Experimental capabilities for liquid jet samples at sub-MHz rates at the FXE Instrument at European XFEL

The Femtosecond X-ray Experiments (FXE) instrument at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) provides an optimized platform for investigations of ultrafast physical, chemical and biological processes. It operates in the energy range 4.7-20 keV accommodating flexible and versatile environments for a wide range of samples using diverse ultrafast X-ray spectroscopic, scattering and diffraction techniques. FXE is particularly suitable for experiments taking advantage of the sub-MHz repetition rates provided by the EuXFEL. In this paper a dedicated setup for studies on ultrafast biological and chemical dynamics in solution phase at sub-MHz rates at FXE is presented. Particular emphasis on the different liquid jet sample delivery options and their performance is given. Our portfolio of high-speed jets compatible with sub-MHz experiments includes cylindrical jets, gas dynamic virtual nozzles and flat jets. The capability to perform multi-color X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) experiments is illustrated by a set of measurements using the dispersive X-ray spectrometer in von Hamos geometry. Static XES data collected using a multi-crystal scanning Johann-type spectrometer are also presented. A few examples of experimental results on ultrafast time-resolved X-ray emission spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray scattering at sub-MHz pulse repetition rates are given.

A review of recent developments in the application of machine learning in solar thermal collector modelling

Over the past few decades, the popularity of solar thermal collectors has increased dramatically because of many significant advantages like being a free, natural, environmentally friendly and permanent energy source. Today, developing and optimising different solar thermal energy systems are more important than before. Thus, there are various methods for investigating the performance of these systems, such as experimental, numerical and mathematical methods. One of the cutting-edge methods is artificial intelligence, which can predict key and effective parameters in solar collector efficiency. This review identified recent machine learning modelling, including multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), group method of data handling (GMDH), radial basis function (RBF), artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), support vector machine (SVM) and studies regarding different types of solar thermal collectors, namely non-concentration and concentration. Furthermore, it investigated the effect of various essential factors on the accuracy, potential issues and challenges facing the application of artificial intelligence in these systems. Finally, it will also be recommended opportunities for future research.

Providing an accurate global model for monthly solar radiation forecasting using artificial intelligence based on air quality index and meteorological data of different cities worldwide

This study aims to present an exact model for predicting solar radiation worldwide through a general model. In this study, mean monthly global solar radiation would have been predicted by applying artificial intelligence methods including artificial neural network, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system and hybrid genetic algorithm for different cities worldwide. Investigating different models under various situations showed that the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system created the most accurate and precise model for predicting solar radiation. Statistics indexes, such as the determination coefficient, mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error and mean bias error, for the best model selected are 0.999, 5.50E-04, 5.90E-05 and 0.425, respectively. It can be claimed that according to the amount of the statistical indexes, which was mentioned above, the provided model has approximately more formidable accuracy and credibility in comparison with other models, which other researchers did.

Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Viability of Sarcocystis spp. in Beef

Background: Sarcocystosis is one of the most distributed parasitic diseases over the world, caused by Sarcocystis spp. In this study, we assessed the effect of electron beam irradiation on the viability of Sarcocystis spp. in beef.  Methods: Experimental beef groups were irradiated by four different electron beam doses of 1, 2, 3, and 4 kGy, at intervals of 0 and 24 h after irradiation, then the samples were transferred inside a sterile microtube containing RNAlater solution and stored at -20 °C till next steps. RNA extractions and cDNA synthesis were done using the related kit in order to detect the presence of the 18S ribosomal RNA region. Relative quantification was carried out using SYBR Green Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16.0 by Tukey’s and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Irradiation at zero time was not effective on viability of Sarcocystis, but at 24 h, irradiation doses of 3 (p=0.003) and 4 kGy (p=0.008) caused a significant reduction in Sarcocystis viability. Irradiation doses of 1 and 2 kGy had no significant (p>0.05) effect on Sarcocystis viability reduction. Also, no significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between irradiation doses of 3 and 4 kGy. Conclusion: Electron beam radiation at dose of 3 kGy was effective as the optimal dose for the elimination of Sarcocystis spp. in beef. 

