marquitta J White
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Keys KL, Mak ACY, White MJ, Eckalbar WL, Dahl AW, Mefford J, Mikhaylova AV, Contreras MG, Elhawary JR, Eng C, Hu D, Huntsman S, Oh SS, Salazar S, Lenoir MA, Ye JC, Thornton TA, Zaitlen N, Burchard EG, Gignoux CR. On the cross-population generalizability of gene expression prediction models. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008927. [PMID: 32797036 PMCID: PMC7449671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic control of gene expression is a core component of human physiology. For the past several years, transcriptome-wide association studies have leveraged large datasets of linked genotype and RNA sequencing information to create a powerful gene-based test of association that has been used in dozens of studies. While numerous discoveries have been made, the populations in the training data are overwhelmingly of European descent, and little is known about the generalizability of these models to other populations. Here, we test for cross-population generalizability of gene expression prediction models using a dataset of African American individuals with RNA-Seq data in whole blood. We find that the default models trained in large datasets such as GTEx and DGN fare poorly in African Americans, with a notable reduction in prediction accuracy when compared to European Americans. We replicate these limitations in cross-population generalizability using the five populations in the GEUVADIS dataset. Via realistic simulations of both populations and gene expression, we show that accurate cross-population generalizability of transcriptome prediction only arises when eQTL architecture is substantially shared across populations. In contrast, models with non-identical eQTLs showed patterns similar to real-world data. Therefore, generating RNA-Seq data in diverse populations is a critical step towards multi-ethnic utility of gene expression prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Keys
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Angel C. Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Marquitta J. White
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Walter L. Eckalbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew W. Dahl
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joel Mefford
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Anna V. Mikhaylova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - María G. Contreras
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jennifer R. Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sam S. Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sandra Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jimmie C. Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Noah Zaitlen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
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White MJ, Risse-Adams O, Goddard P, Contreras MG, Adams J, Hu D, Eng C, Oh SS, Davis A, Meade K, Brigino-Buenaventura E, LeNoir MA, Bibbins-Domingo K, Pino-Yanes M, Burchard EG. Novel genetic risk factors for asthma in African American children: Precision Medicine and the SAGE II Study. Immunogenetics 2016; 68:391-400. [PMID: 27142222 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-016-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, an inflammatory disorder of the airways, is the most common chronic disease of children worldwide. There are significant racial/ethnic disparities in asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality among US children. This trend is mirrored in obesity, which may share genetic and environmental risk factors with asthma. The majority of asthma biomedical research has been performed in populations of European decent. We sought to identify genetic risk factors for asthma in African American children. We also assessed the generalizability of genetic variants associated with asthma in European and Asian populations to African American children. Our study population consisted of 1227 (812 asthma cases, 415 controls) African American children with genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. Logistic regression was used to identify associations between SNP genotype and asthma status. We identified a novel variant in the PTCHD3 gene that is significantly associated with asthma (rs660498, p = 2.2 × 10(-7)) independent of obesity status. Approximately 5 % of previously reported asthma genetic associations identified in European populations replicated in African Americans. Our identification of novel variants associated with asthma in African American children, coupled with our inability to replicate the majority of findings reported in European Americans, underscores the necessity for including diverse populations in biomedical studies of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marquitta J White
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA.
| | - O Risse-Adams
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
- Lowell Science Research Program, Lowell High School, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P Goddard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - M G Contreras
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
- SF BUILD, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Adams
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - D Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - C Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - S S Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - A Davis
- Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - K Meade
- Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - E Brigino-Buenaventura
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Kaiser Permanente Vallejo Medical Center, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | | | - K Bibbins-Domingo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
| | - M Pino-Yanes
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 2911, San Francisco, CA, 94143-2911, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Men develop perioperative ulnar neuropathies more frequently than women. To determine the role of anatomical gender differences in the development of these neuropathies, we performed several studies of the anatomy of the ulnar nerve, cubital tunnel, and elbow region. These studies included detailed dissection of male and female embalmed and unembalmed cadavers, ultrasound measurements of the tissue layers at the elbow, and measurement of various dimensions of the coronoid process of the ulna in multiple skeletal sets. No gross anatomical differences were found between genders regarding the course of the ulnar nerve through the upper limb. However, there was a strikingly larger (2-19 times greater) fat content on the medial aspect of the elbow in women compared to men, and the tubercle of the coronoid process was approximately 1.5 times larger in men (P < or = .002, rank sum test). Our finding suggest that the tubercle of the coronoid process is a likely area for external compression-induced ischemia of the ulnar nerve because the nerve and its arterial supply (the posterior ulnar recurrent artery) are covered at the tubercle only by skin, subcutaneous fat, and a very thin aponeurosis of the flexor carpi ulnaris. Importantly, this tubercle is larger and the nerve and blood vessels passing by it are less protected by subcutaneous fat in men than in women. These two anatomical differences between men and women may contribute to the increased frequency of perioperative ulnar neuropathy induced by external pressure at the medial aspect of the elbow in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Contreras
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Warner ME, Contreras MG, Warner MA, Schroeder DR, Munn SR, Maxson PM. Diabetes mellitus and difficult laryngoscopy in renal and pancreatic transplant patients. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:516-9. [PMID: 9495404 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199803000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Limited mobility of the cervical spine or temperomandibular joint may contribute to increased difficulty of laryngoscopy in patients who have severe diabetes mellitus. The frequency of difficult laryngoscopy in diabetics undergoing renal and/or pancreatic transplants has been reported to be as high as 32%. We retrospectively reviewed the anesthetic records of all adult patients who underwent renal and/or pancreatic transplant and endotracheal intubation from January 1, 1985 to October 31, 1995. Characteristics specifically reviewed included the presence of diabetes mellitus, type of organ donor, age, gender, body mass index, previous difficult laryngoscopy, known characteristics potentially related to difficult laryngoscopy, and degree of difficulty with laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopy was graded as easy, minimally to moderately difficult, and moderately to extremely difficult to perform. Factors associated with any degree of difficult intubation were univariately assessed by using Fisher's exact test. Of 725 patients, 15 (2.1%) were identified as having difficult laryngoscopies, although all underwent successful endotracheal intubations. Factors associated with difficult laryngoscopy were diabetes mellitus (P = 0.002) and characteristics known to be related to difficult laryngoscopy (P = 0.02). These findings confirm an increase in the frequency of difficult laryngoscopy in diabetic patients undergoing renal and/or pancreatic transplant, although no laryngoscopies were rated as moderately to extremely difficult. We conclude that the frequency of difficult laryngoscopy in these diabetic patients is much lower than previous reports have suggested. IMPLICATIONS Previous studies have suggested that airway management of many diabetic patients may be difficult. Our medical record review of patients with severe diabetes undergoing organ transplants showed that extraordinary techniques were not required to successfully manage their airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Warner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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