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Dahl OE, Pripp AH, Jaradeh M, Fareed J. The Bone Cement Hypercoagulation Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Mortality, and Prevention. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2023; 29:10760296231198036. [PMID: 37792504 PMCID: PMC10552457 DOI: 10.1177/10760296231198036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Charnley introduced acrylic cement to seal metallic hip prostheses in the 1950s, reports of perioperative fatal cardiorespiratory and vascular dysfunctions have been published. Studies on humans and animals have shown neurogenic stimulation and substantial local and systemic activation of coagulation are caused by surgical bone marrow damage and chemical cell destruction by toxic monomeric methyl methacrylate from the implanted cement and other tissue-released substances. Venous blood-borne cell fragments and conjugates of activated cells from the surgical site are sequestered and trapped in the pulmonary microcirculation. A substantial hypercoagulation occurs in the lung circulation. Hypercoagulable blood is passed over to the arterial side and may cause vessel obliteration and organ damage. This process may affect the brain, heart, and kidneys and, through the release of vasoactive substances, introduce hemodynamic imbalances that can lead to fatal outcomes in susceptible populations such as elderly patients with hip fractures. The main underlying pathophysiologic processes leading to these occasionally devastating outcomes are a substantial activation of coagulation and cell destruction caused by the toxic substance released by curing bone cement and several vasoactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola E. Dahl
- Centre of Medical Science, Education, and Innovation, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Thrombosis Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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Mehrotra S, Hoppensteadt D, Jeske W, Siddiqui F, Iqbal O, Tafur A, Lewis B, Jaradeh M, Kantarcioglu B, Fareed J. Differential Neutralization of Apixaban, Betrixaban, Edoxaban, and Rivaroxaban by Andexanet Alfa as Measured by Whole Blood Thromboelastographic Analysis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221138297. [PMID: 36476125 PMCID: PMC9742582 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221138297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The available oral anti-Xa agents are routinely used for the management of thrombotic disorders. A molecularly modified recombinant coagulation FXa, also known as Andexanet Alfa (AA), that has been developed as an antidote to neutralize the bleeding effects of oral FXa inhibitors, such as Apixaban and Rivaroxaban. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study utilized thromboelastography (TEG 5000 Hemostasis System), to investigate the neutralizing effects of AA at different concentrations of oral FXa inhibitors measuring such parameters as R-Time, K-Time, Angle, and Max Amplitude (MA). Apixaban, Betrixaban, Edoxaban, and Rivaroxaban were obtained commercially in powdered form. Each of these drugs was supplemented with freshly drawn whole citrated blood at a concentration of 1 μg/mL. And subsequently mixed with AA at 50 or 100 μg/mL. RESULTS At a concentration of 1 μg/mL, all FXa inhibitors produced variable anticoagulant effects in the order of Edoxaban > Betrixaban > Rivaroxaban > Apixaban. AA at 100 μg/mL produced a complete neutralization of these inhibitors whereas at 50 μg/mL relatively weaker neutralization as measured by various parameters. CONCLUSION These results suggest that regardless of the variable anticoagulant effects exhibited by the FXa Inhibitors, AA at FC = 100 μg/mL fully neutralized these agents as measured by the TEG parameters. AA was shown to be more effective in neutralizing Betrixaban and least effective in Apixaban. The neutralization of various FXa inhibitors was dose and donor-dependent warranting dosage adjustment for optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Mehrotra
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Walter Jeske
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Fakiha Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA,Program in Health Sciences, UCAM - Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Omer Iqbal
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Northshore Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University Health Systems, Skokie, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Bruce Lewis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Bulent Kantarcioglu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA,Jawed Fareed, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Loyola University Health System, 2160 S First Avenue Bldg 115, Rm 432 Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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Jaradeh M, Vigneswaran WT, Raad W, Lubawski J, Freeman R, Abdelsattar ZM. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Chemoradiation Therapy Followed by Sleeve Resection for Resectable Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 114:2041-2047. [PMID: 35351422 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is followed by resection in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The risks and benefits of this approach are not well defined in patients requiring a sleeve lung resection. In this context, we compare the short- and long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone vs chemoradiation therapy followed by sleeve lung resection. METHODS We used the National Cancer Database to identify locally advanced NSCLC patients who received chemotherapy-alone or chemoradiation therapy in the neoadjuvant setting, followed by a sleeve lung resection, between 2006 and 2017. Our outcomes of interest were 30-day mortality, 90-day mortality, and overall survival. To minimize confounding by indication, we used propensity score adjustment, logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards models to identify associations. RESULTS Of 176 patients undergoing sleeve lung resection, 92 (52.3%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy-alone, and 84 (47.7%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Patients in both groups were well balanced in age, sex, race, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index, insurance status, median income, and education (all P > .05). Similarly, the groups were well balanced in histology, tumor location, and stage (all P > .05). Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy had higher 90-day mortality (11.96% vs 2.38%, P = .015), and there was no difference in overall survival between the neoadjuvant chemotherapy-alone vs chemoradiation therapy cohorts (P = .621). CONCLUSIONS In this national study of patients with locally advanced resectable NSCLC requiring a sleeve lung resection, neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy was associated with a 5-fold increase in 90-day mortality without an overall survival benefit over neoadjuvant chemotherapy-alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jaradeh
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Wickii T Vigneswaran
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Wissam Raad
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - James Lubawski
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Richard Freeman
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Zaid M Abdelsattar
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.
