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Nagata N, Aoshima K, Nakamura K, Takiguchi M. Adrenocortical hypoperfusion detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in a dog with trilostane-induced hypoadrenocorticism. J Small Anim Pract 2023; 64:722-726. [PMID: 37340686 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
A 12-year-old neutered male Chihuahua dog was diagnosed with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism and treated with trilostane. Eighty-nine days later, the dog showed lethargy accompanied by hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia. Hypoadrenocorticism due to trilostane was suspected, but the result of the adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test was not conclusive. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed loss of adrenocortical blood flow in both adrenal glands, indicating adrenocortical hypoperfusion and isolated hypoadrenocorticism. Treatment with fludrocortisone acetate improved the condition and electrolyte abnormalities. Thirteen months later, the dog showed alopecia, and an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test revealed increased cortisol concentration, indicating hypercortisolism recurrence. The dog died due to progressive deterioration 22 months after the initial presentation. Post-mortem examination revealed focally extensive necrosis with marked calcification in the parenchyma of the adrenal glands and regeneration of the cells in the zona fasciculata with severe fibrosis. Adrenocortical hypoperfusion detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound can support the diagnosis of adrenal necrosis and hypoadrenocorticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nagata
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Aoshima
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
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Tanaka S, Wakui H, Azushima K, Tsukamoto S, Yamaji T, Urate S, Suzuki T, Abe E, Taguchi S, Yamada T, Kobayashi R, Kanaoka T, Kamimura D, Kinguchi S, Takiguchi M, Funakoshi K, Yamashita A, Ishigami T, Tamura K. Effects of a High-Protein Diet on Kidney Injury under Conditions of Non-CKD or CKD in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097778. [PMID: 37175483 PMCID: PMC10177820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the prevalence of obesity and global aging, the consumption of a high-protein diet (HPD) may be advantageous. However, an HPD aggravates kidney dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Moreover, the effects of an HPD on kidney function in healthy individuals are controversial. In this study, we employed a remnant kidney mouse model as a CKD model and aimed to evaluate the effects of an HPD on kidney injury under conditions of non-CKD and CKD. Mice were divided into four groups: a sham surgery (sham) + normal diet (ND) group, a sham + HPD group, a 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) + ND group and a 5/6 Nx + HPD group. Blood pressure, kidney function and kidney tissue injury were compared after 12 weeks of diet loading among the four groups. The 5/6 Nx groups displayed blood pressure elevation, kidney function decline, glomerular injury and tubular injury compared with the sham groups. Furthermore, an HPD exacerbated glomerular injury only in the 5/6 Nx group; however, an HPD did not cause kidney injury in the sham group. Clinical application of these results suggests that patients with CKD should follow a protein-restricted diet to prevent the exacerbation of kidney injury, while healthy individuals can maintain an HPD without worrying about the adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wakui
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kengo Azushima
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamaji
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Shingo Urate
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Eriko Abe
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shinya Taguchi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamada
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ryu Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kanaoka
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kamimura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sho Kinguchi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Akio Yamashita
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishiharacho, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ishigami
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Morishita K, Sugawara-Suda M, Yamazaki J, Sasaki N, Nakamura K, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Evaluation of responses to immunosuppressive therapy in dogs with suspected non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia: 11 cases (2012-2018). J Small Anim Pract 2023. [PMID: 37029490 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the response time to immunosuppressive therapy and time required to achieve a 5% increase in haematocrit among dogs with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Client-owned dogs diagnosed with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia in Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between December 2012 and May 2018 were enrolled. The first treatment regimen included prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day) and ciclosporin (up to 10 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Dogs that did not respond to the first regimen proceeded to the second regimen comprising prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (15 mg/kg, twice a day). Reticulocyte count and haematocrit were monitored every 1 to 2 weeks. Treatment response was defined as an absolute reticulocyte count more than 60×103 /μL or increasing haematocrit. RESULTS During the study period, 23 dogs fulfilled the inclusion criteria for non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia. Twelve dogs were excluded from this study for various reasons and response to therapy was evaluated in the remaining 11 dogs. Treatment responses were observed in 8 of 11 dogs, and the median time to response was 39.5 days (range 8 to 92 days). Two responders were unable to continue the first treatment regimen and were switched to the second regimen owing to anorexia and nausea, possibly induced by ciclosporin; withdrawal of ciclosporin improved their symptoms. The time required to achieve a 5% increase in haematocrit was assessed in the other six dogs, with a median of 55.5 days (range 8 to 135 days). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Here we report the response to a standardised treatment protocol in dogs with non-regenerative immune-mediated anaemia. Knowledge of potential side effects and expected therapeutic outcomes may be of use for veterinary practitioners treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Sugawara-Suda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - J Yamazaki
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Osuga T, Kuroda K, Morita T, Sasaki N, Nakamura K, Takiguchi M. Prognostic value of left atrial stiffness estimated using echocardiography in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. J Vet Cardiol 2023; 45:15-26. [PMID: 36608614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION No studies have investigated the prognostic value of left atrial stiffness (LASt) estimated using echocardiography in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). ANIMALS Seventy-two dogs had MMVD and 46 dogs were healthy dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical retrospective cohort study. The survival information of MMVD dogs that underwent echocardiographic examination was obtained. The peak velocities of early diastolic transmitral flow (E) and mitral annular motion as determined by pulsed wave Doppler (E') were determined. The left atrial reservoir strain (εS) was determined by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography of the left atrium. The LASt was estimated by the formula: E/E'/εS. The 95% prediction interval of LASt was computed from the data of the healthy dogs. RESULTS Seventeen dogs having MMVD died of cardiac-related causes with 55 MMVD dogs censored. The MMVD dogs with LASt > its 95% upper prediction limit (LASt > 0.56; n = 26; median survival time, 484 days; 95% confidence interval, 283 days-indeterminable) had shorter survival times (P<0.001) than those with LASt ≤ its 95% upper prediction limit (LASt ≤ 0.56; n = 46; median survival time, >1112 days; 95% confidence interval, indeterminable). Multivariable Cox's proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that the ratio of the left atrial dimension to the aortic annulus dimension and LASt were independent predictors of cardiac-related death among conventional echocardiographic indices, εS and LASt in MMVD dogs. CONCLUSIONS In dogs with MMVD, increased LASt estimated using echocardiography is an independent predictor of cardiac-related death, and LASt can be more useful for prognostication than εS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Osuga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W10, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan
| | - K Kuroda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
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Takiguchi M, Miyashita K, Yamazaki K, Funakoshi K. Chondroitinase ABC Administration Facilitates Serotonergic Innervation of Motoneurons in Rats With Complete Spinal Cord Transection. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:881632. [PMID: 35845919 PMCID: PMC9280451 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.881632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) is an enzyme that degrades glycosaminoglycan side-chains of chondroitin sulfate (CS-GAG) from the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) core protein. Previous studies demonstrated that the administration of ChABC after spinal cord injury promotes nerve regeneration by removing CS-GAGs from the lesion site and promotes the plasticity of spinal neurons by removing CS-GAGs from the perineuronal nets (PNNs). These effects of ChABC might enhance the regeneration and sprouting of descending axons, leading to the recovery of motor function. Anatomical evidence, indicating that the regenerated axons innervate spinal motoneurons caudal to the lesion site, however, has been lacking. In the present study, we investigated whether descending axons pass through the lesion site and innervate the lumbar motoneurons after ChABC administration in rats with complete spinal cord transection (CST) at the thoracic level. At 3 weeks after CST, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) fibers were observed to enter the lesion in ChABC-treated rats, but not saline-treated rats. In addition, 92% of motoneurons in the ventral horn of the fifth lumbar segment (L5) in saline-treated rats, and 38% of those in ChABC-treated rats were surrounded by chondroitin sulfate-A (CS-A) positive structures. At 8 weeks after CST, many 5-HT fibers were observed in the ventral horn of the L5, where they terminated in the motoneurons in ChABC-treated rats, but not in saline-treated rats. In total, 54% of motoneurons in the L5 ventral horn in saline-treated rats and 39% of those in ChABC-treated rats were surrounded by CS-A-positive structures. ChABC-treated rats had a Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) motor score of 3.8 at 2 weeks, 7.1 at 3 weeks, and 10.3 at 8 weeks after CST. These observations suggest that ChABC administration to the lesion site immediately after CST may promote the regeneration of descending 5-HT axons through the lesion site and their termination on motoneurons at the level of caudal to the lesion site. ChABC administration might facilitate reinnervation by degrading CS-GAGs around motoneurons. Motor function of the lower limbs was significantly improved in ChABC-treated rats even before the 5-HT axons terminated on the motoneurons, suggesting that other mechanisms may also contribute to the motor function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kanae Miyashita
- Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kengo Funakoshi,
