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Chang SH, Ice RJ, Chen M, Sidorov M, Woo RWL, Rodriguez-Brotons A, Jian D, Kim HK, Kim A, Stone DE, Nazarian A, Oh A, Tranah GJ, Nosrati M, de Semir D, Dar AA, Desprez PY, Kashani-Sabet M, Soroceanu L, McAllister SD. Pan-Cancer Pharmacogenomic Analysis of Patient-Derived Tumor Cells Using Clinically Relevant Drug Exposures. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1100-1111. [PMID: 37440705 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
As a result of tumor heterogeneity and solid cancers harboring multiple molecular defects, precision medicine platforms in oncology are most effective when both genetic and pharmacologic determinants of a tumor are evaluated. Expandable patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse tumor and corresponding PDX culture (PDXC) models recapitulate many of the biological and genetic characteristics of the original patient tumor, allowing for a comprehensive pharmacogenomic analysis. Here, the somatic mutations of 23 matched patient tumor and PDX samples encompassing four cancers were first evaluated using next-generation sequencing (NGS). 19 antitumor agents were evaluated across 78 patient-derived tumor cultures using clinically relevant drug exposures. A binarization threshold sensitivity classification determined in culture (PDXC) was used to identify tumors that best respond to drug in vivo (PDX). Using this sensitivity classification, logic models of DNA mutations were developed for 19 antitumor agents to predict drug response. We determined that the concordance of somatic mutations across patient and corresponding PDX samples increased as variant allele frequency increased. Notable individual PDXC responses to specific drugs, as well as lineage-specific drug responses were identified. Robust responses identified in PDXC were recapitulated in vivo in PDX-bearing mice and logic modeling determined somatic gene mutation(s) defining response to specific antitumor agents. In conclusion, combining NGS of primary patient tumors, high-throughput drug screen using clinically relevant doses, and logic modeling, can provide a platform for understanding response to therapeutic drugs targeting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen H Chang
- University of California at San Francisco, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, San Francisco, California
| | - Ryan J Ice
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Michelle Chen
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Rinette W L Woo
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Damon Jian
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Han Kyul Kim
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Angela Kim
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - David E Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Ari Nazarian
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Alyssia Oh
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Mehdi Nosrati
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - David de Semir
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Altaf A Dar
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Liliana Soroceanu
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Sean D McAllister
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
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Williams J, Martinez K, Boroughs A, Lim L, Sandoval M, Sue C, Drever M, Yao A, Choe J, Sidorov M, Phillips S, Polyak D, Mohanty S, Santoro S, Cooper A, Haining WN. Abstract 2854: Logic gates controlled by priming receptors increase specificity and potency of CAR T cells. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
CAR T cell therapies for solid tumors are limited by a paucity of tumor-specific single target antigens and insufficient potency due to limitations of CAR T biology. Logic gated (LG) CARs increase control of cell therapy activation and target cell killing by requiring recognition of two or more antigens through AND or AND-NOT Boolean logic. They represent an attractive strategy for cell therapy to improve the therapeutic index by increasing specificity for tumor antigens.
We created an AND logic gate cassette deliverable by CRISPR-mediated, non-viral, site-specific integration into human T cells. This logic gate activates expression of a MSLN-targeting CAR upon ALPP/G binding of a priming receptor (PrimeR) within high-grade serous carcinoma ovarian tumors. The PrimeR triggers proteolytic release of a chimeric, fully human transcription factor, which then translocates to the nucleus to induce expression of a minigene encoding a CAR. The PrimeR is built only from human protein sequences, reducing theoretical risk of cell therapy immunogenicity and rejection within a patient.
