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O'Meara CP, Guerri L, Lawir DF, Mateos F, Iconomou M, Iwanami N, Soza-Ried C, Sikora K, Siamishi I, Giorgetti O, Peter S, Schorpp M, Boehm T. Author Correction: Genetic landscape of T cells identifies synthetic lethality for T-ALL. Commun Biol 2024; 7:182. [PMID: 38355822 PMCID: PMC10866859 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Connor P O'Meara
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucia Guerri
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Divine-Fondzenyuy Lawir
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology Unit, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fernando Mateos
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Norimasa Iwanami
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Cristian Soza-Ried
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Fundacion Oncoloop & Center for Nuclear Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katarzyna Sikora
- Bioinformatics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iliana Siamishi
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Orlando Giorgetti
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Peter
- Bioinformatics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Schorpp
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Boehm
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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2
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O'Meara CP, Guerri L, Lawir DF, Mateos F, Iconomou M, Iwanami N, Soza-Ried C, Sikora K, Siamishi I, Giorgetti O, Peter S, Schorpp M, Boehm T. Genetic landscape of T cells identifies synthetic lethality for T-ALL. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1201. [PMID: 34671088 PMCID: PMC8528931 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To capture the global gene network regulating the differentiation of immature T cells in an unbiased manner, large-scale forward genetic screens in zebrafish were conducted and combined with genetic interaction analysis. After ENU mutagenesis, genetic lesions associated with failure of T cell development were identified by meiotic recombination mapping, positional cloning, and whole genome sequencing. Recessive genetic variants in 33 genes were identified and confirmed as causative by additional experiments. The mutations affected T cell development but did not perturb the development of an unrelated cell type, growth hormone-expressing somatotrophs, providing an important measure of cell-type specificity of the genetic variants. The structure of the genetic network encompassing the identified components was established by a subsequent genetic interaction analysis, which identified many instances of positive (alleviating) and negative (synthetic) genetic interactions. Several examples of synthetic lethality were subsequently phenocopied using combinations of small molecule inhibitors. These drugs not only interfered with normal T cell development, but also elicited remission in a model of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Our findings illustrate how genetic interaction data obtained in the context of entire organisms can be exploited for targeted interference with specific cell types and their malignant derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor P O'Meara
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucia Guerri
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Divine-Fondzenyuy Lawir
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology Unit, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fernando Mateos
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Norimasa Iwanami
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Cristian Soza-Ried
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Fundacion Oncoloop & Center for Nuclear Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katarzyna Sikora
- Bioinformatics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iliana Siamishi
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Orlando Giorgetti
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Peter
- Bioinformatics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Schorpp
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Boehm
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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3
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Weinberg F, Herr R, Fröhlich M, Heining C, Braun S, Spohr C, Iconomou M, Hollek V, Röring M, Horak P, Kreutzfeldt S, Warsow G, Hutter B, Uhrig S, Neumann O, Reuss D, Heiland DH, Kalle CV, Weichert W, Stenzinger A, Brors B, Glimm H, Fröhling S, Brummer T. Abstract LB-B08: Identification and characterization of an unusual BRAF fusion oncoprotein with retained autoinhibitory domains. Mol Cancer Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-19-lb-b08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fusion proteins involving the BRAF serine/threonine kinase occur in many cancers. Oncogenic BRAF fusion proteins usually consist of the BRAF kinase domain and an N-terminal fusion partner that replaces the critical domains required for BRAF autoinhibition. We applied whole-exome and RNA sequencing in a patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to identify a rearrangement between TTYH3, encoding a membrane-resident, calcium-activated chloride channel, and BRAF intron 1, resulting in a TTYH3-BRAF fusion protein that retained all structural prerequisites for BRAF autoinhibition. Indeed, the BRAF moiety of the fusion