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Fujita H, Imura K, Takiguchi M, Funakoshi K. Postnatal development of thalamic reticular nucleus projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei in rats. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [PMID: 35330554 PMCID: PMC8992380 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) projects inhibitory signals to the thalamus, thereby controlling thalamocortical connections. Few studies have examined the development of TRN projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei with regard to axon course and the axon terminal distributions. In the present study, we used parvalbumin (PV) immunostaining to investigate inhibitory projections from the TRN to the thalamus in postnatal (P) 2- to 5-week-old rats (P14-35). The distribution of PV-positive (+) nerve fibers and nerve terminals markedly differed among the anterior thalamic nuclei at P14. Small, beaded nerve terminals were more distributed throughout the anterodorsal nucleus (AD) than in the anteroventral nucleus (AV) and anteromedial nucleus (AM). PV+ fibers traveling from the TRN to the AD were observed in the AV and AM. Nodular nerve terminals, spindle or en passant terminals, were identified on the axons passing through the AV and AM. At P21, axon bundles traveling without nodular terminals were observed, and nerve terminals were distributed throughout the AV and AM similar to the AD. At P28 and P35, the nerve terminals were evenly distributed throughout each nucleus. In addition, DiI tracer injections into the retrosplenial cortex revealed retrogradely-labeled projection neurons in the 3 nuclei at P14. At P14, the AD received abundant projections from the TRN and then projected to the retrosplenial cortex. The AV and AM seem to receive projections with distinct nodular nerve terminals from the TRN and project to the retrosplenial cortex. The projections from TRN to the AV and AM with nodular nerve terminals at P14 are probably developmental-period specific. In comparison, the TRN projections to the AD at P14 might be related to the development of spatial navigation as part of the head orientation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Fujita
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama.
| | - Kosuke Imura
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama.
| | - Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama.
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama.
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Takiguchi M, Akaike T, Shindo K, Sakuyama R, Koganemaru R, Funakoshi K. Chondroitin sulfate expression around motoneurons changes after complete spinal transection of neonatal rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 766:136324. [PMID: 34740772 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hind limb locomotor activity spontaneously recovers after complete spinal transection (CST) in neonatal rats, but the mechanisms underlying the recovery are poorly understood. The perineuronal net (PNN) surrounding the neuronal cell bodies comprises an extracellular matrix that regulates neuronal plasticity during development. Here, we examined the expression of chondroitin sulfate (CS), a major component of the PNN, on motoneurons after CST in neonatal rats, and compared it with that in juvenile rats, in which hindlimb locomotor activity does not recover spontaneously. The spinal cord was transected at the mid-thoracic level in neonatal (postnatal day 5 [P5] and P10) and juvenile (P15 and P20) rats. Two weeks after CST, the percentage of motoneurons surrounded by chondroitin sulfate C (CS-C) - positive structures was significantly lower in rats with CST at P10 than in intact rats, and tended to be higher in rats with CST at P15 than in intact rats. The percentage of motoneurons with CS-A - positive structures was significantly lower in rats with CST at P15 than in intact rats. These findings suggest that CS-A and CS-C are differentially expressed in the PNNs in rats with CST. The decrease in CS-C - positive PNNs might facilitate the formation of new synaptic contacts to motoneurons, resulting in the recovery of the hindlimb locomotor activity in rats with CST during the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Akaike
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Shindo
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Risa Sakuyama
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ran Koganemaru
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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Morita T, Nakamura K, Osuga T, Takiguchi M. Incremental predictive value of echocardiographic indices of right ventricular function in the assessment of long-term prognosis in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 39:51-62. [PMID: 34979482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have evaluated the utility of echocardiographic indices of right ventricular (RV) function in predicting prognosis in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). ANIMALS Sixty-seven client-owned dogs were diagnosed with MMVD. MATERIALS AND METHODS clinical cohort study. Dogs diagnosed with American college of veterinary internal medicine (ACVIM) stage B2, C or D between April 2014 and March 2017 were enrolled. Long-term outcomes were assessed by telephone or from the medical record. The primary end-point was defined as cardiac-related death. Echocardiographic indices of RV function, including the RV Tei index, free wall and septal RV longitudinal strain, were obtained. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to identify variables predictive of cardiac-related death. RESULTS Twenty-four dogs died during the follow-up period. The median follow-up time was 482 days, and the median survival time for dogs with cardiac-related death was 230 days. For cardiac-related death, peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity, ACVIM stage C or D, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, RV Tei index and RV end-diastolic area were predictors in univariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. In multivariable Cox proportional analysis adjusted for the left atrial to aorta ratio, peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity and ACVIM stage, an increase in the Tei index by 0.1 increased the hazard ratio of cardiac-related death by 33% (95% confidence interval, 16-70%; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS In dogs with MMVD, RV dysfunction assessed by the Tei index is an independent predictor of cardiac-related death.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
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9
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Takiguchi M, Morinobu S, Funakoshi K. Chondroitin sulfate expression around spinal motoneurons during postnatal development in rats. Brain Res 2021; 1752:147252. [PMID: 33421374 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets are extracellular matrix structures that surround neuronal cell bodies and their proximal dendrites in the central nervous system. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, which contain chondroitin sulfates (CSs) are major components of perineuronal nets. CSs are considered to have inhibitory roles in neural plasticity, although the effects differ according to their sulfation pattern. In the present study, we investigated the expression of the CS subtypes CS-A and CS-C surrounding spinal motoneurons in different postnatal periods to explore the potential influence of altered CS sulfation patterns on spinal development. CS-A-positive structures were observed around motoneurons in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar segments as early as postnatal day (P) 5. Most motoneurons were covered with CS-A-positive structures during the first 2 postnatal weeks. The percentage of motoneurons covered with CS-A-positive structures decreased after P20, becoming lower than 70% in the cervical, and lumber segments after P35. CS-C-positive structures were occasionally observed around motoneurons during the first 2 postnatal weeks. The percentage of motoneurons covered with CS-C-positive structures increased after P20, becoming significantly higher after P25 than before P20. The expression pattern of Wisteria Floribunda agglutinin-positive structures around motoneurons was similar to that of the CS-C-positive structures. The present findings revealed that CS-A and CS-C are differentially expressed in the extracellular matrix surrounding motoneurons. The altered sulfation pattern with increased CS-C expression is associated with the maturation of perineuronal nets and might lead to changes in the motoneuron plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sonoko Morinobu
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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Abstract
It is difficult to correlate the direction of mandibular canal branches (MCBs) with altered sensation in dental treatments. In contrast, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is related to vasodilation, bone formation, and the interaction with the peripheral nervous system. Therefore, we investigated the detailed morphological characteristics of MCBs using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and observation of the CGRP distribution around the MCB. The MCB measurements were evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify morphological correlations. A total of 168 sides of mandibles from 84 cadavers were analyzed in this study. Most of the MCBs were primarily in the direction of the clock model from X to XI in sagittal sections and XII to I in coronal sections of the mandible. The structure of the MCB was divided into the fine canal branch (60.4%, 223/369), partial branch (24.4%, 90/369), and no canal branch (15.2%, 56/369). PCA indicated that the measurement element with the MCB and its structures were correlated in contrast to tooth factors. Positive CGRP reactions were clearly observed in the no-canal branch group compared to other groups. These data provide useful suggestions for MCB dynamics and information for clinical dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takiguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Sato
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Z L Li
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Miyaso
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kawata
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Itoh
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Takiguchi M, Morinobu S, Koganemaru R, Sakuyama R, Funakoshi K. Changes in the ratio of chondroitin sulfate A and C of perineuronal net components on spinal motoneurons during postnatal development. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Leela-Arporn R, Ohta H, Nagata N, Sasaoka K, Tamura M, Dermlim A, Nisa K, Morishita K, Sasaki N, Nakamura K, Takagi S, Hosoya K, Takiguchi M. Epidemiology of massive hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs: A 4-year retrospective study. Vet J 2019; 248:74-78. [PMID: 31113567 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumour in dogs. However, the clinical features and risk factors of HCC have not been confirmed. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical features and risk factors for canine HCC. Medical records of 44 dogs diagnosed with HCC at Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 2013 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. All dogs evaluated at the teaching hospital during the study period were used as the reference population for breed, age, sex predispositions or possible related factors for HCC, including concurrent disorders. Clinical characteristics of HCC were determined using propensity score matching analysis. The prevalence of HCC diagnosis was 0.96%. Multivariate analysis revealed that dogs diagnosed with HCC were significantly older (odds ratio [OR], 1.20; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.07-1.33) than the reference population. Welsh Corgis (OR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.56-8.67) and Beagles (OR, 4.33; 95% CI, 1.58-11.90) were significantly predisposed to HCC. Twenty-seven of 44 dogs with HCC had at least one concurrent disorder. The most common concurrent disorder was hyperadrenocorticism (n = 10), and the adjusted odds of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs with HCC were 4.13 higher than those of the reference population (95% CI, 1.95-8.76). Propensity score matching analysis revealed that thrombocytosis (n = 30/43), increased alanine aminotransferase (n = 41/44), increased alkaline phosphatase (n = 42/44), and hypercalcemia (n = 13/32) were significantly associated with HCC diagnosis. The results of this study suggest that Welsh Corgis and Beagles are breeds with a predisposition for HCC and that hyperadrenocorticism might be a potential risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Leela-Arporn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - N Nagata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Sasaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - M Tamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - A Dermlim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Nisa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - S Takagi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - K Hosoya
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan.