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Tedesco J, Jaradeh M, Vigneswaran WT. Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Current Understanding of the Immune Microenvironment and Treatments of a Rare Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184415. [PMID: 36139575 PMCID: PMC9496741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare disease with an annual incidence of around 3000 cases a year in the United States. Most cases are caused by asbestos exposure, with a latency period of up to 40 years but overall survival of approximately only 6–12 months after the time of diagnosis. Often, the treatment is multimodal and consists of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. While the survival benefit of treatment is impactful, overall prolongation remains marginal. Nevertheless, the advent of new treatment approaches involving the interactions of targeted immune therapies and the tumor microenvironment appear to offer some promise. Furthering our understanding of these complex interactions in conjunction with the host immune system will likely prove to be pivotal in advancing current treatment options for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Abstract Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare disease with an annual incidence of around 3000 cases a year in the United States. Most cases are caused by asbestos exposure, with a latency period of up to 40 years. Pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive disease process with overall survival of roughly 6–12 months after the time of diagnosis. It is divided into three subtypes: epithelioid, mixed type, and sarcomatoid type, with the epithelioid subtype having the best overall survival. Often, the treatment is multimodality with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The survival benefit is improved but remains marginal. New treatment options involving targeted immune therapies appear to offer some promise. The tumor microenvironment is the ecosystem within the tumor that interacts and influences the host immune system. Understanding this complex interaction and how the host immune system is involved in the progression of the disease process is important to define and guide potential treatment options for this devastating and rare disease.
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Baig N, Kouta A, Jaradeh M, Hoppensteadt D, Jeske W, Fareed J. Comparative Studies on the Interaction of Heparins from Various Origins with Heparin Cofactor II and Antithrombin. FASEB J 2022. [PMID: 35559558 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.l8122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unfractionated heparins (UFH) of mucosal origin are currently obtained from bovine, ovine, and porcine sources. In the USP potency assays, bovine mucosal heparin (BMH) exhibit much lower activities (140 U/mg) in comparison to porcine mucosal heparin (PMH; 195 U/mg) and ovine mucosal heparin (OMH; 200 U/mg). Besides molecular and structural differences, these heparins have differential interactions with serpins such as antithrombin (AT) and heparin cofactor II (HCII). The purpose of this study is to compare the inhibitory profiles of various heparins in systems enriched with AT and HCII. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) of BMH, OMH, and PMH were obtained from Kin Master (Brazil), Ronssi (China), and Medefil (USA). Bovine (B.LMWH), ovine (O.LMWH), and porcine (P.LMWH) derived low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH, enoxaparin) were obtained from Ronssi (China). Purified human AT, HCII, and thrombin (IIa) were obtained from Enzyme Research (USA). All heparins (UFH's and LMWH's) were supplemented to AT and HCII enriched buffer systems at various gravimetric and potency equated concentrations. The relative inhibition of IIa was measured in terms of percent inhibition using an amidolytic method employing IIa specific substrates. Percent inhibition was calculated for each concentration in both systems for each of the three heparins. Inhibitory concentrations required to inhibit 50% of thrombin (IC-50) was calculated for each UFH and LMWH in terms of µg/mL and U/mL. RESULTS In the AT supplemented system using gravimetric concentrations of various UFH's, PMH and OMH showed comparable values, whereas BMH exhibited much higher IC-50's. However, the LMWH's of various origins showed comparable IC-50 values. In this same system, the USP potency adjusted heparins exhibited comparable results for all UFH's (Figure 1). In the HCII supplemented system, UFH's of various origins exhibited similar IC-50 values in both gravimetric and USP potency adjusted studies. Similarly, the LMWH's when compared in gravimetric amounts demonstrated similar IC-50 values (Figure 2). The relative IC-50 values of the LMWH's in both the AT and HCII enriched systems were higher than the UFH's. CONCLUSION These results show that potency adjusted UFH's exhibit comparable inhibition of IIa in AT and HCII enriched systems. The differing BMH results observed in these two systems at gravimetric concentrations may partly be due to differences in charge density and AT-binding consensus sequences. The depolymerized enoxaparin of different origins did not reveal any significant differences in the IC-50 values. This may be due to the chemical modifications that occur during the manufacturing of these agents. Future studies may be warranted to further investigate these cofactors and their impacts on the function of various heparins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausheen Baig
- Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Ahmed Kouta
- Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | | | - Walter Jeske
- Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL
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6
