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Shevtsov MA, Parr MA, Ryzhov VA, Zemtsova EG, Arbenin AY, Ponomareva AN, Smirnov VM, Multhoff G. Zero-valent Fe confined mesoporous silica nanocarriers (Fe(0) @ MCM-41) for targeting experimental orthotopic glioma in rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29247. [PMID: 27386761 PMCID: PMC4937429 DOI: 10.1038/srep29247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) impregnated with zero-valent Fe (Fe(0) @ MCM-41) represent an attractive nanocarrier system for drug delivery into tumor cells. The major goal of this work was to assess whether MSNs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier in a glioblastoma rat model. Synthesized MSNs nanomaterials were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, measurements of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy. For the detection of the MSNs by MR and for biodistribution studies MSNs were labeled with zero-valent Fe. Subsequent magnetometry and nonlinear-longitudinal-response-M2 (NLR-M2) measurements confirmed the MR negative contrast enhancement properties of the nanoparticles. After incubation of different tumor (C6 glioma, U87 glioma, K562 erythroleukemia, HeLa cervix carcinoma) and normal cells such as fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) MSNs rapidly get internalized into the cytosol. Intracellular residing MSNs result in an enhanced cytotoxicity as Fe(0) @ MCM-41 promote the reactive oxygen species production. MRI and histological studies indicated an accumulation of intravenously injected Fe(0) @ MCM-41 MSNs in orthotopic C6 glioma model. Biodistribution studies with measurements of second harmonic of magnetization demonstrated an increased and dose-dependent retention of MSNs in tumor tissues. Taken together, this study demonstrates that MSNs can enter the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in tumorous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Shevtsov
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaniger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany.,Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, 194064 Tikhoretsky ave., 4, Russia
| | - M A Parr
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - V A Ryzhov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - E G Zemtsova
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - A Yu Arbenin
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - A N Ponomareva
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - V M Smirnov
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - G Multhoff
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaniger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Ryzhov VA, Yakovleva LY, Marchenko YY, Parr MA, Rolich VI, Mikhrina AL, Dobrodumov AV, Pitkin E, Multhoff G. Ionizing radiation improves glioma-specific targeting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with cmHsp70.1 monoclonal antibodies (SPION-cmHsp70.1). Nanoscale 2015; 7:20652-20664. [PMID: 26599206 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06521f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stress-inducible 72 kDa heat shock protein Hsp70 is known to be expressed on the membrane of highly aggressive tumor cells including high-grade gliomas, but not on the corresponding normal cells. Membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70) is rapidly internalized into tumor cells and thus targeting of mHsp70 might provide a promising strategy for theranostics. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are contrast negative agents that are used for the detection of tumors with MRI. Herein, we conjugated the Hsp70-specific antibody (cmHsp70.1) which is known to recognize mHsp70 to superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles to assess tumor-specific targeting before and after ionizing irradiation. In vitro experiments demonstrated the selectivity of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates to free and mHsp70 in different tumor cell types (C6 glioblastoma, K562 leukemia, HeLa cervix carcinoma) in a dose-dependent manner. High-resolution MRI (11 T) on T(2)-weighted images showed the retention of the conjugates in the C6 glioma model. Accumulation of SPION-cmHsp70.1 nanoparticles in the glioma resulted in a nearly 2-fold drop of T*(2) values in comparison to non-conjugated SPIONs. Biodistribution analysis using NLR-M(2) measurements showed a 7-fold increase in the tumor-to-background (normal brain) uptake ratio of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates in glioma-bearing rats in comparison to SPIONs. This accumulation within Hsp70-positive glioma was further enhanced after a single dose (10 Gy) of ionizing radiation. Elevated accumulation of the magnetic conjugates in the tumor due to radiosensitization proves the combination of radiotherapy and application of Hsp70-targeted agents in brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave., 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Yakovleva LY, Parr MA, Marchenko YY, Eliseev I, Yudenko A, Dobrodumov AV, Zlobina O, Zhakhov A, Ischenko AM, Pitkin E, Multhoff G. 70-kDa heat shock protein coated magnetic nanocarriers as a nanovaccine for induction of anti-tumor immune response in experimental glioma. J Control Release 2015; 220:329-340. [PMID: 26522072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanovaccines based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) provide a novel approach to induce the humoral and cell-based immune system to fight cancer. Herein, we increased the immunostimulatory capacity of SPIONs by coating them with recombinant heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) which is known to chaperone antigenic peptides. After binding, Hsp70-SPIONs deliver immunogenic