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Dermlim A, Nakamura K, Morita T, Osuga T, Nisa K, Sasaoka K, Leela-Arporn R, Sasaki N, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. The Repeatability and Left Atrial Strain Analysis Obtained via Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in healthy Dogs. J Vet Cardiol 2019; 23:69-80. [PMID: 31174731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In left atrial (LA) strain-derived two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography, the reference intervals in healthy dogs can provide useful information to evaluate the LA function in dogs with heart disease. ANIMALS Six laboratory beagles and 120 privately owned dogs without cardiac diseases were recruited. MATERIALS AND METHODS The LA strain and strain rate (SR) and echocardiographic indices were obtained in dogs who underwent standard echocardiography and offline analysis for LA strain and SR measurement by speckle tracking echocardiography. RESULTS The intra-observer within-day variations of strain variables showed adequate repeatability (coefficient of variation <20%). The mean values of strain were 25.37 for the LA reservoir function, 11.06 for the LA conduit function, and 14.17 for the LA booster-pump function; the strain was significantly correlated with the LA fractional volume change at each phasic function. The left atrial longitudinal strain during early ventricular diastole showed moderate correlation with the peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow (r = 0.5560) and ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow to peak velocity of late transmitral flow (r = 0.5515). In multiple regression analysis, only age was significantly related to the strain/SR and volumetric change indices, indicating conduit function. CONCLUSIONS Left atrial speckle tracking echocardiographic analysis provided useful information to assess the LA function in healthy dogs. The influencing factors on strain and SR variables including the age, body weight, and heart rate should be considered in interpretation of these parameters in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dermlim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Nisa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Sasaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - R Leela-Arporn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Uemura A, Takiguchi M, Funakoshi K, Noishiki Y, Ogawa S, Tanaka R. Assessment of the subcutaneous degradation process of insoluble hyaluronic acid in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:511-515. [PMID: 30269818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Insoluble hyaluronic acid (IHA) may prevent adhesions by forming a physical barrier during the period when postoperative adhesions form. This study was performed to verify the changes that a solid IHA membrane undergoes as it is degraded in vivo, and to ascertain the swelling rate of IHA required for it to function as a physical barrier during the postoperative adhesion formation period. Nine female WI rats weighing 300-400 g were used. Discs 8 mm in diameter were cut out of dry IHA membranes made of IHA with a swelling rate (wet weight/dry weight) of either 2.47 (high-swelling IHA) or 1.94 (low-swelling IHA). They were placed in saline to swell and then washed with saline before subcutaneous implantation in four pockets in each rat. The high-swelling IHA started to degrade more rapidly than the low-swelling IHA. There was no evidence of degradation of the low-swelling IHA until day 7, but once it had started, the speed of degradation tended to be similar to that of the high-swelling IHA. The present results showed that, when IHA is implanted subcutaneously in rats, it is degraded over time in a phased process. The swelling rate required for the use of IHA as a postoperative adhesion barrier was also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uemura
- Faculty of Life & Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, 2-2-1 Senjusakuragi, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 120-0045, Japan; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Masahito Takiguchi
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Noishiki
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shingo Ogawa
- R&D Department of Medical Field Product and Cosmetics Material, Fundamental Research Division, Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd, 1-9-4, Horinouchi, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
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Takiguchi M, Fujioka M, Funakoshi K. Neonatal spinal injury induces de novo projections of primary afferents to the lumbosacral intermediolateral nucleus in rats. IBRO Rep 2018; 4:1-6. [PMID: 30135945 PMCID: PMC6084831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal spinal injury induces dextran amine-labeled primary afferent projections to the sacral intermediolateral nucleus. Dextran amine-labeled afferent fibers form varicose terminals on the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. Dextran amine tends to be incorporated preferentially in dorsal root ganglion neurons with myelinated fibers. De novo projections of myelinated afferents might contribute to the recovery of micturition following neonatal spinal injury.
Complete spinal transection in adult rats results in poor recovery of hind limb function and severe urinary bladder dysfunction. Neonatal rats with spinal cord transection, however, exhibit spontaneous and significant recovery of micturition control. A previous study in which biotinylated-dextran amine (BDA) was used as an anterograde tracer demonstrated that primary afferent fibers from the fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) project more strongly and make more terminals in the ventral horn after neonatal spinal cord transection at the mid-thoracic level. In the present study, we injected BDA into the sixth lumbar (L6) DRG of neonatally spinalized rats to label primary afferent fibers that include visceral afferents. The labeled fibers projected to the intermediolateral nucleus (IML) in the intermediate zone on ipsilateral side of the L6 spinal segment, whereas no projections to the IML were observed in sham-operated or intact rats. The BDA-labeled fibers of neonatally spinalized rats formed varicose terminals on parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the IML. These findings suggest that some primary afferent projections from the L6 DRG to the IML appear after neonatal spinal cord transection, and these de novo projections might contribute to the recovery of autonomic function such as micturition following spinal cord injury in the neonatal stage.