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Jaradeh M, Baig N, Kouta A, Duff R, Cera L, Jeske W, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J. Quantitative TFPI Antigen Release and Functionality After Intravenous Administration of Heparins Sourced From Various Species in Non‐human Primates. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.l7833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Kouta
- Loyola University Medical CenterBrookfieldIL
| | | | - Lee Cera
- Loyola University Medical CenterBrookfieldIL
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7
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Jaradeh M, Vigneswaran WT. Epidemiology of lung cancer and the gender differences in risk. J Mens Health 2022. [DOI: 10.31083/j.jomh1803073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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8
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Nakahama H, Jaradeh M, Abdelsattar ZM, Lubawski J, Vigneswaran WT. The impact of marginal lung function on outcomes in the era of minimally invasive thoracic surgery. J Thorac Dis 2022; 13:6800-6809. [PMID: 35070364 PMCID: PMC8743406 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The effect of marginal lung function on outcomes after lung resection has traditionally been studied in the context of open thoracic surgery. Its impact on postoperative outcomes in the era of minimally invasive lung resection is unclear. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included adult patients who underwent minimally invasive lung resection at our institution between January 2017 and May 2020 for known malignancy or lung nodule. Marginal lung function was defined as pre-operative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and/or diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide <60% of predicted. Our outcomes included a composite outcome of pulmonary morbidity and/or 30- and 90-day mortality, and hospital length of stay. We used multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models to identify associations with outcomes, and Kaplan-Meier and Cox models to estimate survival. Results Of 300 patients, 88 (29%) had marginal lung function. Patients in the marginal group were more likely to be female (69% vs. 56%; P=0.028), and more likely to have: hypertension (HTN) (83% vs. 71%; P=0.028), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (38% vs. 12%; P<0.001), interstitial lung disease (ILD) (9% vs. 3%; P<0.019), and ischemic heart disease (28% vs. 18%; P=0.033). Patients were similar in terms of age (68±8 vs. 68±10 years; P=0.932), and other comorbidities. Anatomic lung resection comprised 56.8% of the marginal group vs. 74% in the non-marginal group (P=0.003). The most common complication was prolonged air leak (18.2% vs. 11.8%; P=0.479). Marginal lung function had a trend toward increased composite respiratory complications (22.7% vs. 15.1%; P=0.112) and 90-day mortality (5.7% vs. 4.2%; P=0.591), although they did not reach statistical significance. There was a statistically significant 1-day average increase in length of stay in the marginal lung function cohort (4.6 vs. 3.4 days; P<0.015) with a stronger association with diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide than FEV1. Survival was similar (marginal function HR =1.0; P=0.994). Conclusions In the era of minimally invasive thoracic surgery, lung resection in patients with marginal lung function may be considered in select patients. These findings aid in the selection consideration and counseling of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nakahama
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Zaid M Abdelsattar
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - James Lubawski
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Wickii T Vigneswaran
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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Sabljic N, Pantic N, Virijevic M, Bukumiric Z, Novakovic T, Pravdic Z, Rajic J, Vidovic A, Suvajdzic N, Jaradeh M, Fareed J, Antic D, Mitrovic M. Application of Rotational Thromboelastometry in Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221119809. [PMID: 35942712 PMCID: PMC9373117 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221119809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hemorrhagic early death (HED) remains a major cause of treatment failure
among patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We aimed to
investigate the prognostic potential of rotational thromboelastometry
(ROTEM) for bleeding in patients with APL. Materials and Methods 31 newly-diagnosed APL patients (median age of 40 years; 14 female/17 male)
that underwent treatment at the Clinic of Hematology UCCS from 2016-2020
with all-trans retinoic acid and anthracyclines were recruited. CBCs
(complete blood count), conventional coagulation tests (CCTs), and ROTEM
parameters obtained before treatment initiation were evaluated. Results All patients demonstrated at least one ROTEM parameter out of the reference
range. ROTEM parameters associated with significant hemorrhage were EXTEM
clotting time (CT) (P = 0.041) and INTEM amplitude 10 (A10) (P = 0.039),
however, only EXTEM CT (P = 0.036) was associated with HED. Among CBCs and
CCTs, only platelets were associated with significant bleeding (P = 0.015),
while D-dimer was associated with both bleeding and HED (P = 0.001 and
P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion Our results indicate that ROTEM parameters may reveal hypocoagulability in
APL patients and have the potential to improve current hemorrhage prognostic
methods. Additionally, these results suggest the combination of ROTEM and
CCTs might be useful in identifying patients at risk for HED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikica Sabljic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Pantic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Virijevic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Bukumiric
- Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute for medical statistics and informatics, 54801University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Tina Novakovic
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zlatko Pravdic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Rajic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Vidovic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Suvajdzic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
| | - Darko Antic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Mitrovic
- Clinic of Hematology, 63740University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Doan T, Lievano F, Scarazzini L, Liebelt K, Jaradeh M, Kantarcioglu B, Fareed J, Jones WK. Development and Implementation of an Online Global Pharmacovigilance Certificate Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221115112. [PMID: 35848566 PMCID: PMC9297450 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221115112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacovigilance plays a lifesaving role in the practice of medicine. In 2021, during the Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Loyola University Chicago launched a graduate-level Pharmacovigilance Certificate Program (PV-CERT) and a pre-professional non-graduate Pharmacovigilance Certificate Course (EPEC-PV), to provide students a comprehensive and contemporary understanding of the principles and practices of pharmacovigilance. Formal training in pharmacovigilance through this course provided a structured understanding of how safety data are generated through clinical trials and from real-world evidence as well as the regulatory environment in which data are monitored and interpreted. Pharmacovigilance training is of critical importance, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, during which several drugs were re-purposed for the management of various stages of COVID-19 without conventional safety data. Moreover, the safety of currently-used vaccines is of concern in some populations. Although anticoagulants and antithrombotic medications are crucial in the management of COVID-19, a clear pharmacovigilance program on their use in this indication is not established. As the century progresses, new diseases and infectious agents will require novel therapies for which the evaluation of benefits versus risks will be as essential as it has been for the current COVID-19 pandemic. As such, the Loyola course and accompanying programs on pharmacovigilance will play a key role in educating the next generation of professionals in pursuing careers in the development of therapies that ultimately improve patient outcomes while maintaining rigorous safety standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Doan
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fabio Lievano
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Kate Liebelt
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Bulent Kantarcioglu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology, 25815Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - W Keith Jones
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, 25815Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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Jaradeh M, Baig N, Bontekoe E, Mitrovic M, Antic D, Hoppensteadt D, Kantarcioglu B, Fareed J. The Relationship Between Thrombo-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Cellular Indices of Inflammation in Lymphoma Patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211050358. [PMID: 34713728 PMCID: PMC8558596 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. We aimed to characterize the interrelationship of thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers and blood cellular indices in lymphoma patients. Materials and Methods Ninety-eight lymphoma patient samples were collected from Lymphoma Center of Clinic of Hematology, University of Belgrade, Serbia. Normal controls (n = 50) represented plasma from healthy individuals. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), D-Dimer, factor XIII, C-reactive protein (CRP), microparticles (Mp), Von Willebrand factor (vWF), total protein S, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), and fibronectin levels were measured utilizing commercially-available ELISA methods. Thrombin generation profile (TGA) was measured using a fluorometric kinetic assay. Platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils were measured in conjunction with the complete blood profile. Results Statistically significant differences were noted in levels of PAI-1, D-Dimer, factor XIII, CRP, microparticles, vWF, uPA, TNFα, β2GPI, fibronectin, and TGA when compared to normal (all P values < .001). Platelet to leukocyte ratio (PLA) correlated to TNFα and fibronectin (R = −0.31 and −0.53, respectively) and the platelet to neutrophil ratio (PNR) correlated to factor XIII and β2GPI (R = 0.40 and 0.40, respectively). Conclusion Plasma samples from lymphoma patients demonstrated a significantly altered thrombo-inflammatory biomarker profile that has notable correlations to blood cellular indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jaradeh
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Nausheen Baig
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Darko Antic
- 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Jawed Fareed
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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Shimkunas R, Hegyi B, Jian Z, Shaw JA, Kazemi-Lari MA, Mitra D, Leach JK, Li X, Jaradeh M, Balardi N, Chen YJ, Escobar AL, Baker AJ, Bossuyt J, Banyasz T, Chiamvimonvat N, Lam KS, Bers DM, Izu LT, Chen-Izu Y. Mechanical Load Regulates Excitation-Ca 2+ Signaling-Contraction in Cardiomyocyte. Circ Res 2021; 128:772-774. [PMID: 33601939 PMCID: PMC7979518 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Shimkunas