In order to test the specificity of our LG CARs, we integrated LG cassettes into a defined site in the T cell genome, and then co-cultured T cells with K562 cells engineered with only one target antigen (K562-ALPG or K562-MSLN), both target antigens (K562-ALPG/MSLN), or neither target antigen (K562). LG CAR T cells only killed K562-ALPG/MSLN cells. The specificity of this LG was also demonstrated in vivo in a dual-flank K562 model, in which only the ALPG/MSLN tumor was inhibited by LG CAR T cells. CAR expression was not observed on LG CAR T cells recovered outside the ALPG/MSLN tumor, and no growth inhibition was observed in K562-MSLN tumors, unlike a constitutive CAR T control. To model priming antigen heterogeneity expected in tumors, we mixed K562-MSLN cells with varying proportions of K562-ALPG/MSLN cells. We found that the presence of only 5-15% ALPG/MSLN cells was sufficient to effect killing of all target cells by the induced MSLN CAR. The ALPG/MSLN LG CAR will be tested as a component of AB-1015, a novel therapy for indications including ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer.
Citation Format: Jasper Williams, Kevin Martinez, Angela Boroughs, Laura Lim, Marian Sandoval, Cate Sue, Matthew Drever, Anzhi Yao, Joseph Choe, Maxim Sidorov, Sophia Phillips, Dina Polyak, Suchismita Mohanty, Stephen Santoro, Aaron Cooper, W. Nicholas Haining. Logic gates controlled by priming receptors increase specificity and potency of CAR T cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2854.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Lim
- 1Arsenal Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Cate Sue
- 1Arsenal Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Anzhi Yao
- 1Arsenal Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Joseph Choe
- 1Arsenal Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Dina Polyak
- 1Arsenal Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA
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Zusman E, Sidorov M, Ayala A, Chang J, Singer E, Chen M, Desprez PY, McAllister S, Salomonis N, Chetal K, Prasad G, Kang T, Mark J, Dickinson L, Soroceanu L. Tissues Harvested Using an Automated Surgical Approach Confirm Molecular Heterogeneity of Glioblastoma and Enhance Specimen's Translational Research Value. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1119. [PMID: 31750239 PMCID: PMC6843001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Designing effective individualized therapies for GBM requires quality fresh tissue specimens, and a comprehensive molecular profile of this highly heterogenous neoplasm. Novel neuro-surgical approaches, such as the automated resection NICO Myriad™ system, are increasingly used by neurosurgeons to better reach the invasive front of tumors. However, no information exists on how harvesting GBM tissue using this approach may impact the translational research value of the sample. Here, we set out to characterize matched specimens from 15 patients, where one tissue sample was obtained using traditional tumor de-bulking (herein referred to as “en bloc” sample), and the other sample was obtained using the MyriadTM System (herein referred to as “Myriad” sample). We investigated the fidelity of patient derived xenografts (PDXs) for each sample type to the corresponding human tissues and evaluated the added value of sequencing both samples for each patient. Matched en bloc and Myriad samples processed in parallel, were subjected to the following assays: cell viability, self-renewal, in vivo tumorigenicity using an orthotopic model of glioma, genomic sequencing, and pharmacological testing using PI3K-MTOR pathway inhibitors. Our results demonstrate that primary GBM cultures derived from matched specimens grew at similar rates (correlation coefficient R = 0.72), generated equivalent number of neurospheres, and had equivalent tumorigenic potential in vivo (mouse survival correlation coefficient R = 0.93). DNA Sequencing using the Illumina tumor panel amplicons revealed over 70% concordance in non-synonymous mutations between matched human GBM specimens. PDX genomic profiles were also highly concordant with the corresponding patient tissues (>70%). RNA sequencing of paired GBM samples revealed unique genomic variants and differential gene expression between the en bloc and Myriad specimens, with the former molecularly resembling the “tumor core” and the latter resembling the “invasive tumor front” signature. Functionally, we show that primary-derived GBM cells—obtained after fresh specimen's dissociation—are more effectively growth-inhibited by co-targeting non-overlapping mutations enriched in each sample type, suggesting that profiling both specimens more adequately capture the molecular heterogeneity of GBM and may enhance the design accuracy and efficacy of individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edie Zusman
- NorthBay Medical Center, Fairfield, CA, United States