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Sasaoka K, Nakamura K, Osuga T, Morita T, Yokoyama N, Morishita K, Sasaki N, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Examination in Dogs with Suspected Intracranial Hypertension Caused by Neurologic Diseases. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 32:314-323. [PMID: 29265506 PMCID: PMC5787153 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcranial Doppler ultrasound examination (TCD) is a rapid, noninvasive technique used to evaluate cerebral blood flow and is useful for the detection of intracranial hypertension in humans. However, the clinical usefulness of TCD in diagnosing intracranial hypertension has not been demonstrated for intracranial diseases in dogs. Objectives To determine the association between the TCD variables and intracranial hypertension in dogs with intracranial diseases. Animals Fifty client‐owned dogs with neurologic signs. Methods Cross‐sectional study. All dogs underwent TCD of the basilar artery under isoflurane anesthesia after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dogs were classified into 3 groups based on MRI findings: no structural diseases (group I), structural disease without MRI evidence of intracranial hypertension (group II), and structural disease with MRI evidence of intracranial hypertension (group III). The TCD vascular resistance variables (resistive index [RI], pulsatility index [PI], and the ratio of systolic to diastolic mean velocity [Sm/Dm]) were measured. Results Fifteen, 22, and 13 dogs were classified into groups I, II, and III, respectively. Dogs in group III had significantly higher Sm/Dm (median, 1.78; range, 1.44–2.58) than those in group I (median, 1.63; range, 1.43–1.75) and group II (median, 1.62; range, 1.27–2.10). No significant differences in RI and PI were identified among groups. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our findings suggest that increased Sm/Dm is associated with MRI findings of suspected intracranial hypertension in dogs with intracranial diseases and that TCD could be a useful tool to help to diagnose intracranial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sasaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Matsuyama A, Takagi S, Hosoya K, Kagawa Y, Nakamura K, Deguchi T, Takiguchi M. Impact of surgical margins on survival of 37 dogs with massive hepatocellular carcinoma. N Z Vet J 2017; 65:227-231. [PMID: 28441916 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2017.1319304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the survival of dogs with completely resected massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of dogs in which HCC were incompletely excised. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Dogs that underwent surgical excision of massive HCC between November 2006 and April 2015 were included. Dogs that died in the perioperative period or were lost to follow-up within 2 months after surgery were excluded. Data were collected from the medical records and a single pathologist examined all available histology slides to confirm the diagnosis of HCC. Surgical margins were defined as complete if no neoplastic cells were seen at the edge of excised tissues, based on original histopathology reports. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between dogs with complete surgical margins (CM) and those with incomplete margins (IM) using a log-rank test. RESULTS Of the 37 dogs included in the study, 25 were allocated to the CM group and 12 to the IM group. Progressive local disease developed after surgery in three dogs in the CM group and seven dogs in the IM group. Three dogs in the CM group and five dogs in the IM group died due to tumour progression. Median PFS was longer for dogs in the CM group (1,000 (95% CI=562-1,438) days) compared to dogs in the IM group (521 (95% CI=243-799) days; p=0.007). OS was also longer for dogs in the CM group (>1,836 days) compared to those in the IM group (median 765 (95% CI=474-1,056) days; p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Compared with complete resection, incomplete resection decreased PFS and OS in dogs with massive HCC. Dogs with incompletely excised HCC should be closely monitored for local recurrence, although median OS was >2 years following incomplete excision. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matsuyama
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - S Takagi
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - K Hosoya
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Y Kagawa
- b North Lab Inc. , 8-35 Hondori 2-chome Kita, Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - T Deguchi
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Hokkaido University , Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
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Kaneda R, Takahashi T, Takiguchi M, Hijikata M, Ito H. Optical Properties of HDPE in Injection Molding and Injection Press Molding for IR System Lenses Part II: Mold Temperature and Surface Roughness Effects on Injection Molding. INT POLYM PROC 2017. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An experimental investigation of injection molding was conducted to assess the high infrared radiation (IR) transmittance with an opaque state (low visibility ray (VR) transmittance) necessary for IR system lenses as a target high-density polyethylene (HDPE) IR transmission material. In our earlier investigation, experimental investigations of injection molding and injection press molding were conducted using the mold cavity of a disk-shaped finished mirror-like surface. For high mold temperature and long cooling time, the increased core-layer thickness improved the IR transmittance. Simultaneously, the VR transmittance decreased because the crystallinity became higher. Furthermore, when injection press molding was done, the VR transmittance decreased because the crystallinity increased. Using a 0.5-mm-thick mold cavity with disk shapes having different surface roughness, an injection molding experiment was conducted for this study while changing only the mold temperature of 20 to 80°C. Results show that when the mold surface roughness became high, the surface roughness of molded parts became high, too. Thereby the IR and VR transmittance were decreased. However, when the mold temperature was high, the influences of the so-called skin-core structure and crystallinity were stronger than the influence of the surface roughness of molded parts. The IR transmittance increased because of the decrease of the skin layer. Furthermore, the VR transmittance decreased because of a simultaneous rise of the crystallinity. The minimum value of obtained VR transmittance was 9.3% at mold temperature of 80°C using a mold of the highest surface roughness. This molded part reached an opaque state. Furthermore, a higher IR transmittance of 64.9% was obtained. When injection molding was conducted using a mold of a mirror-like surface with the same conditions as those in this investigation in our earlier investigation, the obtained IR and VR transmittances were 65.4% and 0.6%, respectively. Consequently, when the mold temperature was high, a few differences were found with transmittance of the molded parts using the mold of the mirror-like surface. Results showed that no difficulty arises when a mold having higher surface roughness is used at a higher mold temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Kaneda
- Department of Precision Machining and Metal Engineering , Yamagata Research Institute of Technology, Yamagata , Japan
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science , Yamagata University, Yamagata , Japan
| | - T. Takahashi
- Department of Precision Machining and Metal Engineering , Yamagata Research Institute of Technology, Yamagata , Japan
| | - M. Takiguchi
- Department of Development , Chino Corporation Yamagata Factory, Yamagata , Japan
| | - M. Hijikata
- Department of Development , Chino Corporation Yamagata Factory, Yamagata , Japan
| | - H. Ito
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science , Yamagata University, Yamagata , Japan
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Morishita K, Hiramoto A, Michishita A, Takagi S, Osuga T, Lim SY, Nakamura K, Sasaki N, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Washout Ratio in the Hepatic Vein Measured by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography to Distinguish Between Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Hepatic Disorders in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:770-777. [PMID: 28382699 PMCID: PMC5435075 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Perflubutane microbubbles, a second‐generation ultrasound contrast agent, are phagocytized by Kupffer cells. This characteristic may be useful to differentiate diffuse hepatic diseases in dogs. Hypothesis/objectives To determine whether the washout ratio in the hepatic vein (HV) measured by contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) can distinguish between inflammatory and noninflammatory hepatic disorders in dogs. Animals Forty‐one client‐owned dogs with hepatic disorders including 14 with hepatitis, 7 with primary hypoplasia of the portal vein (PHPV), 9 with congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS), and 11 with other hepatopathy were enrolled. Six dogs without hepatic disease also were evaluated as healthy controls. Methods Dogs with hepatic disorders were prospectively included. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography of the HV was performed for 2 minutes. Washout ratio was defined as the attenuation rate from peak intensity to the intensity at the end of the CEUS study. Results Washout ratio in the hepatitis group (median, 18.0%; range, 2.0–37.0%) was significantly lower than that of the PHPV (median, 52.2%; range, 11.5–86.3%), cPSS (median, 60.0%; range, 28.6–77.4%), other hepatopathy (median, 70.5%; range, 26.6–88.4%), and normal (median, 78.0%; range, 60.7–91.7%) groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for hepatitis was 0.960, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.853–0.990. Washout ratio ≤37.1% resulted in a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 78.5–100%) and specificity of 85.2% (95% CI, 67.5–94.1%) for the prediction of hepatitis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Washout ratio can distinguish hepatitis from the other noninflammatory disorders with high accuracy. This result might reflect impaired Kupffer cell phagocytosis in dogs with hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Morishita
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - A Michishita
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Takagi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Y Lim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K Nakamura
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Ohta H, Morita T, Yokoyama N, Osuga T, Sasaki N, Morishita K, Nakamura K, Takiguchi M. Serial measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration in dogs with immune-mediated disease treated with prednisolone. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58:342-347. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - T. Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - N. Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - T. Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - N. Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - K. Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - K. Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
