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Kurfiřt M, Hamala V, Beránek J, Červenková Šťastná L, Červený J, Dračínský M, Bernášková J, Spiwok V, Bosáková Z, Bojarová P, Karban J. Synthesis and unexpected binding of monofluorinated N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and LacdiNAc to wheat germ agglutinin. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107395. [PMID: 38705105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Fluorination of carbohydrate ligands of lectins is a useful approach to examine their binding profile, improve their metabolic stability and lipophilicity, and convert them into 19F NMR-active probes. However, monofluorination of monovalent carbohydrate ligands often leads to a decreased or completely lost affinity. By chemical glycosylation, we synthesized the full series of methyl β-glycosides of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAcβ(1-4)GlcNAcβ1-OMe) and LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ(1-4)GlcNAcβ1-OMe) systematically monofluorinated at all hydroxyl positions. A competitive enzyme-linked lectin assay revealed that the fluorination at the 6'-position of chitobioside resulted in an unprecedented increase in affinity to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) by one order of magnitude. For the first time, we have characterized the binding profile of a previously underexplored WGA ligand LacdiNAc. Surprisingly, 4'-fluoro-LacdiNAc bound WGA even stronger than unmodified LacdiNAc. These observations were interpreted using molecular dynamic calculations along with STD and transferred NOESY NMR techniques, which gave evidence for the strengthening of CH/π interactions after deoxyfluorination of the side chain of the non-reducing GlcNAc. These results highlight the potential of fluorinated glycomimetics as high-affinity ligands of lectins and 19F NMR-active probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, CZ-165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, CZ-165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Beránek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, CZ-165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Červený
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 00 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Náměstí 542/2, CZ-160 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Bernášková
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, CZ-165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Spiwok
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 00 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, CZ-165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
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Chaloupecká E, Kurfiřt M, Červenková Šťastná L, Karban J, Dračínský M. Exploring long-range fluorine-carbon J-coupling for conformational analysis of deoxyfluorinated disaccharides: A combined computational and NMR study. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107388. [PMID: 38678775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential of long-range fluorine-carbon J-coupling for determining the structures of deoxyfluorinated disaccharides. Three disaccharides, previously synthesized as potential galectin inhibitors, exhibited through-space fluorine-carbon J-couplings. In our independent conformational analysis of these disaccharide derivatives, we employed a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. By comparing the calculated nuclear shieldings with the experimental carbon chemical shifts, we were able to identify the most probable conformers for each compound. A model comprising fluoromethane and methane molecules was used to study the relationship between molecular arrangements and intermolecular through-space J-coupling. Our study demonstrates the important effect of internuclear distance and molecular orientation on the magnitude of fluorine-carbon coupling. The experimental values for the fluorine-carbon through-space couplings (TSCs) of the disaccharides corresponded with values calculated for the most probable conformers identified by the conformational analysis. These results unlock the broader application of fluorine-carbon TSCs as powerful tools for conformational analysis of flexible molecules, offering valuable insights for future structural investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Chaloupecká
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 1/135, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Kurfiřt M, Dračínský M, Červenková Šťastná L, Cuřínová P, Hamala V, Hovorková M, Bojarová P, Karban J. Selectively Deoxyfluorinated N-Acetyllactosamine Analogues as 19 F NMR Probes to Study Carbohydrate-Galectin Interactions. Chemistry 2021; 27:13040-13051. [PMID: 34216419 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are widely expressed galactose-binding lectins implied, for example, in immune regulation, metastatic spreading, and pathogen recognition. N-Acetyllactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc, LacNAc) and its oligomeric or glycosylated forms are natural ligands of galectins. To probe substrate specificity and binding mode of galectins, we synthesized a complete series of six mono-deoxyfluorinated analogues of LacNAc, in which each hydroxyl has been selectively replaced by fluorine while the anomeric position has been protected as methyl β-glycoside. Initial evaluation of their binding to human galectin-1 and -3 by ELISA and 19 F NMR T2 -filter revealed that deoxyfluorination at C3, C4' and C6' completely abolished binding to galectin-1 but very weak binding to galectin-3 was still detectable. Moreover, deoxyfluorination of C2' caused an approximately 8-fold increase in the binding affinity towards galectin-1, whereas binding to galectin-3 was essentially not affected. Lipophilicity measurement revealed that deoxyfluorination at the Gal moiety affects log P very differently compared to deoxyfluorination at the GlcNAc moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 160 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Hovorková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Hamala V, Červenková Šťastná L, Kurfiřt M, Cuřínová P, Dračínský M, Karban J. Synthesis of multiply fluorinated N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine analogs via the corresponding deoxyfluorinated glucosazide and galactosazide phenyl thioglycosides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1086-1095. [PMID: 34093878 PMCID: PMC8144920 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple fluorination of glycostructures has emerged as an attractive way of modulating their protein affinity, metabolic stability, and lipophilicity. Here we described the synthesis of a series of mono-, di- and trifluorinated N-acetyl-ᴅ-glucosamine and ᴅ-galactosamine analogs. The key intermediates are the corresponding multiply fluorinated glucosazide and galactosazide thioglycosides prepared from deoxyfluorinated 1,6-anhydro-2-azido-β-ᴅ-hexopyranose precursors by ring-opening reaction with phenyl trimethylsilyl sulfide. Nucleophilic deoxyfluorination at C4 and C6 by reaction with DAST, thioglycoside hydrolysis and azide/acetamide transformation completed the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Hamala