Investigation of traffic behavior in driving accidents in Azarshahr city drivers

Background:

Traffic accidents and losses caused by it are one of the current challenges of human societies that endanger the health of humans and impose a lot of economic costs on the economy of countries. One of the factors in driving accidents is human factors or driving behavior pattern. The pattern of driving behavior, like other human behavior, is influenced by a set of conscious and unconscious factors that are considered as the overall traffic behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate traffic behavior in driving accidents with Manchester driving behavior questionnaire among personal car drivers in Azarshahr city.

Methods:

This study is a research review. It is descriptive-analytic and the necessary information in this design through The Manchester driving behavior questionnaire was collected between 260 drivers. The research environment is the level of Azarshahr city and all the drivers. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.To evaluate the normal distribution of quantitative variables, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used and considering that the distribution of variables was not normal for analyzing the difference, Mann-Whitney Test and Spearman test were used for correlation analysis.

Results:

In this study, the Manchester Driving behavior questionnaire, four factors of slippage, intentional violations, errors, and intentional driving violations were clearly differentiated among personal car drivers. In the first factor, the mean score of 1.5, second factor (intentional violations) of 1.85, Third factor (errors) 1.34, the fourth factor (unintentional violation) 1.51.In addition, there was a significant difference in demographic variables between men and women in terms of age, driving history, daily driving hours, and accident number (P <0.001).

Conclusions:

The findings of this study confirmed that the results of intentional driving violations of the highest score and driving slippage are the second rank of driving behaviors among personal vehicles ' drivers in Azarshahr city.

Keywords:

Manchester questionnaire, Driving behavior, Personal vehicle drivers

Structure, isomerism, and vibrational assignment of aluminumtrifluoroacetylacetonate. An experimental and theoretical study

An interpretation of the experimental IR and Raman spectra of Aluminum (III) trifluoroacetylacetonate (Al(TFAA)3) complex, which were synthesized by us, is first reported here. The charge distribution, isomerism, strength of metal‑oxygen binding and vibrational spectral properties for this complex structure were theoretically investigated through population analysis, geometry optimization and harmonic frequency calculations, performed at B3LYP/6-311G* level of theory. In the population analysis, two different approaches reffered to as "Atoms in molecules (AIM)", and "Natural Bond Orbital (NBO)" were used. According to the calculation resuls, the energy difference between the cis and trans isomers of Al(TFAA)3 is very small and indicates that both isomers coexist in the sample in comparable proportions. Comparison of the calculated frequency and intensity data with the observed IR and Raman spectra of the complex has supported this conclusion. On the other hand, comparison of the structural and vibrational spectral data of Al(TFAA)3, which were experimentally measured and calculated at B3LYP/6-311G* level, with the corresponding data of Aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(AA)3) has revealed the effects of CF3 substitution on the structural and vibrational spectral data associated with the CH3 groups in the complex structure.

Determining Functional Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Elderly

BACKGROUND

Elevated concentration of serum total homocysteine usually occurs in vitamin B-12 deficiency. This metabolite can be measured and used for screening functional vitamin B-12 deficiency.

OBJECTIVES

We assessed functional vitamin B12 deficiency in Tehranian elderly admitted to elderly research center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences.

PATIENTS AND MATERIALS

A cross-sectional study was performed on 232 elderly admitted to elderly research center in Tehran, Iran in 2012. According to other studies, individuals were classified into two groups: high risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency (< 220 pmol/L) and borderline vitamin B-12 (220-258 pmol/L) accompanied by elevated homocysteine (> 15 micmol/L).

RESULTS

Cut-off of 15.0 pmol/L for homocysteine was identified for persons with normal or elevated concentrations. Among persons aged 65-74 and ≥ 75 years, respectively, 56% and 93% were at high risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of B12 deficiency was higher in this study compared to other studies, so more attention and massive efficacious policy should be designed to reduce the deficiency of this vitamin.