| | - M. Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0818 Japan
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Nakamura K, Kawamoto S, Osuga T, Morita T, Sasaki N, Morishita K, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Left Atrial Strain at Different Stages of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:316-325. [PMID: 28145607 PMCID: PMC5354021 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Decreased function of the left atrium (LA) is a useful prognostic indicator in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). In humans, LA strain is a novel severity indicator of mitral regurgitation, but its clinical utility in dogs has not been confirmed. Objectives To examine whether LA strain as evaluated with speckle‐tracking echocardiography is associated with MMVD stage in dogs. Animals Fifty‐two client‐owned dogs with MMVD. Methods Cross‐sectional study. Dogs were classified as stage B1, B2, C, or D, according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus. Physical examination findings and echocardiographic variables were compared among the groups. To assess the comparative accuracy of echocardiographic variables in identifying dogs with the presence or history congestive heart failure (CHF), receiver operating characteristic curves and multivariate logistic analysis were used. Results There were no significant differences in parameters of LA strain between B1 and B2 groups. However, LA longitudinal strain during atrial contraction (εA) (median, 19.1%; interquartile range, 15.3–24.3% in B1, 19.6%; 14.1–21.4% in B2, 6.2%; 3.18–11.2% in C/D) and during ventricular systole (εS) (32.7%; 28.9–39.2% in B1, 35.6%; 31.7–41.9% in B2, 23.6%; 16.9–26.1% in C/D) were significantly lower in stages C/D than in stages B1 and B2. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, εA and peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity were identified as independent indicators of stage C/D. Conclusions and Clinical Importance εA was the best predictor of the presence or history of CHF. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical implications of these findings for treatment decisions and prognosis determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Yokoyama N, Ohta H, Yamazaki J, Kagawa Y, Ichii O, Khoirun N, Morita T, Osuga T, Lim SY, Sasaki N, Morishita K, Nakamura K, Takiguchi M. Localization of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 mRNA in the Colorectal Mucosa of Miniature Dachshunds with Inflammatory Colorectal Polyps. J Comp Pathol 2017; 156:183-190. [PMID: 28089357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) are characterized by the formation of multiple or solitary polyps with marked neutrophil infiltration in the colorectal area, and are speculated to be a novel form of breed-specific canine idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In human IBD, toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the colorectal mucosa of dogs with ICRPs by in-situ hybridization using an RNAscope assay. Samples of inflamed colorectal mucosa (n = 5) and non-inflamed mucosa (n = 5) from miniature dachshunds (MDs) with ICRPs and colonic mucosa from healthy beagles (n = 5) were examined. TLR2 and TLR4 hybridization signals were localized to the colorectal epithelium, inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in the inflamed colorectal mucosa of affected dogs. The signals were significantly greater in inflamed colorectal epithelium compared with non-inflamed epithelium of MDs with ICRPs and healthy beagles (P <0.05). These results suggest that increased expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the inflamed colorectal mucosa results from not only inflammatory cell infiltration, but also the upregulation of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the colonic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - J Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Kagawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Sapporo, Japan
| | - O Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Khoirun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Y Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Sapporo, Japan.
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Kaneda R, Takahashi T, Takiguchi M, Hijikata M, Ito H. Optical Properties of HDPE in Injection Molding and Injection Press Molding for IR System Lenses. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To obtain the “high infrared radiation (IR) transmittance and low visible ray (VR) transmittance” necessary for a high-performance IR lens, cavity thickness and molding conditions were investigated experimentally for disk-shaped high-density polyethylene (HDPE). When injection molding and injection press molding were done using different cavity thicknesses, results showed that the molded part using the thinner cavity thickness maintained a semitransparent state. Simultaneously, they showed that higher IR transmittance was obtained. For high mold temperature and long cooling time, the increased core-layer thickness improved the IR transmittance. The VR transmittance decreased because crystallinity became higher. Furthermore, when injection press molding was conducted, the VR transmittance decreased because crystallinity became higher. IR transmittance and VR transmittance were obtained respectively as 65.4% and 6.4% when injection press molding was conducted at higher mold temperatures with longer cooling times.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Kaneda
- Department of Precision Machining and Metal Engineering , Yamagata Research Institute of Technology, Yamagata , Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Yamagata University, Yamagata , Japan
| | - T. Takahashi
- Department of Precision Machining and Metal Engineering , Yamagata Research Institute of Technology, Yamagata , Japan
| | - M. Takiguchi
- Department of Development , Chino Corporation, Yamagata Factory, Yamagata , Japan
| | - M. Hijikata
- Department of Development , Chino Corporation, Yamagata Factory, Yamagata , Japan
| | - H. Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Yamagata University, Yamagata , Japan
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Nakamura K, Morita T, Osuga T, Morishita K, Sasaki N, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Tei Index in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valvular Heart Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:69-75. [PMID: 26789419 PMCID: PMC4913668 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The right ventricular (RV) Tei index (TX) has a significant correlation with the severity of pulmonary hypertension. However, the role of RV dysfunction in dogs with myxomatous mitral valvular heart disease (MMVD) has not been addressed. OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation between right ventricular Tei-index (RVTX) and the prognosis for dogs with MMVD. ANIMALS Thirty client-owned dogs with MMVD. METHODS Clinical cohort study. Dogs were divided into two groups on the basis of the onset of cardiac-related death within 1 year of the first echocardiographic examination. Physical examination and echocardiographic variables were compared between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic analysis were used to assess the comparative accuracy when identifying dogs with cardiac-related death. RESULTS The highest accuracy was obtained for RVTX with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81-0.99) followed by the left atrial to aortic root ratio with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.74-0.98), peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity with an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI 0.64-0.94), and Doppler estimates of systolic pulmonary artery pressure with an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI 0.61-0.95). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, RVTX was the only independent correlate of cardiac-related death within 1 year. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Right ventricular Tei-index has a strong correlation with the prognosis for dogs with MMVD. The most significant independent predictor of death was RVTX in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Osuga T, Nakamura K, Morita T, Lim SY, Nisa K, Yokoyama N, Sasaki N, Morishita K, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Vitamin D Status in Different Stages of Disease Severity in Dogs with Chronic Valvular Heart Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1518-23. [PMID: 26332427 PMCID: PMC4895654 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In humans with heart disease, vitamin D deficiency is associated with disease progression and a poor prognosis. A recent study showed that serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, the hallmark of vitamin D status, was lower in dogs with heart failure than in normal dogs, and a low concentration was associated with poor outcome in dogs with heart failure. Objectives To elucidate the vitamin D status of dogs with chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD) at different stages of disease severity. Animals Forty‐three client‐owned dogs with CVHD. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, dogs were divided into 3 groups (14 dogs in Stage B1, 17 dogs in Stage B2, and 12 dogs in Stage C/D) according to ACVIM guidelines. Dogs underwent clinical examination including echocardiography. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in each dog. Results Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in Stage B2 (median, 33.2 nmol/L; range, 4.9–171.7 nmol/L) and C/D (13.1 nmol/L; 4.9–58.1 nmol/L) than in Stage B1 (52.5 nmol/L; 33.5–178.0 nmol/L) and was not significantly different between Stage B2 and Stage C/D. Among clinical variables, there were significant negative correlations between 25(OH)D concentration and both left atrial‐to‐aortic root ratio and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter normalized for body weight. Conclusions and Clinical Importance These results indicate that vitamin D status is associated with the degree of cardiac remodeling, and the serum 25(OH)D concentration begins to decrease before the onset of heart failure in dogs with CVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Y Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Nisa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - K Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Takiguchi M, Atobe Y, Kadota T, Funakoshi K. Compensatory projections of primary sensory fibers in lumbar spinal cord after neonatal thoracic spinal transection in rats. Neuroscience 2015. [PMID: 26208841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Complete spinal transection in adult rats results in poor recovery of hind limb function, whereas significant spontaneous recovery can occur following spinal cord transection in rat neonates. The mechanisms underlying the recovery, however, are poorly understood. Recent studies in rodents suggested that the recovery is not due to axonal regeneration, but rather due to reorganization of the neural circuits in the spinal cord below the injury site, including central pattern generators. Few studies have reported histological evidence for changes in the primary sensory fibers or terminals. Thus, in the present study, we transected spinal cords of rats at thoracic level 8 at postnatal day 5. Four weeks after the injury, biotinylated-dextran amine (BDA), an anterograde tracer, was injected into the dorsal root ganglion of the lumbar spinal cord to examine the localization of sensory fibers and their terminal buttons in the spinal cord. BDA-positive axons in the rat spinal cord following neonatal spinal transection (neo ST) were longer than those in sham-operated or normal rats. The number of terminal buttons was also higher in spinal cords of neo ST rats compared with sham-operated or normal rats. These findings suggest that sensory fibers project more strongly and make more synapses following neo ST to compensate for the lack of supraspinal projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takiguchi