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kurfiřt
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- NMR Spectroscopy group, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 16000 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Department of Bioorganic Compounds and Nanocomposites, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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Kurfiřt M, Lucie ČŠ, Cuřínová P, Hamala V, Karban J. Development of α-Selective Glycosylation for the Synthesis of Deoxyfluorinated TN Antigen Analogues. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5073-5090. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Červenková Št’astná Lucie
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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Hamala V, Červenková Šťastná L, Kurfiřt M, Cuřínová P, Balouch M, Hrstka R, Voňka P, Karban J. The effect of deoxyfluorination and O-acylation on the cytotoxicity of N-acetyl-D-gluco- and D-galactosamine hemiacetals. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4497-4506. [PMID: 33949602 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00497b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fully acetylated deoxyfluorinated hexosamine analogues and non-fluorinated 3,4,6-tri-O-acylated N-acetyl-hexosamine hemiacetals have previously been shown to display moderate anti-proliferative activity. We prepared a set of deoxyfluorinated GlcNAc and GalNAc hemiacetals that comprised both features: O-acylation at the non-anomeric positions with an acetyl, propionyl and butanoyl group, and deoxyfluorination at selected positions. Determination of the in vitro cytotoxicity towards the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and HEK-293 cell lines showed that deoxyfluorination enhanced cytotoxicity in most analogues. Increasing the ester alkyl chain length had a variable effect on the cytotoxicity of fluoro analogues, which contrasted with non-fluorinated hemiacetals where butanoyl derivatives had always higher cytotoxicity than acetates. Reaction with 2-phenylethanethiol indicated that the recently described S-glyco-modification is an unlikely cause of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic. and University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic. and University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Balouch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, žlutý kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Voňka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, žlutý kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
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Hamala V, Červenková Šťastná L, Kurfiřt M, Cuřínová P, Dračínský M, Karban J. Use of remote acyl groups for stereoselective 1,2-cis-glycosylation with fluorinated glucosazide thiodonors. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5427-5434. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01065k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introducing remote O-acyl protecting groups enabled 1,2-cis stereoselective glycosylation with fluorinated glucosazide glycosyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS
- 16502 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- 16628 Praha 6
| | | | - Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS
- 16502 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
- 16628 Praha 6
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS
- 16502 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS
- Praha 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS
- 16502 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
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Kurfiřt M, Červenková Št’astná L, Dračínský M, Müllerová M, Hamala V, Cuřínová P, Karban J. Stereoselectivity in Glycosylation with Deoxofluorinated Glucosazide and Galactosazide Thiodonors. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6405-6431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Št’astná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 16610 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Müllerová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
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Svetlik I, Fejgl M, Povinec PP, Kořínková T, Tomášková L, Pospíchal J, Kurfiřt M, Striegler R, Kaufmanová M. Determination of chemical forms of 14C in liquid discharges from nuclear power plants. J Environ Radioact 2017; 177:256-260. [PMID: 28719853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Developments of radioanalytical methods for determination of radiocarbon in wastewaters from nuclear power plants (NPP) with pressurized light water reactors, which would distinguish between the dissolved organic and inorganic forms have been carried out. After preliminary tests, the method was used to process pilot samples from wastewater outlets from the Temelín and Dukovany NPPs (Czech Republic). The results of analysis of pilot water samples collected in 2015 indicate that the instantaneous 14C releases into the water streams would be about 7.10-5 (Temelín) and 4.10-6 (Dukovany) of the total quantity of the 14C liberated into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Svetlik
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, CZ-180 86 Prague, Czech Republic; National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 28, CZ-140 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - M Fejgl
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 28, CZ-140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P P Povinec
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, SK-842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - T Kořínková
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, CZ-180 86 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Tomášková
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, CZ-180 86 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Pospíchal
- NPP Temelín, ČEZ a.s., CZ-373 05 Temelín, Czech Republic
| | - M Kurfiřt
- NPP Temelín, ČEZ a.s., Laboratory of Environmental Control, CZ-370 11 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - R Striegler
- NPP Dukovany, ČEZ a.s., Laboratory of Environmental Control, CZ-672 01 Moravský Krumlov, Czech Republic
| | - M Kaufmanová
- NPP Dukovany, ČEZ a.s., Laboratory of Environmental Control, CZ-672 01 Moravský Krumlov, Czech Republic
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