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Ghezzi D, Graziani G, Cappelletti M, Fadeeva IV, Montesissa M, Sassoni E, Borciani G, Barbaro K, Boi M, Baldini N, Rau JV. New strontium-based coatings show activity against pathogenic bacteria in spine infection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1347811. [PMID: 38665815 PMCID: PMC11044685 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1347811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections of implants and prostheses represent relevant complications associated with the implantation of biomedical devices in spine surgery. Indeed, due to the length of the surgical procedures and the need to implant invasive devices, infections have high incidence, interfere with osseointegration, and are becoming increasingly difficult to threat with common therapies due to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes by pathogenic bacteria. The application of metal-substituted tricalcium phosphate coatings onto the biomedical devices is a promising strategy to simultaneously prevent bacterial infections and promote osseointegration/osseoinduction. Strontium-substituted tricalcium phosphate (Sr-TCP) is known to be an encouraging formulation with osseoinductive properties, but its antimicrobial potential is still unexplored. To this end, novel Sr-TCP coatings were manufactured by Ionized Jet Deposition technology and characterized for their physiochemical and morphological properties, cytotoxicity, and bioactivity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P human pathogenic strains. The coatings are nanostructured, as they are composed by aggregates with diameters from 90 nm up to 1 μm, and their morphology depends significantly on the deposition time. The Sr-TCP coatings did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects on human cell lines and provided an inhibitory effect on the planktonic growth of E. coli and S. aureus strains after 8 h of incubation. Furthermore, bacterial adhesion (after 4 h of exposure) and biofilm formation (after 24 h of cell growth) were significantly reduced when the strains were cultured on Sr-TCP compared to tricalcium phosphate only coatings. On Sr-TCP coatings, E. coli and S. aureus cells lost their organization in a biofilm-like structure and showed morphological alterations due to the toxic effect of the metal. These results demonstrate the stability and anti-adhesion/antibiofilm properties of IJD-manufactured Sr-TCP coatings, which represent potential candidates for future applications to prevent prostheses infections and to promote osteointegration/osteoinduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ghezzi
- University of Bologna, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- University of Bologna, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Inna V. Fadeeva
- AA Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matteo Montesissa
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Sassoni
- University of Bologna, Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Borciani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Marco Boi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Bologna, Italy
- University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Rome, Italy
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Montesissa M, Borciani G, Rubini K, Valle F, Boi M, Baldini N, Boanini E, Graziani G. Ionized Jet Deposition of Calcium Phosphates-Based Nanocoatings: Tuning Coating Properties and Cell Behavior by Target Composition and Substrate Heating. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13111758. [PMID: 37299661 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based coatings are widely studied in orthopedics and dentistry for their similarity to the mineral component of bone and their capability to promote osseointegration. Different calcium phosphates have tunable properties that result in different behaviors in vitro, but the majority of studies focus only on hydroxyapatite. Here, different calcium phosphate-based nanostructured coatings are obtained by ionized jet deposition, starting with hydroxyapatite, brushite and beta-tricalcium phosphate targets. The properties of the coatings obtained from different precursors are systematically compared by assessing their composition, morphology, physical and mechanical properties, dissolution, and in vitro behavior. In addition, for the first time, depositions at high temperature are investigated for the further tuning of the coatings mechanical properties and stability. Results show that different phosphates can be deposited with good composition fidelity even if not in a crystalline phase. All coatings are nanostructured and non-cytotoxic and display variable surface roughness and wettability. Upon heating, higher adhesion and hydrophilicity are obtained as well as higher stability, resulting in better cell viability. Interestingly, different phosphates show very different in vitro behavior, with brushite being the most suitable for promoting cell viability and beta-tricalcium phosphate having a higher impact on cell morphology at the early timepoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Montesissa
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Borciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Rubini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Valle
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Boi
- BST Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- BST Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- BST Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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