Conformation, molecular structure, and vibrational assignment of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionato)copper(II)

Conformational analysis, molecular structure, relative stability, and complete vibrational assignment of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionato)copper(II), Cu(tmhd)2, were investigated by density functional theory (DFT), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) theory and Atoms-in-Molecules (AIM) analysis. Fourier transform-Raman and IR spectra of this complex have been also recorded. The theoretical and experimental methods used to investigate the substitution effects of methyl groups by t-butyl (t-but) on the structure and stability of complex. To explore the substitution effects, the structure and vibrational spectra of Cu(tmhd)2 compared with copper(II) acetylacetonate, Cu(acac)2. A complete assignment of the observed band frequencies has been done. Comparing of observed and calculated vibrational spectra suggests coexisting of two conformers in the sample. All theoretical and vibrational spectroscopic results are consisting with a stronger metal-oxygen bond in Cu(tmhd)2 than in Cu(acac)2.

Theoretical study, and infrared and Raman spectra of copper(II) chelated complex with dibenzoylmethane

There are some discrepancies in both the vibrational assignments and in the metal-ligand (M-L) bond strengths predicted in the previous studies on the copper (II) chelated complex of dibenzoylmethane, Cu(dbm)2. Also, there is a lack of theoretical structure, Raman spectrum and full vibrational assignment for Cu(dbm)2 in the literatures. Density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level and also MP2 calculations using different basis sets, besides Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) and Atoms-in-Molecules (AIM) analyses, have been employed to investigate the effect of methyl substitution with the phenyl group on the stabilities of bis(acetylacetonate) copper (II), Cu(acac)2, and Cu(dbm)2 complexes and the electron delocalization in their chelated rings. Measured solid phase infrared and Raman bands for Cu(dbm)2 complex have been interpreted in terms of the calculated vibrational modes and detailed assignment has been presented. We concluded that, theoretically, the results of charge transfer studies, and experimentally, in-phase symmetric O-Cu-O stretching mode of these complexes are very useful measures for M-L bond strength. The electron delocalization in the chelated rings and the M-L bond strength in Cu(dbm)2 are concluded to be higher than those in Cu(acac)2. The calculated geometries and vibrational results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Conformational analysis, intramolecular hydrogen bonding, and vibrational assignment of 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentane-1,3-dione

Molecular structure, conformational stabilities, and intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) of 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpentane-1,3-dione (DMPD), have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results. The geometries and electronic energies of different cis-enol forms of DMPD have been obtained with the ab initio (MP2 level) and DFT (B3LYP and TPSSh levels) methods, using various basis sets. The energy differences between three stable E1, E2, and E3 chelated enol forms are negligible. According to the theoretical calculations, DMPD has a hydrogen bond strength of about 16.8kcal/mol, calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(**) level, which is about 0.7 kcal/mol stronger than that of benzoylacetone (BA). The theoretical and experimental results obtained for stable enol forms of DMPD have been compared with each other and also with those of BA and 5,5-dimethylhexane-2,4-dione (DMHD). The molecular stability and the hydrogen bond strength were investigated by applying the NBO, topological analysis, geometry calculations, and spectroscopic results.

Relationship between ABO blood group and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitute a family of genetically heterogeneous lymphoid neoplasms derived from B- and T-lymphoid progenitors. ALL affects both children and adults. Diagnosis is based on morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features that allow differentiation from normal progenitors and other hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ALL and ABO blood group.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

This is a case-control study that was carried out in Amir Oncology Hospital in Shiraz during 2011 to2013. The case group consisted of 293 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. And compared with 300 subject in control group ( the age in the case group was between 2-5 year, and the age in the control group was between 2-45 year) .Statistical analyzes was done performed by chi -square test. The results was considered significant when p value <0.05. (CI:0.95).

RESULTS

The ABO blood group distribution was 82(A), 59 (B), 24 (AB) and 128(O) in patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and the blood group of 300 participants in the control group include, 63% (25) A, 69% (25.6) B, 18 % 06.8) AB and 101% (42.6) O. The ABO blood group distribution showed that there is significant differences between ABO blood group and patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia .

CONCLUSION

This study showed significant association between ALL and ABO blood group and showed that blood group AB was associated with a higher risk of All (p value<0.001).