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Y Atobe
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
| | - T Kadota
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
| | - K Funakoshi
- Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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Tazawa T, Kamiya Y, Kobayashi A, Saeki K, Takiguchi M, Nakahashi Y, Shinbori H, Funakoshi K, Goto T. Spinal cord stimulation modulates supraspinal centers of the descending antinociceptive system in rats with unilateral spinal nerve injury. Mol Pain 2015; 11:36. [PMID: 26104415 PMCID: PMC4479321 DOI: 10.1186/s12990-015-0039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The descending antinociceptive system (DAS) is thought to play crucial roles in the antinociceptive effect of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), especially through its serotonergic pathway. The nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) in the rostral ventromedial medulla is a major source of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] to the DAS, but the role of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in the ventral periaqueductal gray matter is still unclear. Moreover, the influence of the noradrenergic pathway is largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the involvement of these serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways in SCS-induced antinociception by behavioral analysis of spinal nerve-ligated (SNL) rats. We also investigated immunohistochemical changes in the DRN and locus coeruleus (LC), regarded as the adrenergic center of the DAS, and expression changes of synthetic enzymes of 5-HT [tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH)] and norepinephrine [dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH)] in the spinal dorsal horn. RESULTS Intrathecally administered methysergide, a 5-HT1- and 5-HT2-receptor antagonist, and idazoxan, an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, equally abolished the antinociceptive effect of SCS. The numbers of TPH-positive serotonergic and phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element binding protein (pCREB)-positive neurons and percentage of pCREB-positive serotonergic neurons in the DRN significantly increased after 3-h SCS. Further, the ipsilateral-to-contralateral immunoreactivity ratio of DβH increased in the LC of SNL rats and reached the level seen in naïve rats, even though the number of pCREB-positive neurons in the LC was unchanged by SNL and SCS. Moreover, 3-h SCS did not increase the expression levels of TPH and DβH in the spinal dorsal horn. CONCLUSIONS The serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways of the DAS are involved in the antinociceptive effect of SCS, but activation of the DRN might primarily be responsible for this effect, and the LC may have a smaller contribution. SCS does not potentiate the synthetic enzymes of 5HT and norepinephrine in the neuropathic spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Tazawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
- Pain Mechanism Research Group, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Kamiya
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
- Pain Mechanism Research Group, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Division of Anesthesiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Ayako Kobayashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Saeki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Masahito Takiguchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Nakahashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
- Pain Mechanism Research Group, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Shinbori
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Takahisa Goto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
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Mori M, Murakami T, Haraguchi Y, Nishiyori A, Takiguchi M. Structure and expression of genes for urea cycle enzymes. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 92:218-23. [PMID: 1756644 DOI: 10.1159/000420101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Mori
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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Lim S, Nakamura K, Morishita K, Sasaki N, Murakami M, Osuga T, Yokoyama N, Ohta H, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi M. Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic assessment of naturally occurring pancreatitis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:71-8. [PMID: 25270302 PMCID: PMC4858112 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in experimentally induced canine pancreatitis. However, its usefulness in detecting perfusion changes in naturally occurring pancreatitis is unclear. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of using CEUS to detect pancreatic and duodenal perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis. ANIMALS Twenty-three client-owned dogs with pancreatitis, 12 healthy control dogs. METHODS Dogs diagnosed with pancreatitis were prospectively included. CEUS of the pancreas and duodenum were performed. Time-intensity curves were created from regions of interest in the pancreas and duodenum. Five perfusion parameters were obtained for statistical analyses: time to initial up-slope, peak time (Tp), time to wash-out (TTW), peak intensity (PI), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS For the pancreas, Tp of the pancreatitis group was prolonged when compared to controls (62 ± 11 seconds versus 39 ± 13 seconds; P < .001). TTW also was prolonged but not significantly (268 ± 69 seconds versus 228 ± 47 seconds; P = .47). PI and AUC were increased when compared to controls (95 ± 15 versus 78 ± 13 MPV; P = .009 and 14,900 ± 3,400 versus 11,000 ± 2,800 MPV*s; P = .013, respectively). For the duodenum, PI and AUC were significantly increased in the pancreatitis group when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis characterized by delayed peak with prolonged hyperechoic enhancement of the pancreas on CEUS. Additionally, duodenal perfusion changes secondary to pancreatitis were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.Y. Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - K. Nakamura
- Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching HospitalGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - K. Morishita
- Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching HospitalGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - N. Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Murakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - T. Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - N. Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - H. Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
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Nakamura K, Osuga T, Morishita K, Suzuki S, Morita T, Yokoyama N, Ohta H, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi M. Prognostic value of left atrial function in dogs with chronic mitral valvular heart disease. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:1746-52. [PMID: 25327889 PMCID: PMC4895618 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A strong correlation between left atrial (LA) dysfunction and the severity of cardiac disease has been described in human patients with various cardiac diseases. The role of LA dysfunction in dogs with chronic mitral valvular heart disease (CMVHD) has not been addressed. Objectives To investigate the correlation between LA function and the prognosis of dogs with CMVHD. Animals Thirty‐eight client‐owned dogs with CMVHD. Methods Prospective clinical cohort study. Dogs were divided into 2 groups (survivors and nonsurvivors) based on the onset of cardiac‐related death within 1 year. Physical examination and echocardiographic variables were compared between the groups. For the assessment of the comparative accuracy in identifying patients with cardiac‐related death, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic analysis were used. Results The highest accuracy was obtained for the LA active fractional area change (LA‐FACact), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95, followed by the left atrial to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao), with an AUC of 0.94; peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E), with an AUC of 0.85; and LA total fractional area change (LA‐FACtotal), with an AUC of 0.85. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, LA‐FACact emerged as the only independent correlate of cardiac‐related death within 1 year (odds ratio = 1.401, P = .002). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Regarding both the size and function, the LA has a strong correlation with the prognosis of dogs with CMVHD. The most significant independent predictor of mortality in this study was LA‐FACact.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Birowosuto MD, Zhang G, Yokoo A, Takiguchi M, Notomi M. Spontaneous emission inhibition of telecom-band quantum disks inside single nanowire on different substrates. Opt Express 2014; 22:11713-11726. [PMID: 24921294 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.011713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the inhibited spontaneous emission of telecom-band InAs quantum disks (Qdisks) in InP nanowires (NWs). We have evaluated how the inhibition is affected by different disk diameter and thickness. We also compared the inhibition in standing InP NWs and those NWs laying on silica (SiO(2)), and silicon (Si) substrates. We found that the inhibition is altered when we put the NW on the high-refractive-index materials of Si. Experimentally, the inhibition factor ζ of the Qdisk emission at 1,500 nm decreases from 4.6 to 2.5 for NW on SiO(2) and Si substrates, respectively. Those inhibitions are even much smaller than that of 6.4 of the standing NW. The inhibition factors well agree with those calculated from the coupling of the Qdisk to the fundamental guided mode and the continuum of radiative modes. Our observation can be useful for the integration of the NW as light sources in the photonic nanodevices.