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alexandria Ayala
- Pacific Brain and Spine Medical Group, Eden Medical Center-Sutter Research, Castro Valley, CA, United States
| | - Jimmin Chang
- Pacific Brain and Spine Medical Group, Eden Medical Center-Sutter Research, Castro Valley, CA, United States
| | - Eric Singer
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michelle Chen
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sean McAllister
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Kashish Chetal
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gautam Prasad
- Pacific Brain and Spine Medical Group, Eden Medical Center-Sutter Research, Castro Valley, CA, United States
| | - Tyler Kang
- Pacific Brain and Spine Medical Group, Eden Medical Center-Sutter Research, Castro Valley, CA, United States
| | - Joseph Mark
- NICO Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lawrence Dickinson
- Pacific Brain and Spine Medical Group, Eden Medical Center-Sutter Research, Castro Valley, CA, United States
| | - Liliana Soroceanu
- California Pacific Medical Center (CPMC) Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Cates CC, Arias AD, Nakayama Wong LS, Lamé MW, Sidorov M, Cayanan G, Rowland DJ, Fung J, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD, Greene LA, Angelastro JM. Regression/eradication of gliomas in mice by a systemically-deliverable ATF5 dominant-negative peptide. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12718-30. [PMID: 26863637 PMCID: PMC4914317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas have poor prognosis and urgently require new therapies. Activating Transcription Factor 5 (ATF5) is highly expressed in gliomas, and interference with its expression/function precipitates targeted glioma cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We designed a novel deliverable truncated-dominant-negative (d/n) form of ATF5 fused to a cell-penetrating domain (Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP) that can be intraperitoneally/subcutaneously administered to mice harboring malignant gliomas generated; (1) by PDGF-B/sh-p53 retroviral transformation of endogenous neural progenitor cells; and (2) by human U87-MG xenografts. In vitro Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP entered into glioma cells and triggered massive apoptosis. In vivo, subcutaneously-administered Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP passed the blood brain barrier, entered normal brain and tumor cells, and then caused rapid selective tumor cell death. MRI verified elimination of retrovirus-induced gliomas within 8-21 days. Histopathology revealed growth-suppression of intracerebral human U87-MG cells xenografts. For endogenous PDGF-B gliomas, there was no recurrence or mortality at 6-12 months versus 66% mortality in controls at 6 months. Necropsy and liver-kidney blood enzyme analysis revealed no adverse effects on brain or other tissues. Our findings thus identify Pen-d/n-ATF5-RP as a potential therapy for malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Cates
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angelo D Arias
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.,Moores-UCSD Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lynn S Nakayama Wong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael W Lamé
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Cayanan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Fung
- Center for Molecular Genomic Imaging, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Georg Karpel-Massler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lloyd A Greene
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M Angelastro
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
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5
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Jahangiri A, Sidorov M, Nguyen A, Yagnik G, Han SW, Mascharak S, De Lay M, Wagner J, Castro B, Imber B, Lu K, Bergers G, Weiss W, Aghi MK. ANGI-12. IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL TYROSINE KINASE/INTEGRIN COMPLEX THAT DRIVES BRAIN METASTASES. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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6
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Jahangiri A, Chen W, Nguyen A, Rick J, Kuang R, Sidorov M, Flanigan PM, Wagner JR, Carbonell WS, Yagnik G, Aghi MK. DRES-08. A NOVEL XENOGRAFT MODEL REVEALS A GENE CASCADE AND SERUM BIOMARKER DEFINING A MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION DURING THE EVOLUTION OF GLIOBLASTOMA RESISTANCE TO ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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7