The effect of parental ABO blood group on fetal surveillance

BACKGROUND

Several factors may cause infertility and fetal loss. Blood groups antigens seem to be implied in the mechanisms of infertility and fetal loss. Maternal natural antibody can react against father's blood group antigens on spermatozoa. The effects of parental blood group system on infertility and fetal surveillance perceived by its manifestation in prezygotic (caused infertility) and postzygotic (caused fetal loss) stages. Objective of the present study is to determine the effect of parental ABO blood group on fetal surveillance and men infertility.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This is a retrospective, cross sectional study. Our study was carried out in fertility and infertility center of Yazd city. Blood group of 118males (group1:100 males with infertility and group 2: 18 males with abortion history in female partners) that referred to this center was evaluated based on medical document's patients. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16 software using chi-square test. The results were considered significant when P-value was <0.05, CI: 0.95.

RESULTS

Results indicated that overall distribution of blood groups in group 1 was:50%, 25%, 16% and 9% and in group 2: 56%,27%,11%,6% for blood groups O, A, B and AB respectively. There is a significant relationship between male infertility and blood group O (P value = 0.01). There is also a significant relationship between parental blood group O and fetal loss in group 2 (P value =0.03).

CONCLUSION

The present study revealed that there is a significant relationship between father's blood group O and fetal loss, so that appropriate intervention strategies can be followed.

Multidrug resistance protein 2 genetic polymorphism and colorectal cancer recurrence in patients receiving adjuvant FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy

Multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), encoded by the ATP-binding cassette C2 (ABCC2) gene, is an efflux pump located on the apical membrane of many polarized cells, which transports conjugate compounds by an ATP-dependent mechanism. The correlation of G1249A ABCC2 polymorphism with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and poor prognosis was evaluated in patients who were treated with fluorouracil/-leucovorin (FL) plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4). A total of 50 paraffin‑embedded tissue samples collected from CRC patients were analyzed to identify the polymorphism. Patients were in stage II/III and received postoperative FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy. As a control group, an equal number of unrelated healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. The polymorphism was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and results were compared with clinicopathological markers, early relapse and survival rates. During the 12 months of follow-up, local and distant recurrences were observed in 15 (30%) patients. No significant difference in the distribution of wild-type and polymorphic genotypes was observed between the patient and control groups and between the patients who experienced recurrence within 1 year and those who did not (all P>0.05). In conclusion, the G1249A polymorphism is not associated with CRC risk and early recurrence. However, significant correlation was observed between G1249A polymorphism and the overall survival and disease-free survival of the patients.

Assessment of antibody titers and immunity to Hepatitis B in children receiving chemotherapy

BACKGROUND

There is a decrease in vaccine-specific antibody to certain vaccine-preventable diseases in children after chemotherapy, but the frequency of non-immune patients is not clear. In the present case-control study, was taken under investigation protection level to Hepatitis B infection in children 6 months after completing chemotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study 68 patients with cancer and 68 healthy children were enrolled. Patients were 1.5 -12 years old with completed standard chemotherapy at least for 6 months. All the patients and healthy children were negative for HBsAg and HBeAg and had received Hepatitis B vaccination. IgG antibody concentrations against Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) were determined in the patients receiving chemotrapy and healthy subjects serum by ELISA method. IgG antibody titer > 10 mIU/ml was considered as baseline protective titer for preventing HBV infection.

RESULTS

Anti-HBs antibody titer in 19.12% of patients was less than 10 mIU/ml and 11.76% of the patients had borderline antibody titer (10-20 mIU/ml). In healthy subjects, 2.94% and 5.88% had antibody titer < 10 mIU/ml and 10-20 mIU/ml, respectively. According to statistical analysis, frequency of non immune subjects in children with cancer was significantly higher than those in healthy children (P-value=0.024).

CONCLUSION

HBV vaccination post-intensive chemotherapy in the children with cancer is strongly recommended.

Demographic and prognostic factors of 455 patients with acute leukemia admitted to two referral hospitals in tehran-iran during ten years (2001-2011)

BACKGROUND

Global death toll of Acute Leukemia (AL), as a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies, is rather high, i.e. almost 74% of 300,000 new cases die every year. This reflects a poor prognosis of this malignancy in most parts of the world, where contemporary and rather complex remedies are not available. There are a few well documented reports about the epidemiologic features of AL at national level in Iran. This retrospective study demonstrates demographic and laboratory features of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients admitted to the main referral oncology hospitals in the ex-Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran (Firoozgar and Rasoul-Akram hospitals) during the last decade (2001-2011).