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bence Hegyi
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhong Jian
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John A. Shaw
- Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Debika Mitra
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xiaocen Li
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Yi-Je Chen
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | | - Julie Bossuyt
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tamas Banyasz
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Physiology, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Kit S. Lam
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Leighton T. Izu
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ye Chen-Izu
- Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Jaradeh M, Curran B, Poulikidis K, Rodrigues A, Jeske W, Abdelsattar ZM, Lubawski J, Walenga J, Vigneswaran WT. Inflammatory cytokines in robot-assisted thoracic surgery versus video-assisted thoracic surgery. J Thorac Dis 2021; 14:2000-2010. [PMID: 35813755 PMCID: PMC9264093 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Cytokines play a crucial role in the inflammatory response and are essential modulators of injury repair mechanisms. While minimally invasive operations have been shown to induce lower levels of cytokines compared to open thoracotomy, the inflammatory cytokine profile difference between video-assisted (VATS) and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) techniques has yet to be elucidated. Methods In this prospective observational study of 45 patients undergoing RATS (n=30) or VATS (n=15) lung resection for malignancy, plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemo-attractant protein (MCP)-1, and endothelial growth factor (EGF) were measured before and after surgery via immunoassay. Results Levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were significantly higher in patients undergoing VATS than in patients undergoing RATS (P<0.001 and P=0.005, respectively) 2 hours following surgery. MCP-1 levels were also found to be significantly higher in the VATS group (P<0.001) 24 hours following surgery. IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EGF levels were not significantly different at any time-point comparing VATS to RATS. Conclusions The VATS approach is associated with a more robust pro-inflammatory cytokine response through the upregulation of MCP-1 and IL-6 when compared to the RATS approach in patients undergoing anatomic lung resection. Further studies are necessary to validate the clinical significance of this finding.
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Shimkunas R, Jian Z, Coulibaly ZA, Shaw JA, Hegyi B, Jaradeh M, Balardi N, Banyasz T, Chiamvimonvat N, Lam KS, Izu LT, Chen-Izu Y. Mechanical Load on Cardiomyocyte Activates Mechano-Chemo-Transduction to Autoregulate Ca2+ Signaling and Contractility. Biophys J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Jian Z, Hegyi B, Jaradeh M, Coulibaly ZA, Chen YJ, Lam KS, Izu LT, Chen-Izu Y. Mechanical Load Effects on Cardiac Action Potential and Arrhythmogenic Ca2+Activitiesrevealed by a Novel Patch-Clamp-In-Gel Technology. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Reddy GR, West TM, Jian Z, Jaradeh M, Shi Q, Wang Y, Chen-Izu Y, Xiang YK. Illuminating cell signaling with genetically encoded FRET biosensors in adult mouse cardiomyocytes. J Gen Physiol 2018; 150:1567-1582. [PMID: 30242036 PMCID: PMC6219686 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FRET-based biosensors are powerful tools to study intracellular signaling that require long culture times for adenoviral infection. Reddy et al. have developed a method for culturing adult mouse cardiomyocytes involving blebbistatin, which preserves cell morphology for up to 50 h after adenoviral infection. FRET-based biosensor experiments in adult cardiomyocytes are a powerful way of dissecting the spatiotemporal dynamics of the complicated signaling networks that regulate cardiac health and disease. However, although much information has been gleaned from FRET studies on cardiomyocytes from larger species, experiments on adult cardiomyocytes from mice have been difficult at best. Thus the large variety of genetic mouse models cannot be easily used for this type of study. Here we develop cell culture conditions for adult mouse cardiomyocytes that permit robust expression of adenoviral FRET biosensors and reproducible FRET experimentation. We find that addition of 6.25 µM blebbistatin or 20 µM (S)-nitro-blebbistatin to a minimal essential medium containing 10 mM HEPES and 0.2% BSA maintains morphology of cardiomyocytes from physiological, pathological, and transgenic mouse models for up to 50 h after adenoviral infection. This provides a 10–15-h time window to perform reproducible FRET readings using a variety of CFP/YFP sensors between 30 and 50 h postinfection. The culture is applicable to cardiomyocytes isolated from transgenic mouse models as well as models with cardiac diseases. Therefore, this study helps scientists to disentangle complicated signaling networks important in health and disease of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toni M West
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Zhong Jian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Mark Jaradeh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Qian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Ye Chen-Izu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA.,Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA .,Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA
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