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Helal C, Pobel C, Bayle A, Vasseur D, Nicotra C, Blanc-Durand F, Naoun N, Bernard-Tessier A, Patrikidou A, Colomba E, Flippot R, Fuerea A, Auger N, Ngo Camus M, Besse B, Lacroix L, Rouleau E, Ponce S, Italiano A, Loriot Y. Clinical utility of plasma ctDNA sequencing in metastatic urothelial cancer. Eur J Cancer 2023; 195:113368. [PMID: 37897866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic stratification may help improve the management of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC), given the recent identification of targetable alterations. However, the collection of tissue samples remains challenging. Here, we assessed the clinical utility of plasma circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) sequencing in these patients. METHODS Patients with mUC were prospectively enroled in the STING trial (NCT04932525), in which ctDNA was profiled using the Foundation One Liquid CDx Assay (324 genes, blood tumour mutational burden [bTMB], microsatellite instability status). Each genomic report was reviewed by a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB). RESULTS Between January 2021 and June 2022, 140 mUC patients underwent molecular profiling. The median time to obtain the assay results was 20 days ((confidence interval) CI95%: [20,21]). The ctDNA analysis reproduced the somatic genomic landscape of previous tissue-based cohorts. Concordance for serial ctDNA samples was strong (r = 0.843 CI95%: [0.631-0.938], p < 0.001). At least one actionable target was detected in 63 patients (45%) with a total of 35 actionable alterations, including bTMB high (≥10 mutations/Mb) (N = 39, 21.1%), FGFR3 (N = 20, 10.8%), and Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) alterations (N = 14, 7.6%). MTB recommended matched therapy in 63 patients (45.0%). Eight patients (5.7%) were treated, with an overall response rate of 50% (CI95%: 15.70-84.30) and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.2 months (CI95%: 4.1 - NR). FGFR3 alterations were associated with a shorter PFS in patients treated with immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Overall, we demonstrated that genomic profiling with ctDNAs in mUC is a reliable and feasible approach for the timely initiation of genotype-matched therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Helal
- Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Arnaud Bayle
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Damien Vasseur
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS UMS3655,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Claudio Nicotra
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Félix Blanc-Durand
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Natacha Naoun
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Alice Bernard-Tessier
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Anna Patrikidou
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Emeline Colomba
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ronan Flippot
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Alina Fuerea
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Maud Ngo Camus
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ludovic Lacroix
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Santiago Ponce
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Italiano
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Yohann Loriot
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
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Bayle A, Belcaid L, Aldea M, Vasseur D, Peyraud F, Nicotra C, Geraud A, Sakkal M, Seknazi L, Cerbone L, Blanc-Durand F, Hadoux J, Mosele F, Tagliamento M, Bernard-Tessier A, Verret B, Smolenschi C, Clodion R, Auger N, Romano PM, Gazzah A, Camus MN, Micol J, Caron O, Hollebecque A, Loriot Y, Besse B, Lacroix L, Rouleau E, Ponce S, Soria JC, Barlesi F, Andre F, Italiano A. Clinical utility of circulating tumor DNA sequencing with a large panel: a National Center for Precision Medicine (PRISM) study. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:389-396. [PMID: 36709039 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing is a promising approach for tailoring therapy in patients with cancer. We report hereby the results from a prospective study where we investigated the impact of comprehensive molecular profiling of ctDNA in patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Genomic analysis was performed using the FoundationOne Liquid CDx Assay [324 genes, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability status]. Each individual genomic report was reviewed and discussed weekly by a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB). Actionable targets were classified by ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets (ESCAT) tier leading to molecular-based treatment suggestions wherever it was possible. RESULTS Between December 2020 and November 2021, 1772 patients with metastatic solid tumors underwent molecular profiling. Median time to assay results was 12 days. Results were contributive for 1658 patients (94%). At least one actionable target was detected in 1059 patients (64%) with a total of 1825 actionable alterations including alteration of the DNA damage repair response pathway (n = 336, 18%), high TMB (>16 mutations/Mb; n = 243, 13%), PIK3CA mutations (n = 150, 8%), ERBB family pathway alterations (n = 127, 7%), PTEN alterations (n = 95, 5%), FGFR alterations (n = 67, 4%) and MET activations (n = 13, 0.7%). The MTB recommended a matched therapy for 597 patients (56%) with a total of 819 therapeutic orientations: clinical trials (n = 639, 78%), off-label/compassionate use (n = 81, 10%), approved drug (n = 51, 6%), and early access program (n = 48, 6%). In total, 122 patients (21%) were treated. Among the assessable patients (n = 107), 4 (4%) had complete response, 35 (33%) had partial response, 27 (25%) had stable disease, and 41 (38%) a progressive disease as best response. The median progression-free survival and median overall survival were 4.7 months (95% confidence interval 2.7-6.7 months) and 8.3 months (95% confidence interval 4.7-11.9 months) respectively. CONCLUSIONS ctDNA sequencing with a large panel is an efficient approach to match patients with advanced cancer with targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bayle
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Oncostat U1018, Inserm, Paris-Saclay University, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - L Belcaid
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif; Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Aldea
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - D Vasseur
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Peyraud
- Department of Early Phase Trial Unit, Institut Bergonié Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux
| | - C Nicotra
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - A Geraud
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - M Sakkal
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - L Seknazi
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - L Cerbone
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Blanc-Durand
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - J Hadoux
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Mosele
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - M Tagliamento
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | | | - B Verret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - C Smolenschi
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - R Clodion
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - N Auger
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - P M Romano
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - A Gazzah
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - M N Camus
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - J Micol
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - O Caron
- Department of Genetics, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - A Hollebecque
