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Angilletta I, Ferrante R, Giansante R, Lombardi L, Babore A, Dell’Elice A, Alessandrelli E, Notarangelo S, Ranaudo M, Palmarini C, De Laurenzi V, Stuppia L, Rossi C. Spinal Muscular Atrophy: An Evolving Scenario through New Perspectives in Diagnosis and Advances in Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14873. [PMID: 37834320 PMCID: PMC10573646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) linked to 5q is a recessive motor neuron disease characterized by progressive and diffuse weakness and muscular atrophy. SMA is the most common neurodegenerative disease in childhood with an incidence of approximately 1 in 6000-10,000 live births, being long considered a leading cause of hereditary mortality in infancy, worldwide. The classification of SMA is based on the natural history of the disease, with a wide clinical spectrum of onset and severity. We are currently in a new therapeutic era, that, thanks to the widespread use of the newly approved disease-modifying therapies and the possibility of an early administration, should lead to a deep change in the clinical scenario and, thus, in the history of SMA. With the aim to achieve a new view of SMA, in this review we consider different aspects of this neuromuscular disease: the historical perspective, the clinical features, the diagnostic process, the psychological outcome, innovation in treatments and therapies, the possibility of an early identification of affected infants in the pre-symptomatic phase through newborn screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Angilletta
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Ferrante
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Roberta Giansante
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucia Lombardi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Anastasia Dell’Elice
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Elisa Alessandrelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Stefania Notarangelo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Marianna Ranaudo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Claudia Palmarini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.A.); (R.F.); (R.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.); (E.A.); (S.N.); (M.R.); (C.P.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Anaclerio F, Ferrante R, Mandatori D, Antonucci I, Capanna M, Damiani V, Tomo PD, Ferrante R, Ranaudo M, De Laurenzi V, Stuppia L, De Fabritiis S. Different Strategies for the Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in the Laboratory Practice. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091428. [PMID: 34573410 PMCID: PMC8467753 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A considerable effort has been devoted in all countries to react to the COVID-19 pandemic by tracing infected individuals, containing the spread of the disease, identifying therapies, and producing and distributing vaccines. Currently, a significant concern is the appearance of variants of the virus that may frustrate these efforts by showing increased transmissibility, increased disease severity, reduced response to therapy or vaccines, and ability to escape diagnosis. All countries have therefore devoted a massive attempt to the identification and tracking of these variants, which requires a vast technological effort to sequence a large number of viral genomes. In this paper, we report our experience as one of the Italian laboratories involved in SARS-CoV-2 variant tracing. We summarize the different approaches used, and outline a potential model combining several techniques to increase tracing ability while at the same time minimizing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Anaclerio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
| | - Rossella Ferrante
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
| | - Domitilla Mandatori
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Psicological Health and Territory Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Capanna
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
| | - Verena Damiani
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrante
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
| | - Marianna Ranaudo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Psicological Health and Territory Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone De Fabritiis
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (R.F.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (V.D.); (P.D.T.); (R.F.); (M.R.); (V.D.L.); (L.S.); (S.D.F.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G.d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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