protein alone, which represented near-full-length BRAF without the amino acids encoded by exon 1 (BRAFΔE1), did not induce MEK/ERK phosphorylation or cellular transformation. Similarly, neither the TTYH3 moiety of the fusion protein nor full-length TTYH3 provoked ERK pathway activity or transformation. In contrast, TTYH3-BRAF displayed increased MEK phosphorylation potential and transforming activity, which were caused by TTYH3-mediated tethering of BRAFΔE1 to the (endo)membrane system. Consistent with this mechanism, a synthetic approach in which BRAFΔE1 was localized to the membrane by fusing it to the cytoplasmic tail of CD8 also induced transformation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TTYH3-BRAF signals largely independent of a functional RAS-binding domain, but relies on an intact BRAF dimer interface and forms homo- and heterodimers with RAF1 or ARAF. Moreover, the MEK phosphorylation and transformation potential of TTYH3-BRAF requires the activation loop phosphorylation sites T599 and S602. Various cell line models, including primary human astrocytes and a GBM stem cell line, expressing TTYH3-BRAF exhibited increased MEK/ERK signaling. TTYH3-BRAF-induced MEK/ERK phosphorylation was blocked by clinically achievable concentrations of sorafenib, trametinib, and the paradox breaker PLX8394. These data provide the first example of a fully autoinhibited BRAF protein whose oncogenic potential is dictated by a distinct fusion partner and not by a structural change in BRAF itself.
Citation Format: Florian Weinberg, Ricarda Herr, Martina Fröhlich, Christoph Heining, Sandra Braun, Corinna Spohr, Mary Iconomou, Viola Hollek, Michael Röring, Peter Horak, Simon Kreutzfeldt, Gregor Warsow, Barbara Hutter, Sebastian Uhrig, Olaf Neumann, David Reuss, Dieter Hendrik Heiland, Christof von Kalle, Wilko Weichert, Albrecht Stenzinger, Benedikt Brors, Hanno Glimm, Stefan Fröhling, Tilman Brummer. Identification and characterization of an unusual BRAF fusion oncoprotein with retained autoinhibitory domains [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-B08. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-LB-B08
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christof von Kalle
- 6Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany, Berlin
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Fröhling
- 8NCT Heidelberg, DKFZ and German Cancer Consortium DKTK, Heidelberg
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4
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Weinberg F, Griffin R, Fröhlich M, Heining C, Braun S, Spohr C, Iconomou M, Hollek V, Röring M, Horak P, Kreutzfeldt S, Warsow G, Hutter B, Uhrig S, Neumann O, Reuss D, Heiland DH, von Kalle C, Weichert W, Stenzinger A, Brors B, Glimm H, Fröhling S, Brummer T. Identification and characterization of a BRAF fusion oncoprotein with retained autoinhibitory domains. Oncogene 2019; 39:814-832. [PMID: 31558800 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fusion proteins involving the BRAF serine/threonine kinase occur in many cancers. The oncogenic potential of BRAF fusions has been attributed to the loss of critical N-terminal domains that mediate BRAF autoinhibition. We used whole-exome and RNA sequencing in a patient with glioblastoma multiforme to identify a rearrangement between TTYH3, encoding a membrane-resident, calcium-activated chloride channel, and BRAF intron 1, resulting in a TTYH3-BRAF fusion protein that retained all features essential for BRAF autoinhibition. Accordingly, the BRAF moiety of the fusion protein alone, which represents full-length BRAF without the amino acids encoded by exon 1 (BRAFΔE1), did not induce MEK/ERK phosphorylation or transformation. Likewise, neither the TTYH3 moiety of the fusion protein nor full-length TTYH3 provoked ERK pathway activity or transformation. In contrast, TTYH3-BRAF displayed increased MEK phosphorylation potential and transforming activity, which were caused by TTYH3-mediated tethering of near-full-length BRAF to the (endo)membrane system. Consistent with this mechanism, a synthetic approach, in which BRAFΔE1 was tethered to the membrane by fusing it to the cytoplasmic tail of CD8 also induced transformation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TTYH3-BRAF signals largely independent of a functional RAS binding domain, but requires an intact BRAF dimer interface and activation loop phosphorylation sites. Cells expressing TTYH3-BRAF exhibited increased MEK/ERK signaling, which was blocked by clinically achievable concentrations of sorafenib, trametinib, and the paradox breaker PLX8394. These data provide the first example of a fully autoinhibited BRAF protein whose oncogenic potential is dictated by a distinct fusion partner and not by a structural change in BRAF itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weinberg
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Griffin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martina Fröhlich
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Heining
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Dresden, Dresden, and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Braun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Spohr
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Viola Hollek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Röring
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Horak
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Kreutzfeldt
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Warsow