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Lim S, Nakamura K, Morishita K, Sasaki N, Murakami M, Osuga T, Ohta H, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi M. Qualitative and quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic assessment of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:496-503. [PMID: 24612403 PMCID: PMC4858020 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is the most common disease of the canine exocrine pancreas, and accurate noninvasive diagnosis is challenging. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine the feasibility of using quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to detect pancreatic perfusional changes in cerulein‐induced AP in dogs. Animals Six adult female Beagles. Methods Each dog received 2 hours of IV infusion with 7.5 μg/kg/h of cerulein diluted in saline. As control, all dogs received 2 hours of IV infusion of saline 2 weeks before cerulein infusion. CEUS of the pancreas and duodenum were performed before (0 hour), and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 hours after saline and cerulein infusion. Time‐intensity curves were created from regions of interest in the pancreas and duodenum. Five perfusional parameters were measured for statistical analysis: time to initial up‐slope, peak time, time to wash‐out, peak intensity (PI), and area under the curve (AUC). Results In cerulein‐induced AP, pancreatic PI increased at 2 and 4 hours when compared to 0 hour, and at 2, 4, and 6 hours when compared to control. AUC increased at 4 hours when compared to 0 hour, and at 2 and 4 hours when compared to control. Time to wash‐out was prolonged at 4 hours when compared to control. For saline control, peak time was faster at 2 hours when compared to 0 hour. Conclusions and Clinical Importance CEUS parameters PI and AUC can provide useful information in differentiating acute pancreatitis from normal pancreas. Cerulein‐induced AP was characterized by prolonged hyperechoic enhancement on CEUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.Y. Lim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - K. Nakamura
- Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching HospitalGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - K. Morishita
- Hokkaido University Veterinary Teaching HospitalGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - N. Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Murakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - T. Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - H. Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
| | - M. Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal MedicineGraduate School of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversityHokkaidoJapan
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Sato M, Abe Y, Yamaguchi O, Takiguchi M, Fujii N, Moriya H, Ishibashi T. Identification of thrombus in left atrial appendage by 320-row ADCT is superior beyond CHADS2 score for initiating anticoagulation treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Watanabe K, Murakoshi H, Koyanagi M, Tamura Y, Maruyama R, Chikata T, Gatanaga H, Oka S, Takiguchi M. Cross-clade CTL recognitions for clade B and A/E viruses in A/E virus-infected Japanese individuals. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441332 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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35
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Murakoshi H, Koyanagi M, Gatanaga H, Naruto T, Oka S, Takiguchi M. Control of HIV-1 by multiple immunodominant HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in HIV-1-infected Japanese individuals. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442016 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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36
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Chikata T, Carlson JM, Tamura Y, Brumme ZL, Naruto T, Hashimoto M, Borghan MA, John M, Mallal S, Gatanaga H, Oka S, Takiguchi M. HLA-associated viral polymorphism in chronically HIV-1-infected Japanese cohort: analysis of four-digit HLA allele level. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441299 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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37
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Sun X, Fujiwara M, Kuse N, Oka S, Takiguchi M. Different abilities of CTL specific for two HLA-A*24:02-restricted overlapping optimal epitopes to select same HIV-1 escape mutant virus. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441617 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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38
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Koyanagi M, Honda K, Chikata T, Akahoshi T, Murakoshi H, Gatanaga H, Oka S, Takiguchi M. The impact of HLA-Cw*12:02 on control of HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441436 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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39
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Soyfoo MS, Konno A, Bolaky N, Oak JS, Fruman D, Nicaise C, Takiguchi M, Delporte C. Link between inflammation and aquaporin-5 distribution in submandibular gland in Sjögren's syndrome? Oral Dis 2012; 18:568-74. [PMID: 22320885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a link exists between inflammation and aquaporin-5 distribution in submandibular glands from three animal models for Sjögren's syndrome: IQI/JIC, r1ΔT/r2n and non-obese diabetic mice. METHODS Mice of different ages were used. Inflammatory infiltrates were quantified using the focus score. Acinar aquaporin-5 subcellular distribution was determined by immunohistochemistry and quantified using labelling indices. RESULTS Minor inflammatory infiltrates were present in r1f/r2n mice. Massive inflammatory infiltrates and acinar destruction were observed in 24-week-old non-obese diabetic mice, 10-and 13-month-old IQI/JIC mice and some r1ΔT/r2n mice. Aquaporin-5 immunoreactivity was primarily apical in submandibular glands from 8- and 24-week-old Balb/C mice, 8-week-old non-obese diabetic mice, 2-, 4- and 7-month-old IQI/JIC mice and r1f/r2n mice. In contrast, decreased apical aquaporin-5 labelling index with concomitant increased apical-basolateral, apical-cytoplasmic and/or apical-basolateral-cytoplasmic aquaporin-5 labelling indices was observed in 24-week-old non-obese diabetic, 10- and 13-month-old IQI/JIC and r1ΔT/r2n mice with a focus score≥1. CONCLUSIONS Altered aquaporin-5 distribution in submandibular acinar cells from IQI/JIC, non-obese diabetic and r1ΔT/r2n mice with a focus score≥1 appears to be concomitant to the presence of inflammatory infiltrates and acinar destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Soyfoo
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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40
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Ichii O, Yabuki A, Sasaki N, Otsuka S, Ohta H, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi M, Namiki Y, Hashimoto Y, Endoh D, Kon Y. Pathological correlations between podocyte injuries and renal functions in canine and feline chronic kidney diseases. Histol Histopathol 2011; 26:1243-55. [PMID: 21870328 DOI: 10.14670/hh-26.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes cover the glomerulus and their adjacent foot processes form a principal barrier called the slit diaphragm. Podocyte dysfunctions, including podocyte loss and slit diaphragm disruptions, induce chronic kidney diseases (CKD). In this study, we analyzed the correlations between podocyte injuries and renal dysfunctions in domestic carnivores. Dogs and cats were divided into normal and CKD groups according to renal histopathology and plasma creatinine values. Immunostaining results showed that linear reactions of slit diaphragm molecules, e.g., nephrin, podocin, and ACTN4, were parallel to glomerular capillaries in all animals. However, in dogs, reactions of nephrin and ACTN4 were changed to a granular pattern in the CKD group, and their intensities significantly decreased with the number of podocytes in the glomerulus. Moreover, the expression of nephrin and ACTN4 negatively correlated with creatinine. Real-time PCR analysis showed that nephrin mRNA expression in the kidneys of CKD dogs was significantly lower than that in normal animals, and negatively correlated with creatinine. Although no significant correlation between renal dysfunction and podocyte injury was detected in cats, histoplanimetric scores of tubulointerstitial lesions in CKD cats were higher than those in both normal cats and diseased dogs. Furthermore, mRNAs of WT1 and SD molecules were detected in urine from CKD animals. In conclusion, podocyte injuries such as podocytopenia and decreased expression of nephrin and ACTN4 in the glomerulus were more strongly correlated with renal dysfunction in dogs than in cats. These findings suggest that the CKD pathogenesis, especially susceptibilities to podocyte injuries, differed between dogs and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Nakamura K, Yamasaki M, Ohta H, Sasaki N, Murakami M, Bandula Kumara WR, Takiguchi M. Effects of sildenafil citrate on five dogs with Eisenmenger's syndrome. J Small Anim Pract 2011; 52:595-8. [PMID: 21985577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of sildenafil for dogs with Eisenmeger's syndrome and secondary erythrocytosis. METHODS This is a prospective, single arm, open-label study. Five clinical dogs with Eisenmeger's syndrome and secondary erythrocytosis were included. New York Heart Association functional class, packed cell volume, pulmonary artery acceleration time to ejection time ratio and serum erythropoietin concentration were evaluated before and after sildenafil therapy (0·5 mg/kg, twice a day). RESULTS New York Heart Association functional class was significantly improved after one (median 2; range 1 to 2, P=0·031) and three months (median 2; range 1 to 2, P=0·031) of sildenafil therapy, compared with the baseline (median 3, range 2 to 3). Packed cell volume was significantly decreased after three months (median 59%; range 56 to 63, P=0·031) of therapy, compared with the baseline (median 71%; range 58 to 74). Acceleration time to ejection time ratio had increased and serum erythropoietin concentration had decreased particularly after 1 month of therapy, but there was no statistical significance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Sildenafil improved the clinical signs and secondary erythrocytosis in dogs with Eisenmeger's syndrome. Sildenafil therapy could be a useful treatment for dogs with Eisenmeger's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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Yoshikawa A, Atobe Y, Takeda A, Kamiya Y, Takiguchi M, Funakoshi K. A Retrograde Tracing Study of Compensatory Corticospinal Projections in Rats with Neonatal Hemidecortication. Dev Neurosci 2011; 33:539-47. [DOI: 10.1159/000335526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Takiguchi M, James C, Josefsson EC, Carmichael CL, Premsrirut PK, Lowe SW, Hamilton JR, Huang DCS, Kile BT, Dickins RA. Transgenic, inducible RNAi in megakaryocytes and platelets in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:2751-6. [PMID: 21138522 PMCID: PMC3285240 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.04077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for suppressing gene function. The tetracycline (tet)-regulated expression system has recently been adapted to allow inducible RNAi in mice, however its efficiency in a particular cell type in vivo depends on a transgenic tet transactivator expression pattern and is often highly variable. