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Sisdelli L, Cordioli MIV, Vaisman F, Monte O, Longui CA, Cury AN, Freitas MO, Rangel-Pozzo A, Mai S, Cerutti JM. A Multifocal Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) Harboring the AGK-BRAF and RET/PTC3 Fusion in a Mutually Exclusive Pattern Reveals Distinct Levels of Genomic Instability and Nuclear Organization. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10020125. [PMID: 33562578 PMCID: PMC7914679 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Genetic alterations, such as RET/PTC and AGK-BRAF fusions, are frequent events in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, their role as prognostic markers in pediatric PTC is still under investigation. In this study, we present a patient harboring three tumor foci with distinct genetic alterations (AGK-BRAF, RET/PTC3 and an absence of canonical alterations) that were investigated for DNA structure and telomere-related genomic instability. These preliminary results highlight that AGK-BRAF fusion likely affects nuclear architecture, which might explain a more aggressive disease outcome observed in pediatric PTC cases with AGK-BRAF fusion. Abstract The spectrum and incidence of gene fusions in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can differ significantly depending on the age of onset, histological subtype or radiation exposure history. In sporadic pediatric PTC, RET/PTC1-3 and AGK-BRAF fusions are common genetic alterations. The role of RET/PTC as a prognostic marker in pediatric PTC is still under investigation. We recently showed that AGK-BRAF fusion is prevalent in young patients (mean 10 years) and associated with specific and aggressive pathological features such as multifocality and lung metastasis. In this pilot study, we report a unique patient harboring three different foci: the first was positive for AGK-BRAF fusion, the second was positive for just RET/PTC3 fusion and the third was negative for both rearrangements. To investigate whether AGK-BRAF and RET/PTC3 are associated with genomic instability and chromatin modifications, we performed quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) of telomere repeats followed by 3D imaging analysis and 3D super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy (3D-SIM) to analyze the DNA structure from the foci. We demonstrated in this preliminary study that AGK-BRAF is likely associated with higher levels of telomere-related genomic instability and chromatin remodeling in comparison with RET/PTC3 foci. Our results suggest a progressive disruption in chromatin structure in AGK-BRAF-positive cells, which might explain a more aggressive disease outcome in patients harboring this rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Sisdelli
- The Genetic Basis of Thyroid Tumors Lab, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.)
- Cell Biology, Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Isabel V. Cordioli
- The Genetic Basis of Thyroid Tumors Lab, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.)
| | | | - Osmar Monte
- Department of Pediatrics, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo 01221-010, Brazil; (O.M.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Carlos A. Longui
- Department of Pediatrics, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo 01221-010, Brazil; (O.M.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Adriano N. Cury
- Department of Medicine, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo 01221-010, Brazil;
| | - Monique O. Freitas
- Medical Genetics Service of the Martagão Gesteira Childcare and Pediatrics Institute (IPPMG), Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil;
| | - Aline Rangel-Pozzo
- Cell Biology, Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Sabine Mai
- Cell Biology, Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Janete M. Cerutti
- The Genetic Basis of Thyroid Tumors Lab, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-5576-4979
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Rangel-Pozzo A, Sisdelli L, Cordioli MIV, Vaisman F, Caria P, Mai S, Cerutti JM. Genetic Landscape of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Nuclear Architecture: An Overview Comparing Pediatric and Adult Populations. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3146. [PMID: 33120984 PMCID: PMC7693829 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a rare malignancy in the pediatric population that is highly associated with disease aggressiveness and advanced disease stages when compared to adult population. The biological and molecular features underlying pediatric and adult thyroid cancer pathogenesis could be responsible for differences in the clinical presentation and prognosis. Despite this, the clinical assessment and treatments used in pediatric thyroid cancer are the same as those implemented for adults and specific personalized target treatments are not used in clinical practice. In this review, we focus on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which represents 80-90% of all differentiated thyroid carcinomas. PTC has a high rate of gene fusions and mutations, which can influence the histologic subtypes in both children and adults. This review also highlights telomere-related genomic instability and changes in nuclear organization as novel biomarkers for thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Rangel-Pozzo
- Cell Biology, Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Luiza Sisdelli
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/EPM, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Maria Isabel V. Cordioli
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/EPM, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Fernanda Vaisman
- Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil;
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sabine Mai
- Cell Biology, Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Janete M. Cerutti
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/EPM, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.I.V.C.); (J.M.C.)
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