METHODS

Medical records of all patients admitted to the both hospitals diagnosed with AML and ALL were reviewed during the study period for demographic, biological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis.

RESULTS

Four-hundred fifty five patients were diagnosed with AML and ALL, who admitted to the both hospitals during ten years, of whom 59.6 % (271 patients) were male. Fifty five percent of patients had AML and 44.6 % had ALL, both significantly dominated in men (p<0.001). AML patients died more significantly (p<0.05) and the most deaths occurred in older patients (p<0.001). Initial WBC count was significantly related to death (p= 0.001), where the least death (13%) occurred in the group with initial WBC between 5-10×10(3)/μL and most of deceased had an initial WBC more than 10×10(3)/μL. Logistic regression showed that age, fever and WBC were significant prognostic factors.

CONCLUSION

Demographic characteristics of AL patients were almost the same as other global reports. Most deaths occurred in older patients, those who had fever, and patients with higher WBC count at first admission, which warrants more investigations accurately and also improvements in hospital records.

Measurement of the nucleon strange-antistrange asymmetry at next-to-leading order in QCD from NuTeV Dimuon data

We present a new measurement of the difference between the nucleon strange and antistrange quark distributions from dimuon events recorded by the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab. This analysis is the first to use a complete next to leading order QCD description of charm production from neutrino scattering. Dimuon events in neutrino deep inelastic scattering allow direct and independent study of the strange and antistrange content of the nucleon. We find a positive strange asymmetry with a significance of 1.6sigma. We also report a new measurement of the charm mass.

Observation of muon neutrino disappearance with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam

This Letter reports results from the MINOS experiment based on its initial exposure to neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI beam. The rates and energy spectra of charged current nu(mu) interactions are compared in two detectors located along the beam axis at distances of 1 and 735 km. With 1.27 x 10(20) 120 GeV protons incident on the NuMI target, 215 events with energies below 30 GeV are observed at the Far Detector, compared to an expectation of 336+/-14 events. The data are consistent with nu(mu) disappearance via oscillations with |Delta(m)2/32|=2.74 +0.44/-0.26 x10(-3)eV(2) and sin(2)(2theta(23))>0.87 (68% C.L.).

Comparative Polymerization Activity of EPM and EPDM Using VCI4 Homogenous Ziegler-Natta Catalyst and Characterization of EPDM Obtained

Copolymerization of ethylene/propylene (EPM) and terpolymerization of ethylene/propylene/5-ethylidene-2-nor-bornene (ENB) were carried out using VCl4 based Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Triisobutylaluminum (TIBA) was used as a cocatalyst while CHCl3 and CCl4 were used as promoters. Effects of [Al]/[V] ratio, temperature, promoters and ENB concentration, relative pressure of P/E, H2 concentration and polymerization time on polymerization behavior were studied. The highest productivity of the catalyst was obtained at [Al]/[V] ratio of 8–10. Increasing the [Al]/[V] ratio increased Et% and Tg and decreased ENB% of the EPDM (ethylene / propylene / diene) obtained. Activity of the catalyst system was higher for EPM than EPDM. ENB concentration affected polymer yield. Increasing ENB from 5 ml/Lit solvent to 10 ml /Lit solvent increased productivity of the catalyst; however, higher concentration decreased the EPDM polymer yield. Addition of ENB increased Et% of the EPDM. Polymerization of EPDM was carried out at temperatures of 25 °C to 75 °C. The highest productivity was obtained at ∼ 50 °C. At reaction temperature of ∼ 55 °C, Et% and ENB% were 65.5% and 9%, respectively. Rp/time profiles were decay types for both EPM and EPDM production. Et% of EPDM increased with polymerization time, while an inverse result was obtained for ENB%. Addition of CHCl3 to 3 ml /lit solvent increased productivity of the catalyst. However, addition of CCl4 did not have such effect on the yield of the polymer obtained. Effect of relative pressure of P/E=1.25:1 to 0.89:1 on EPDM polymerization was studied. Addition of ethylene relative pressure increased Et% and increased Tg of the EPDM obtained. The lowest Tg of the EPDM obtained was −39 °C. A compound made with the EPDM showed good thermal stability.

