1
|
Levenhagen MA, Fujimura PT, Santos FDAA, Vecchi L, Alves-Balvedi RP, Madurro AGB, Madurro JM, Costa-Cruz JM, Goulart LR. Innovative approaches to improve serodiagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Braz J Infect Dis 2021; 25:101545. [PMID: 33636109 PMCID: PMC9392097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is a helminthiasis of neglected condition that has no gold standard parasitological diagnosis due to the intermittent release of larvae in feces. This study aimed to use an scFv (single chain variable fragment) obtained by Phage Display, previously validated to detect immune complexes in serum samples from individuals infected with Strongyloides stercoralis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Now the ability of scFv to detect the immune complexes was verified by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry using magnetic beads and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). As ELISA, the SPR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry demonstrated the ability of scFv to detect immune complexes in sera from individuals with strongyloidiasis and discriminate them from sera of individuals with other parasitic diseases and healthy individuals. Besides de conventional ELISA, the novel approaches can also be promptly applied as auxiliary diagnostic tools to the existing parasitological method for accurate diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Arantes Levenhagen
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Parasitoses, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Tiemi Fujimura
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Almeida Araújo Santos
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Lara Vecchi
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira Alves-Balvedi
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Laboratório de Filmes Poliméricos e Nanotecnologia, Instituto de Química, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Graci Brito Madurro
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Laboratório de Filmes Poliméricos e Nanotecnologia, Instituto de Química, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Madurro
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Laboratório de Filmes Poliméricos e Nanotecnologia, Instituto de Química, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Costa-Cruz
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Parasitoses, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cabral ERM, Moraes D, Levenhagen MA, de Matos RAF, Costa-Cruz JM, Rodrigues RM. In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of Carica papaya seed hexane extract against Strongyloides venezuelensis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e59. [PMID: 31778389 PMCID: PMC6880996 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by the helminth Strongyloides stercoralis whose treatment is particularly difficult in immunosuppressed patients due to their low responsiveness to conventional therapy. Carica papaya and its isolated compounds benzyl isothiocyanate, carpaine and carpasemine are promising compound for the treatment of Strongyloides infections due to their anthelmintic action. This study aims to examine the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of C. papaya seed hexane extract against Strongyloides venezuelensis, using egg hatching tests and larval motility tests as efficiency markers. The crude extract at the concentrations of 566 - 0.0566 mg/mL or the control with albendazole (0.025 mg/mL) and negative controls (water and PBS) were incubated with an equal volume of egg suspension (± 50 specimens) followed by counting of the specimens after 48 h. The same extract and dilutions were added to L3 larvae suspensions (±50 specimens) followed by analysis of larvae viability after 24, 48, and 72 h. The extract inhibited egg hatching with high efficiency at concentrations of 56.6 mg/mL (95.74%) and 5.66 mg/mL (92.16%). At the concentrations of 566 mg/mL (100%) and 56.66 mg/mL (97.32%), the extract inhibited larval motility as effectively as ivermectin (0.316 mg/mL; 100%), and more effectively than the other dilutions and the negative controls. The larvicidal effect depended on the extract concentration, but not on the treatment period. Therefore, C. papaya seed hexane extract has anthelmintic potential against S. venezuelensis and is a promising compound for the development of phytotherapies to treat strongyloidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ramos Martins Cabral
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, Unidade Acadêmica
Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Jataí, Goiás,
Brazil
| | - Dayane Moraes
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, Unidade Acadêmica
Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Jataí, Goiás,
Brazil
| | - Marcelo Arantes Levenhagen
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências
Biomédicas, Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Uberlândia,
Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Maria Costa-Cruz
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências
Biomédicas, Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Uberlândia,
Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Maria Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, Unidade Acadêmica
Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Jataí, Goiás,
Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moraes D, Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM, Costa APD, Rodrigues RM. In vitro efficacy of latex and purified papain from Carica papaya against Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e7. [PMID: 28380118 PMCID: PMC5441158 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Latex from Carica papaya is rich in bioactive compounds, especially papain, which may help to control parasitic diseases. This study evaluated the efficacy of latex from C. papaya and purified papain against Strongyloides venezuelensis. The Egg Hatching Test (EHT) and the Larval Motility Test (LMT) using fresh and frozen latex (250mg/mL), lyophilized latex (34mg/mL), and purified papain (2.8 mg/mL) were performed. Albendazole (0.025 mg/mL) and ivermectin (316 ppm) were used as positive controls. EHT and LMT were carried out through the incubation of each solution with S. venezuelensis eggs or larvae (± 100 specimens), and results were analyzed after 48h (EHT) or 24, 48, and 72h (LMT). EHT showed that latex preparations at higher concentrations (1:10 to 1:100) resulted in partial or complete destruction of eggs and larvae inside the eggs. The result from the 1:1,000 dilution was similar to the positive control. LMT showed effectiveness in all the tested dilutions compared to negative controls. Purified papain showed a dose-dependent response in the EHT. Purified papain (2.8 mg/ mL) showed similar results to lyophilized latex at 1:1,000 in the EHT. Latex and purified papain from C. papaya were effective against S. venezuelensis eggs and larvae in vitro, suggesting their potential use as an alternative treatment for strongyloidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Moraes
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Arantes Levenhagen
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Costa-Cruz
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Levenhagen MA, Santos FDAA, Fujimura PT, Carneiro AP, Costa-Cruz JM, Goulart LR. Corrigendum: Structural and functional characterization of a novel scFv anti-HSP60 of Strongyloides sp. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12181. [PMID: 26244635 PMCID: PMC4525777 DOI: 10.1038/srep12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
5
|
da Silva H, de Carvalho CJV, Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM. The detergent fraction is effective in the detection of IgG anti-Strongyloides stercoralis in serum samples from immunocompromised individuals. Parasitol Int 2014; 63:790-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
Fonseca BB, Beletti ME, Melo RT, Mendonça EP, Vieira CU, Levenhagen MA, Rossi DA. Transfer, viability and colonisation of Campylobacter jejuni in the chicken vitellus and in embryos. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:279-86. [PMID: 21732872 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.577056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of Campylobacter jejuni to penetrate and colonise eggs from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) and heavy breeder hens, and to determine its effects on the viability of SPF embryos. 2. We detected C. jejuni in 10% of breeder hens and 20% of SPF eggs, which demonstrates the ability of the bacteria to go through the pores of eggs and contaminate the vitellus after 3 h of contact. These results indicate that there is a risk of contamination under commercial production conditions, where, after oviposition, there is contact between the egg and organic material such as faeces and blood. 3. We observed that in 80% of SPF eggs analysed, C. jejuni survived the 21-d incubation period. This positive result suggests that this microorganism was also responsible for early embryonic mortality. 4. The ability of C. jejuni to penetrate the eggs in this study suggests that serious problems may occur under natural field conditions, which may cause significant problems for producers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B B Fonseca
- Applied Animal Biotechnology Laboratory at the School of Veterinary Science, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-MG, Av. Pará 1720, Uberlândia-MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|