- Omics IT and Data Management Core Facility, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Hutter
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Neumann
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Reuss
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Henrik Heiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Department of Translational Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DKTK, Munich, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanno Glimm
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Dresden, Dresden, and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany. .,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,DKTK Partner Site Freiburg and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Hastings JF, Han JZR, Shearer RF, Kennedy SP, Iconomou M, Saunders DN, Croucher DR. Dissecting Multi-protein Signaling Complexes by Bimolecular Complementation Affinity Purification (BiCAP). J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985350 DOI: 10.3791/57109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The assembly of protein complexes is a central mechanism underlying the regulation of many cell signaling pathways. A major focus of biomedical research is deciphering how these dynamic protein complexes act to integrate signals from multiple sources in order to direct a specific biological response, and how this becomes deregulated in many disease settings. Despite the importance of this key biochemical mechanism, there is a lack of experimental techniques that can facilitate the specific and sensitive deconvolution of these multi-molecular signaling complexes. Here this shortcoming is addressed through the combination of a protein complementation assay with a conformation-specific nanobody, which we have termed Bimolecular Complementation Affinity Purification (BiCAP). This novel technique facilitates the specific isolation and downstream proteomic characterization of any pair of interacting proteins, to the exclusion of un-complexed individual proteins and complexes formed with competing binding partners. The BiCAP technique is adaptable to a wide array of downstream experimental assays, and the high degree of specificity afforded by this technique allows more nuanced investigations into the mechanics of protein complex assembly than is currently possible using standard affinity purification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Z R Han
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research
| | - Robert F Shearer
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research; Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen
| | - Sean P Kennedy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research; RCSI Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
| | - Mary Iconomou
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research; Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics
| | | | - David R Croucher
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research; St Vincent's Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales; School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin;
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Chen Y, Harrington BS, Lau KCN, Burke LJ, He Y, Iconomou M, Palmer JS, Meade B, Lumley JW, Hooper JD. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of CDCP1 shed from the cell surface and present in colorectal cancer serum specimens. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 139:65-72. [PMID: 28279929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a transmembrane protein involved in progression of several cancers. When located on the plasma membrane, full-length 135kDa CDCP1 can undergo proteolysis mediated by serine proteases that cleave after two adjacent amino acids (arginine 368 and lysine 369). This releases from the cell surface two 65kDa fragments, collectively termed ShE-CDCP1, that differ by one carboxyl terminal residue. To evaluate the function of CDCP1 and its potential utility as a cancer biomarker, in this study we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to reliably and easily measure the concentration of ShE-CDCP1 in biological samples. Using a reference standard we demonstrate that the developed ELISA has a working range of 0.68-26.5ng/ml, and the limit of detection is 0.25ng/ml. It displays high intra-assay (repeatability) and high inter-assay (reproducibility) precision with all coefficients of variation ≤7%. The ELISA also displays high accuracy detecting ShE-CDCP1 levels at ≥94.8% of actual concentration using quality control samples. We employed the ELISA to measure the concentration of ShE-CDCP1 in human serum samples with our results suggesting that levels are significantly higher in serum of colorectal cancer patients compared with serum from individuals with benign conditions (p<0.05). Our data also suggest that colorectal cancer patients with stage II-IV disease have at least 50% higher serum levels of ShE-CDCP1 compared with stage I cases (p<0.05). We conclude that the developed ELISA is a suitable method to quantify ShE-CDCP1 concentration in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Brittney S Harrington
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Kevin C N Lau
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Lez J Burke
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - James S Palmer
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Brian Meade
- Colorectal Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba Qld 4102, Australia
| | | | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia.