Search for nu(mu)-->nu(e) and nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillations at NuTeV

Limits on nu(mu)-->nu(e) and nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillations are extracted using the NuTeV detector with sign-selected nu(mu) and nu(mu) beams. In nu(mu) mode, for the case of sin(2)2alpha = 1, Delta(m)(2)>2.6 eV(2) is excluded, and for Delta(m)(2)>>1000 eV(2), sin(2)2alpha>1.1 x 10(-3). The NuTeV data exclude the high Delta(m)(2) end of nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillation parameters favored by the LSND experiment without the need to assume that the oscillation parameters for nu and nu are the same. We present the most stringent experimental limits for nu(mu)(nu(mu))-->nu(e)(nu(e)) oscillations in the large Delta(m)(2) region.

Precise determination of electroweak parameters in neutrino-nucleon scattering

The NuTeV Collaboration has extracted the electroweak parameter sin(2)theta(W) from the measurement of the ratios of neutral current to charged current nu and (-)nu cross sections. Our value, sin(2)theta((on-shell))(W) = 0.2277 +/- 0.0013(stat) +/- 0.0009(syst), is 3 standard deviations above the standard model prediction. We also present a model independent analysis of the same data in terms of neutral-current quark couplings.

Extraction of R = sigma(L)/sigma(T) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu(mu)-Fe differential cross sections

We report on the extraction of R = sigma(L)/sigma(T) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu(mu)-Fe differential cross sections. The CCFR differential cross sections do not show the deviations from the QCD expectations that are seen in the CDHSW data at very low and very high x. R as measured in nu(mu) scattering is in agreement with R as measured in muon and electron scattering. All data on R for Q(2)>1 GeV(2) are in agreement with a NNLO QCD calculation which uses NNLO parton distribution functions and includes target mass effects. We report on the first measurements of R in the low x and Q(2)<1 GeV(2) region (where an anomalous large rise in R for nuclear targets has been observed by the HERMES Collaboration).

Search for the lepton family number violating process nu(mu)e(-) --> mu(-)nu(e)

The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has used a sign-selected neutrino beam to perform a search for the lepton number violating process nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e), and to measure the cross section of the standard model inverse muon decay process nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e). NuTeV measures the inverse muon decay asymptotic cross-section slope sigma/E to be (13.8 +/- 1.2 +/- 1.4) x 10(-42) cm(2)/GeV. The experiment also observes no evidence for lepton number violation and places one of the most restrictive limits on the cross-section ratio sigma(nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e))/sigma(nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e)) < or = 1.7% at 90% C.L. for V-A couplings and < or = 0.6% for scalar couplings.

Observation of an anomalous number of dimuon events in a high energy neutrino beam

A search for long-lived neutral particles ( N0's) with masses above 2.2 GeV/c(2) that decay into at least one muon has been performed using an instrumented decay channel at the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab. Data were examined for particles decaying into the final states mumu, mu(e), and mu(pi). Three mumu events were observed over an expected standard model background of 0.069+/-0.010 events; no events were observed in the other modes.

First measurement of the low- x, low- Q(2) structure function F(2) in neutrino scattering

A new structure function analysis of CCFR deep inelastic nu-N and nu-N scattering data is presented for previously unexplored kinematic regions down to Bjorken x = 0.0045 and Q(2) = 0.3 GeV(2). Comparisons to charged lepton scattering data from NMC and E665 experiments are made and the behavior of the structure function F(2)(nu)2 is studied in the limit Q(2)-->0.

Measurements of F2 and xF(nu)(3) - xF(nu;)(3) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu;(mu)-Fe Data in a Physics Model-Independent Way

We report on the extraction of the structure functions F2 and DeltaxF(3) = xF(nu)(3)-xF(nu;)(3) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu;(mu)-Fe differential cross sections. The extraction is performed in a physics model-independent (PMI) way. This first measurement of DeltaxF(3), which is useful in testing models of heavy charm production, is higher than current theoretical predictions. The ratio of the F2 (PMI) values measured in nu(mu) and mu scattering is in agreement (within 5%) with the predictions of next-to-leading-order parton distribution functions using massive charm production schemes, thus resolving the long-standing discrepancy between the two sets of data.