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish a transgenic strategy that allows efficient and inducible gene knockdown in particular hematopoietic lineages in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a tet-regulated reporter gene strategy, we found that transgenic mice expressing the rtTA (tet-on) transactivator under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (CMV-rtTA mice) display inducible reporter gene expression with unusual and near-complete efficiency in megakaryocytes and platelets. To test whether the CMV-rtTA transgene can drive inducible and efficient gene knockdown within this lineage, we generated a novel mouse strain harboring a tet-regulated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Bcl-x(L) , a pro-survival Bcl-2 family member known to be essential for maintaining platelet survival. Doxycycline treatment of adult mice carrying both transgenes induces shRNA expression, depletes Bcl-x(L) in megakaryocytes and triggers severe thrombocytopenia, whereas doxycycline withdrawal shuts off shRNA expression, normalizes Bcl-x(L) levels and restores platelet numbers. These effects are akin to those observed with drugs that target Bcl-x(L) , clearly demonstrating that this transgenic system allows efficient and inducible inhibition of genes in megakaryocytes and platelets. CONCLUSIONS We have established a novel transgenic strategy for inducible gene knockdown in megakaryocytes and platelets that will be useful for characterizing genes involved in platelet production and function in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takiguchi
- Molecular Medicine Division Chemical Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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Kazuki Y, Hoshiya H, Takiguchi M, Abe S, Iida Y, Osaki M, Katoh M, Hiratsuka M, Shirayoshi Y, Hiramatsu K, Ueno E, Kajitani N, Yoshino T, Kazuki K, Ishihara C, Takehara S, Tsuji S, Ejima F, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Larionov V, Kouprina N, Oshimura M. Refined human artificial chromosome vectors for gene therapy and animal transgenesis. Gene Ther 2010; 18:384-93. [PMID: 21085194 PMCID: PMC3125098 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) have several advantages as gene therapy vectors, including stable episomal maintenance, and the ability to carry large gene inserts. We previously developed HAC vectors from the normal human chromosomes using a chromosome engineering technique. However, endogenous genes were remained in these HACs, limiting their therapeutic applications. In this study, we refined a HAC vector without endogenous genes from human chromosome 21 in homologous recombination-proficient chicken DT40 cells. The HAC was physically characterized using a transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning strategy followed by sequencing of TAR-bacterial artificial chromosome clones. No endogenous genes were remained in the HAC. We demonstrated that any desired gene can be cloned into the HAC using the Cre-loxP system in Chinese hamster ovary cells, or a homologous recombination system in DT40 cells. The HAC can be efficiently transferred to other type of cells including mouse ES cells via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. The transferred HAC was stably maintained in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, tumor cells containing a HAC carrying the suicide gene, herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK), were selectively killed by ganciclovir in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this novel HAC vector may be useful not only for gene and cell therapy, but also for animal transgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kazuki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Nakamura K, Sasaki N, Murakami M, Bandula Kumara WR, Ohta H, Yamasaki M, Takagi S, Osaki T, Takiguchi M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for characterization of focal splenic lesions in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24:1290-7. [PMID: 21039867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0609.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with perflubutane microbubbles improves the diagnostic accuracy to differentiate benign and malignant focal liver lesions in dogs. HYPOTHESIS Perflubutane microbubbles-enhanced ultrasonography is useful for differentiation of benign from malignant focal splenic lesions in dogs. ANIMALS Twenty-nine clinical dogs with single or multiple focal splenic lesions detected by conventional ultrasonography. METHODS Prospective clinical observational study. Perflubutane microbubbles-enhanced ultrasonography was performed in 29 dogs with focal splenic lesions. Qualitative assessment of the enhancement pattern was performed in the early vascular, late vascular, and parenchymal phases. RESULTS In the early vascular phase, a hypoechoic pattern was significantly associated with malignancy (P=.02) with sensitivity of 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25-38%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 84-100%). In the late vascular phase, a hypoechoic pattern was significantly associated with malignancy (P=.001) with sensitivity of 81% (95% CI, 66-90%) and specificity of 85% (95% CI, 65-95%). There was no significant difference between malignant and benign lesions during the parenchymal phase. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Hypoechoic splenic nodules in the early and late vascular phases with perflubutane microbubbles-enhanced ultrasonography are strongly suggestive of malignancy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Ikeda Y, Matsunaga Y, Takiguchi M, Ikeda MA. Expression of cyclin E in postmitotic neurons during development and in the adult mouse brain. Gene Expr Patterns 2010; 11:64-71. [PMID: 20863901 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin E, a member of the G1 cyclins, is essential for the G1/S transition of the cell cycle in cultured cells, but its roles in vivo are not fully defined. The present study characterized the spatiotemporal expression profile of cyclin E in two representative brain regions in the mouse, the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Western blotting showed that the levels of cyclin E increased towards adulthood. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed the distributions of cyclin E mRNA and protein were comparable in the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum. Immunohistochemistry for the proliferating cell marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) revealed that cyclin E was expressed by both proliferating and non-proliferating cells in the cerebral cortex at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and in the cerebellum at postnatal day 1 (P1). Subcellular localization in neurons was examined using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Cyclin E expression was nuclear in proliferating neuronal precursor cells but cytoplasmic in postmitotic neurons during embryonic development. Nuclear cyclin E expression in neurons remained faint in newborns, increased during postnatal development and was markedly decreased in adults. In various adult brain regions, cyclin E staining was more intense in the cytoplasm than in the nucleus in most neurons. These data suggest a role for cyclin E in the development and function of the mammalian central nervous system and that its subcellular localization in neurons is important. Our report presents the first detailed analysis of cyclin E expression in postmitotic neurons during development and in the adult mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Ikeda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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Sakai K, Gatanaga H, Oka S, Takiguchi M. P16-22. In impact of nadir CD4 counts on skewed distributions of functional subsets in peripheral CD4+ T cells in patients chronically infected with HIV-1. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767750 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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48
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Murakoshi H, Gatanaga H, Koyanagi M, Oka S, Takiguchi M. P16-06. Control of HIV-1 by HIV-1 Pol-specific CD8+ T cells in chronically HIV-1-infected Japanese cohort. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767732 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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49
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Okada R, Kondo T, Matsuki F, Takata H, Takiguchi M. Phenotypic classification of human CD4+ T cell subsets and their differentiation. Int Immunol 2008; 20:1189-99. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxn075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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50
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Kazuki Y, Hoshiya H, Kai Y, Abe S, Takiguchi M, Osaki M, Kawazoe S, Katoh M, Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Inoue K, Kajitani N, Yoshino T, Shirayoshi Y, Ogura A, Shinohara T, Barrett JC, Oshimura M. Correction of a genetic defect in multipotent germline stem cells using a human artificial chromosome. Gene Ther 2008; 15:617-24. [PMID: 18305578 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3303091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) have several advantages as gene therapy vectors, including stable episomal maintenance that avoids insertional mutations and the ability to carry large gene inserts including regulatory elements. Multipotent germline stem (mGS) cells have a great potential for gene therapy because they can be generated from an individual's testes, and when reintroduced can contribute to the specialized function of any tissue. As a proof of concept, we herein report the functional restoration of a genetic deficiency in mouse p53-/- mGS cells, using a HAC with a genomic human p53 gene introduced via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. The p53 phenotypes of gene regulation and radiation sensitivity were complemented by introducing the p53-HAC and the cells differentiated into several different tissue types in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the combination of using mGS cells with HACs provides a new tool for gene and cell therapies. The next step is to demonstrate functional restoration using animal models for future gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kazuki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
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