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Castro BA, Flanigan P, Jahangiri A, Hoffman D, Chen W, Kuang R, De Lay M, Yagnik G, Wagner JR, Mascharak S, Sidorov M, Shrivastav S, Kohanbash G, Okada H, Aghi MK. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor downregulation: a novel mechanism of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Oncogene 2017; 36:3749-3759. [PMID: 28218903 PMCID: PMC5491354 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies for cancer such as VEGF neutralizing antibody bevacizumab have limited durability. While mechanisms of resistance remain undefined, it is likely that acquired resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy will involve alterations of the tumor microenvironment. We confirmed increased tumor-associated macrophages in bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma patient specimens and two novel glioblastoma xenograft models of bevacizumab resistance. Microarray analysis suggested downregulated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) to be the most pertinent mediator of increased macrophages. Bevacizumab-resistant patient glioblastomas and both novel xenograft models of resistance had less MIF than bevacizumab-naive tumors, and harbored more M2/protumoral macrophages that specifically localized to the tumor edge. Xenografts expressing MIF-shRNA grew more rapidly with greater angiogenesis and had macrophages localizing to the tumor edge which were more prevalent and proliferative, and displayed M2 polarization, whereas bevacizumab-resistant xenografts transduced to upregulate MIF exhibited the opposite changes. Bone marrow-derived macrophage were polarized to an M2 phenotype in the presence of condition-media derived from bevacizumab-resistant xenograft-derived cells, while recombinant MIF drove M1 polarization. Media from macrophages exposed to bevacizumab-resistant tumor cell conditioned media increased glioma cell proliferation compared with media from macrophages exposed to bevacizumab-responsive tumor cell media, suggesting that macrophage polarization in bevacizumab-resistant xenografts is the source of their aggressive biology and results from a secreted factor. Two mechanisms of bevacizumab-induced MIF reduction were identified: (1) bevacizumab bound MIF and blocked MIF-induced M1 polarization of macrophages; and (2) VEGF increased glioma MIF production in a VEGFR2-dependent manner, suggesting that bevacizumab-induced VEGF depletion would downregulate MIF. Site-directed biopsies revealed enriched MIF and VEGF at the enhancing edge in bevacizumab-naive patients. This MIF enrichment was lost in bevacizumab-resistant glioblastomas, driving a tumor edge M1-to-M2 transition. Thus, bevacizumab resistance is driven by reduced MIF at the tumor edge causing proliferative expansion of M2 macrophages, which in turn promotes tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Castro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - P Flanigan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - A Jahangiri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - D Hoffman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - W Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - R Kuang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - M De Lay
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - G Yagnik
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - J R Wagner
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - S Mascharak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - M Sidorov
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - S Shrivastav
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - G Kohanbash
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - H Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
| | - M K Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
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Kuang R, Jahangiri A, Mascharak S, Nguyen A, Chandra A, Flanigan PM, Yagnik G, Wagner JR, De Lay M, Carrera D, Castro BA, Hayes J, Sidorov M, Garcia JLI, Eriksson P, Ronen S, Phillips J, Molinaro A, Koliwad S, Aghi MK. GLUT3 upregulation promotes metabolic reprogramming associated with antiangiogenic therapy resistance. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e88815. [PMID: 28138554 PMCID: PMC5256137 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials revealed limited response duration of glioblastomas to VEGF-neutralizing antibody bevacizumab. Thriving in the devascularized microenvironment occurring after antiangiogenic therapy requires tumor cell adaptation to decreased glucose, with 50% less glucose identified in bevacizumab-treated xenografts. Compared with bevacizumab-responsive xenograft cells, resistant cells exhibited increased glucose uptake, glycolysis, 13C NMR pyruvate to lactate conversion, and survival in low glucose. Glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) was upregulated in bevacizumab-resistant versus sensitive xenografts and patient specimens in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. Resistant versus sensitive cell mitochondria in oxidative phosphorylation-selective conditions produced less ATP. Despite unchanged