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Boutrin MC, Mishra A, Wang C, Dou Y, Fletcher HM. The involvement of CdhR in Porphyromonas gingivalis during nitric oxide stress. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:289-308. [PMID: 37134265 PMCID: PMC11018363 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, the causative agent of adult periodontitis, must gain resistance to frequent oxidative and nitric oxide (NO) stress attacks from immune cells in the periodontal pocket to survive. Previously, we found that, in the wild-type and under NO stress, the expression of PG1237 (CdhR), the gene encoding for a putative LuxR transcriptional regulator previously called community development and hemin regulator (CdhR), was upregulated 7.7-fold, and its adjacent gene PG1236 11.9-fold. Isogenic mutants P. gingivalis FLL457 (ΔCdhR::ermF), FLL458 (ΔPG1236::ermF), and FLL459 (ΔPG1236-CdhR::ermF) were made by allelic exchange mutagenesis to determine the involvement of these genes in P. gingivalis W83 NO stress resistance. The mutants were black pigmented and β hemolytic and their gingipain activities varied with strains. FLL457 and FLL459 mutants were more sensitive to NO compared to the wild type, and complementation restored NO sensitivity to that of the wild type. DNA microarray analysis of FLL457 showed that approximately 2% of the genes were upregulated and over 1% of the genes downregulated under NO stress conditions compared to the wild type. Transcriptome analysis of FLL458 and FLL459 under NO stress showed differences in their modulation patterns. Some similarities were also noticed between all mutants. The PG1236-CdhR gene cluster revealed increased expression under NO stress and may be part of the same transcriptional unit. Recombinant CdhR showed binding activity to the predicted promoter regions of PG1459 and PG0495. Taken together, the data indicate that CdhR may play a role in NO stress resistance and be involved in a regulatory network in P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claire Boutrin
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Oakwood University, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Arunima Mishra
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Charles Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Yuetan Dou
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Hansel M. Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Lewis FB, Boutrin MC, Dalrymple L, McNeill LH. The Influence of Black Identity on Wellbeing and Health Behaviors. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 5:671-681. [PMID: 28733773 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Black identity on wellbeing and health behaviors. METHODS Data from the third year (wave) of a longitudinal cohort study (N = 1316) from a large, majority Black, Protestant church of 16,000 members located in Houston, Texas, were used to conduct secondary data analyses. Univariate analyses were used to obtain participants' sociodemographic and health characteristics. ANCOVA and linear regression analyses and Bonferroni adjustments were used to examine the influence of the centrality, public and private regard aspects of Black identity as measured by the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity subscales on wellbeing (CES-D scores and self-reported general health) and health behaviors (diet and physical activity levels). RESULTS Associations were noted between fruit consumption and centrality (F (95,1216) = 2.27) p = .046); soda consumption and private regard (F (5,1214) = 3.04; p = .010); public regard (F (2,1186) = 4.70; p = .009) and physical activity levels; self-reported general health status and private (F (4,1219) = 4.78; p = .001) and public regard (F (4,1211) = 8.53; p < .001). Psychological wellbeing was negatively associated with regard (private (B = -0.030; p < .001) and public regard (B = -0.060; p < .001)). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that racial identity remain an important factor to consider in addressing health disparities. Racial identity influences mental health, general health, diet and the physical activity levels. Utilizing identity congruent health promotion interventions may positively impact mental, exercise levels, self-reported general health and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Holden MS, Black J, Lewis A, Boutrin MC, Walemba E, Sabir TS, Boskovic DS, Wilson A, Fletcher HM, Perry CC. Antibacterial Activity of Partially Oxidized Ag/Au Nanoparticles against the Oral Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis W83. J Nanomater 2016; 2016:9605906. [PMID: 30245705 PMCID: PMC6146971 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9605906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology provide opportunities for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. While physicochemical properties of Ag containing nanoparticles (NPs) are known to influence the magnitude of their toxicity, it is thought that nanosilver can be made less toxic to eukaryotes by passivation of the NPs with a benign metal. Moreover, the addition of other noble metals to silver nanoparticles, in the alloy formulation, is known to alter the silver dissolution behavior. Thus, we synthesized glutathione capped Ag/Au alloy bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) via the galvanic replacement reaction between maltose coated Ag NPs and chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) in 5% aqueous triblock F127 copolymer solution. We then compared the antibacterial activity of the Ag/Au NPs to pure Ag NPs on Porphyromonas gingivalis W83, a key pathogen in the development of periodontal disease. Only partially oxidized glutathione capped Ag and Ag/Au (Au:Ag≈0.2) NPs inhibited the planktonic growth of P. gingivalis W83. This effect was enhanced in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which simulates the oxidative stress environment in the periodontal pocket during chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S. Holden
- Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of
Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jason Black
- Northern Caribbean University, Manchester, Jamaica
| | | | - Marie-Claire Boutrin
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Loma Linda
University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Elvin Walemba
- Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda
University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Theodore S. Sabir
- College of Arts and Sciences, Faulkner University,
Montgomery, AL 36109, USA
| | - Danilo S. Boskovic
- Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of
Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda
University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Aruni Wilson
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Loma Linda
University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hansel M. Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Loma Linda
University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Christopher C. Perry
- Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of
Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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McKenzie RME, Henry LG, Boutrin MC, Ximinies A, Fletcher HM. Role of the Porphyromonas gingivalis iron-binding protein PG1777 in oxidative stress resistance. Microbiology (Reading) 2015; 162:256-267. [PMID: 26581883 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing of the response of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 to hydrogen peroxide revealed an upregulation of several uncharacterized, novel genes. Under conditions of prolonged oxidative stress in P. gingivalis, increased expression of a unique transcriptional unit carrying the grpE, dnaJ and three other hypothetical genes (PG1777, PG1778 and PG1779) was observed. The transcriptional start site of this operon appears to be located 91 bp upstream of the translational start, with a potential -10 region at -3 nt and a -35 region at -39 nt. Isogenic P. gingivalis mutants FLL273 (PG1777 : : ermF-ermAM) and FLL293 (PG1779 : : ermF-ermAM) showed increased sensitivity to and decreased survival after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. P. gingivalis FLL273 showed a fivefold increase in the formation of spontaneous mutants when compared with the parent strain after exposure to hydrogen peroxide. The recombinant PG1777 protein displayed iron-binding properties when incubated with FeSO4 and Fe(NH4)2(SO4).6H2O. The rPG1777 protein protected DNA from degradation when exposed to hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron. Taken together, the data suggest that the grpE-dnaJ-PG1777-PG1778-PG1779 transcriptional unit may play an important role in oxidative stress resistance in P. gingivalis via its ability to protect against DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle M E McKenzie
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Leroy G Henry
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Boutrin
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Alexia Ximinies
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hansel M Fletcher
- Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND While the oral cavity harbors more than 680 bacterial species, the interaction and association of selected bacterial species play a role in periodontal diseases. Bacterial species including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, a consortium previously designated as the "red complex" is now being expanded to include other new emerging pathogens that are significantly associated with periodontal disease. HIGHLIGHT In addition to novel mechanisms for oxidative resistance of individual species, community dynamics may lead to an overall strategy for survival in the inflammatory environment of the periodontal pocket. Complex systems controlled by response regulators protect against oxidative and nitrosative stress. CONCLUSION The combination of these multifaceted strategies would provide a comprehensive defense and support system against the repetitive host immune response to promote microbial persistence and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leroy G Henry
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Marie-Claire Boutrin
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Wilson Aruni
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Antonette Robles
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Alexia Ximinies
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Hansel M Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350
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