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7
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Hardie RA, van Dam E, Cowley M, Han TL, Balaban S, Pajic M, Pinese M, Iconomou M, Shearer RF, McKenna J, Miller D, Waddell N, Pearson JV, Grimmond SM, Sazanov L, Biankin AV, Villas-Boas S, Hoy AJ, Turner N, Saunders DN. Mitochondrial mutations and metabolic adaptation in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Metab 2017; 5:2. [PMID: 28163917 PMCID: PMC5282905 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-017-0164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer has a five-year survival rate of ~8%, with characteristic molecular heterogeneity and restricted treatment options. Targeting metabolism has emerged as a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for cancers such as pancreatic cancer, which are driven by genetic alterations that are not tractable drug targets. Although somatic mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) mutations have been observed in various tumors types, understanding of metabolic genotype-phenotype relationships is limited. METHODS We deployed an integrated approach combining genomics, metabolomics, and phenotypic analysis on a unique cohort of patient-derived pancreatic cancer cell lines (PDCLs). Genome analysis was performed via targeted sequencing of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial components and metabolic genes. Phenotypic characterization of PDCLs included measurement of cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using a Seahorse XF extracellular flux analyser, targeted metabolomics and pathway profiling, and radiolabelled glutamine tracing. RESULTS We identified 24 somatic mutations in the mtDNA of 12 patient-derived pancreatic cancer cell lines (PDCLs). A further 18 mutations were identified in a targeted study of ~1000 nuclear genes important for mitochondrial function and metabolism. Comparison with reference datasets indicated a strong selection bias for non-synonymous mutants with predicted functional effects. Phenotypic analysis showed metabolic changes consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction, including reduced oxygen consumption and increased glycolysis. Metabolomics and radiolabeled substrate tracing indicated the initiation of reductive glutamine metabolism and lipid synthesis in tumours. CONCLUSIONS The heterogeneous genomic landscape of pancreatic tumours may converge on a common metabolic phenotype, with individual tumours adapting to increased anabolic demands via different genetic mechanisms. Targeting resulting metabolic phenotypes may be a productive therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae-Anne Hardie
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Ellen van Dam
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - Mark Cowley
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - Ting-Li Han
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Seher Balaban
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Mark Pinese
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Mary Iconomou
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Robert F. Shearer
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jessie McKenna
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - David Miller
- Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - John V. Pearson
- Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Sean M. Grimmond
- Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Centre for Medical Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
- Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Leonid Sazanov
- Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Andrew V. Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Silas Villas-Boas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Andrew J. Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Darren N. Saunders
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010 Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
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8
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Croucher DR, Iconomou M, Hastings JF, Kennedy SP, Han JZR, Shearer RF, McKenna J, Wan A, Lau J, Aparicio S, Saunders DN. Bimolecular complementation affinity purification (BiCAP) reveals dimer-specific protein interactions for ERBB2 dimers. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra69. [PMID: 27405979 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic assembly of multiprotein complexes is a central mechanism of many cell signaling pathways. This process is key to maintaining the spatiotemporal specificity required for an accurate, yet adaptive, response to rapidly changing cellular conditions. We describe a technique for the specific isolation and downstream proteomic characterization of any two interacting proteins, to the exclusion of their individual moieties and competing binding partners. We termed the approach bimolecular complementation affinity purification (BiCAP) because it combines the use of conformation-specific nanobodies with a protein-fragment complementation assay with affinity purification. Using BiCAP, we characterized the specific interactome of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family member ERBB2 when in the form of a homodimer or when in the form of a heterodimer with either EGFR or ERBB3. We identified dimer-specific interaction patterns for key adaptor proteins and identified a number of previously unknown interacting partners. Functional analysis for one of these newly identified partners revealed a noncanonical mechanism of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation that is specific to the ERBB2:ERBB3 heterodimer and acts through the adaptor protein FAM59A in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Croucher
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. St. Vincent's Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia. School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D4, Ireland.