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - Y Loriot
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - B Besse
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - L Lacroix
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - E Rouleau
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - S Ponce
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif
| | - J C Soria
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Barlesi
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - F Andre
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris; Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif
| | - A Italiano
- Drug Development Department (DITEP) Gustave Roussy - Cancer Campus, Villejuif; Department of Early Phase Trial Unit, Institut Bergonié Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux; Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
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Martin-Romano P, Mezquita L, Hollebecque A, Lacroix L, Rouleau E, Gazzah A, Bahleda R, Planchard D, Varga A, Baldini C, Postel-Vinay S, Friboulet L, Loriot Y, Verlingue L, Geraud A, Camus MN, Nicotra C, Soria JC, André F, Besse B, Massard C, Italiano A. Implementing the European Society for Medical Oncology Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets in a Comprehensive Profiling Program: Impact on Precision Medicine Oncology. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100484. [DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To facilitate implementation of precision medicine in clinical management of cancer, the European Society of Medical Oncology proposed in 2018 a new scale to harmonize and standardize the reporting and interpretation of clinically relevant genomics data (ESMO Scale of Actionability of molecular Targets [ESCAT]). This study aims to characterize the clinical impact of matching targetable genomic alterations (GAs) in patients with advanced cancer according to ESCAT. MATERIAL AND METHODS Analysis of next-generation sequencing results from 552 patients is included in two prospective precision medicine studies at Gustave Roussy. End points included objective response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival according to ESCAT. RESULTS Molecular data from 516 patients were available and discussed within a Molecular Tumor Board. The most common tumor types were GI (n = 164; 30%), lung (n = 137; 25%), and urologic tumors (n = 68; 13%). Overall, 379 GAs were considered as actionable targets according to ESCAT in 348 (67%) patients. In 31 (6%) patients, two concomitant actionable targets were identified. On the basis of ESCAT, GAs were considered to be classified as tier I in 120 patients (29%), II in 25 patients (5%), III in 80 patients (16%), and IV in 153 patients (30%). A total of 136 patients (27%) received a matched therapy. ESCAT was significantly associated with objective response rates and clinical benefit rates. The median progression-free survival was 6.5 months (95% CI, 4.2 to 8.9), 3 months (95% CI, 1 to not available), 3 months (95% CI, 2.2 to 3.8), and 4 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 6.3) for ESCAT I, II, III, and IV, respectively ( P = .0125). CONCLUSION Implementation of ESCAT classification for clinical decision making by Molecular Tumor Board is feasible and useful to better tailor therapies in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martin-Romano
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Department of Medical Oncology, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Hollebecque
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Ludovic Lacroix
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Anas Gazzah
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Rastilav Bahleda
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - David Planchard
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Andrea Varga
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Capucine Baldini
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Postel-Vinay
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Yohann Loriot
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Department of Medical Oncology, Villejuif, France
| | - Loic Verlingue
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Arthur Geraud
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Maud Ngo Camus
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Claudio Nicotra
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Charles Soria
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice André
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Massard
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Italiano
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Precision Medicine Group, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Pailler E, Oulhen M, Borget I, Remon J, Ross K, Auger N, Billiot F, Ngo Camus M, Commo F, Lindsay CR, Planchard D, Soria JC, Besse B, Farace F. Circulating Tumor Cells with Aberrant ALK Copy Number Predict Progression-Free Survival during Crizotinib Treatment in ALK-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2222-2230. [PMID: 28461563 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The duration and magnitude of clinical response are unpredictable in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with crizotinib, although all patients invariably develop resistance. Here, we evaluated whether circulating tumor cells (CTC) with aberrant ALK-FISH patterns [ALK-rearrangement, ALK-copy number gain (ALK-CNG)] monitored on crizotinib could predict progression-free survival (PFS) in a cohort of ALK-rearranged patients. Thirty-nine ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients treated with crizotinib as first ALK inhibitor were recruited prospectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at an early time-point (2 months) on crizotinib. Aberrant ALK-FISH patterns were examined in CTCs using immunofluorescence staining combined with filter-adapted FISH after filtration enrichment. CTCs were classified into distinct subsets according to the presence of ALK-rearrangement and/or ALK-CNG signals. No significant association between baseline numbers of ALK-rearranged or ALK-CNG CTCs and PFS was observed. However, we observed a significant association between the decrease in CTC number with ALK-CNG on crizotinib and a longer PFS (likelihood ratio test, P = 0.025). In multivariate analysis, the dynamic change of CTC with ALK-CNG was the strongest factor associated with PFS (HR, 4.485; 95% confidence interval, 1.543-13.030, P = 0.006). Although not dominant, ALK-CNG has been reported to be one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to crizotinib in tumor biopsies. Our results suggest that the dynamic change in the numbers of CTCs with ALK-CNG may be a predictive biomarker for crizotinib efficacy in ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients. Serial molecular analysis of CTC shows promise for real-time patient monitoring and clinical outcome prediction in this population. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2222-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pailler
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Marianne Oulhen
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Borget
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Pharmacy, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jordi Remon
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Kirsty Ross
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Biopathology, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Billiot
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Maud Ngo Camus
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric Commo
- INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Colin R Lindsay
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - David Planchard
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Françoise Farace
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France. .,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
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