peptides from tumor lysates to dendritiс cells (DCs) and thus stimulate a tumor-specific, CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response. We could show that binding activity of Hsp70-SPIONs to the substrate-binding domain (SBD) is highly dependent on the ATPase activity of its nucleotide-binding domain NBD), as shown by (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Immunization of C6 glioma-bearing rats with DCs pulsed with Hsp70-SPIONs and tumor lysates resulted in a delayed tumor progression (as measured by MRI) and an increased overall survival. In parallel an increased IFNγ secretion were detected in the serum of these animals and immunohistological analysis of subsequent cryosections of the glioma revealed an enhanced infiltration of memory CD45RO+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Taken together the study demonstrates that magnetic nanocarriers such as SPIONs coated with Hsp70 can be applied as a platform for boosting anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; I.P. Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Lev Tolstoy str. 6/8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia; A.L. Polenov Russian Research Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Mayakovsky str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia; Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaniger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Boris P Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Liudmila Y Yakovleva
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina A Parr
- V.F. Fock Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya str. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Y Marchenko
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor Eliseev
- Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Hlopina str. 8, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Yudenko
- Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Hlopina str. 8, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anatolii V Dobrodumov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Bolshoi pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Zlobina
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Zhakhov
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander M Ischenko
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, Pudozhskaya str. 12, 191014 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Emil Pitkin
- The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, 3730 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaniger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Yakovleva LY, Dobrodumov AV, Zhakhov AV, Mikhrina AL, Pitkin E, Parr MA, Rolich VI, Simbircev AS, Ischenko AM. Recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist conjugated to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for theranostic targeting of experimental glioblastoma. Neoplasia 2015; 17:32-42. [PMID: 25622897 PMCID: PMC4309733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral edema commonly accompanies brain tumors and contributes to neurologic symptoms. The role of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist conjugated to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION-IL-1Ra) was assessed to analyze its anti-edemal effect and its possible application as a negative contrast enhancing agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Rats with intracranial C6 glioma were intravenously administered at various concentrations of IL-1Ra or SPION-IL-1Ra. Brain peritumoral edema following treatment with receptor antagonist was assessed with high-field MRI. IL-1Ra administered at later stages of tumor progression significantly reduced peritumoral edema (as measured by MRI) and prolonged two-fold the life span of comorbid animals in a dose-dependent manner in comparison to control and corticosteroid-treated animals (P < .001). Synthesized SPION-IL-1Ra conjugates had the properties of negative contrast agent with high coefficients of relaxation efficiency. In vitro studies of SPION-IL-1Ra nanoparticles demonstrated high intracellular incorporation and absence of toxic influence on C6 cells and lymphocyte viability and proliferation. Retention of the nanoparticles in the tumor resulted in enhanced hypotensive T2-weighted images of glioma, proving the application of the conjugates as negative magnetic resonance contrast agents. Moreover, nanoparticles reduced the peritumoral edema confirming the therapeutic potency of synthesized conjugates. SPION-IL-1Ra nanoparticles have an anti-edemal effect when administered through a clinically relevant route in animals with glioma. The SPION-IL-1Ra could be a candidate for theranostic approach in neuro-oncology both for diagnosis of brain tumors and management of peritumoral edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia; A.L. Polenov Russian Research Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Boris P Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Anatolii V Dobrodumov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Anastasiy L Mikhrina
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Emil Pitkin
- Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marina A Parr
- V.F. Fock Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valerii I Rolich
- V.F. Fock Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei S Simbircev
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Ringrose PS, Parr MA, McLaren M. Effects of anti-inflammatory and other compounds on the release of lysosomal enzymes from macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 1975; 24:607-14. [PMID: 164870 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(75)90181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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