| | - Mary Iconomou
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Jordan F Hastings
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Sean P Kennedy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D4, Ireland
| | - Jeremy Z R Han
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Robert F Shearer
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Jessie McKenna
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Adrian Wan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Joseph Lau
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Darren N Saunders
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
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Shearer RF, Iconomou M, Watts CKW, Saunders DN. Functional Roles of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase UBR5 in Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1523-32. [PMID: 26464214 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) is an important regulator of cell signaling and proteostasis, which are essential to a variety of cellular processes. The UPS is disrupted in many diseases including cancer, and targeting the UPS for cancer therapy is gaining wide interest. E3 ubiquitin ligases occupy a key position in the hierarchical UPS enzymatic cascade, largely responsible for determining substrate specificity and ubiquitin (Ub) chain topology. The E3 ligase UBR5 (aka EDD1) is emerging as a key regulator of the UPS in cancer and development. UBR5 expression is deregulated in many cancer types and UBR5 is frequently mutated in mantle cell lymphoma. UBR5 is highly conserved in metazoans, has unique structural features, and has been implicated in regulation of DNA damage response, metabolism, transcription, and apoptosis. Hence, UBR5 is a key regulator of cell signaling relevant to broad areas of cancer biology. However, the mechanism by which UBR5 may contribute to tumor initiation and progression remains poorly defined. This review synthesizes emerging insights from genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology to inform our understanding of UBR5 in cancer. These molecular insights indicate a role for UBR5 in integrating/coordinating various cellular signaling pathways. Finally, we discuss outstanding questions in UBR5 biology and highlight the need to systematically characterize substrates, and address limitations in current animal models, to better define the role of UBR5 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Shearer
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia. St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary Iconomou
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia. St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colin K W Watts
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Darren N Saunders
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia. School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Casar B, He Y, Iconomou M, Hooper JD, Quigley JP, Deryugina EI. Blocking of CDCP1 cleavage in vivo prevents Akt-dependent survival and inhibits metastatic colonization through PARP1-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells. Oncogene 2011; 31:3924-38. [PMID: 22179830 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) is a transmembrane molecule that has recently been implicated in cancer progression. In this study we have established a novel mechanism for initiation of CDCP1-mediated signaling in vivo and demonstrated that specific 135→70-kDa processing of cell-surface CDCP1 by extracellular serine proteases is a prerequisite for CDCP1-dependent survival of cancer cells during metastasis. The in vivo cleavage of CDCP1 triggers a survival program involving recruitment of Src and PKCδ, Src-mediated phosphorylation of cell-surface-retained 70-kDa CDCP1, activation of Akt and suppression of PARP1-induced apoptosis. We demonstrate in vivo that phosphorylated Src, PKCδ and Akt all constitute activated elements of a CDCP1-signaling axis during tissue colonization of tumor cells. Preventing in vivo cleavage of CDCP1 with unique anti-CDCP1 antibodies, serine protease inhibitors or genetic modulation of the cleavage site in the CDCP1 molecule completely abrogated survival signaling associated with the 70-kDa CDCP1, and induced PARP1 cleavage and PARP1-mediated apoptosis, ultimately resulting in substantial inhibition of tissue colonization by tumor cells. The lack of CDCP1 cleavage in the lung tissue of plasminogen-knockout mice along with a coordinated reduction in tumor cell survival in a lung retention model, and importantly rescue of both by in vivo supplied plasmin, indicated that plasmin is the crucial serine protease executing in vivo cleavage of cell-surface CDCP1 during early stages of lung colonization. Together, our findings indicate that in vivo blocking of CDCP1 cleavage upstream from CDCP1-induced pro-survival signaling provides a potential mechanism for therapeutic intervention into metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Casar
- The Cell Biology Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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