mitochondrial numbers, normoxic resistant cells had lower mitochondrial membrane potential than sensitive cells, confirming poorer mitochondrial health, but avoided the mitochondrial dysfunction of hypoxic sensitive cells. Thin-layer chromatography revealed increased triglycerides in bevacizumab-resistant versus sensitive xenografts, a change driven by mitochondrial stress. A glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor suppressing GLUT3 transcription caused greater cell death in bevacizumab-resistant than -responsive cells. Overexpressing GLUT3 in tumor cells recapitulated bevacizumab-resistant cell features: survival and proliferation in low glucose, increased glycolysis, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and rapid in vivo proliferation only slowed by bevacizumab to that of untreated bevacizumab-responsive tumors. Targeting GLUT3 or the increased glycolysis reliance in resistant tumors could unlock the potential of antiangiogenic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suneil Koliwad
- Diabetes Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Jahangiri A, Chen W, Yagnik G, Sidorov M, Rick J, Kuang R, Lay MD, Flanigan PM, Aghi M. TMOD-24. A NOVEL XENOGRAFT MODEL REVEALS A GENE CASCADE DEFINING A MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION DURING THE EVOLUTION OF RESISTANCE TO ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now212.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Jahangiri A, Sidorov M, Han SW, Chen W, Rick J, Schneidman-Duhovny D, Mascharak S, De Lay M, Wagner J, Castro B, Imber B, Flanigan P, Kuang R, Lu K, Bergers G, Sali A, Weiss W, Aghi M. DRES-11. A CROSS-ACTIVATING c-Met/β1 INTEGRIN COMPLEX DRIVES THERAPEUTIC RESISTANCE IN GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now212.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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11
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Brester C, Semenkin E, Sidorov M. Multi-Objective Heuristic Feature Selection for Speech-Based Multilingual Emotion Recognition. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jaiscr-2016-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
If conventional feature selection methods do not show sufficient effectiveness, alternative algorithmic schemes might be used. In this paper we propose an evolutionary feature selection technique based on the two-criterion optimization model. To diminish the drawbacks of genetic algorithms, which are applied as optimizers, we design a parallel multicriteria heuristic procedure based on an island model. The performance of the proposed approach was investigated on the Speech-based Emotion Recognition Problem, which reflects one of the most essential points in the sphere of human-machine communications. A number of multilingual corpora (German, English and Japanese) were involved in the experiments. According to the results obtained, a high level of emotion recognition was achieved (up to a 12.97% relative improvement compared with the best F-score value on the full set of attributes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Brester
- Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University, Krasnoyarsky rabochy Av. 31, 660037, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene Semenkin
- Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University, Krasnoyarsky rabochy Av. 31, 660037, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- Institute of Communications Engineering, Ulm University, Albert Einstein-Allee 43, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Jahangiri A, Chen W, Yagnik G, De Lay M, Wagner J, Sidorov M, Flanigan PM, Aghi MK. 333 Obtaining the Genetic Fingerprint of Resistance to Glioblastoma Through a Novel Multigenerational Xenograft Model. Neurosurgery 2016. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000489822.13595.ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Chen WC, Jahangiri A, Yagnik G, Sidorov M, Rick J, Kuang R, DeLay M, Aghi MK. Abstract 3271: Gene expression changes underlying glioblastoma resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Despite positive pre-clinical and clinical trials, treatment of glioblastoma with bevacizumab has been limited by acquired resistance and transient response. To study gene expression changes underlying tumor resistance and progression during bevacizumab therapy, we performed microarray gene expression analysis on a novel multigenerational xenograft model of acquired bevacizumab resistance.
Methods: Using a two-component normal mixture model, we identified a set of genes exhibiting significant inter-generational variance. Protein-protein interaction scores among these genes were extracted from the String 10 database and used as undirected edge weights in a network representation of the significant gene set. Gene set over-representation (GSO) analysis via ConsensusPathDB of gene clusters identified biologically meaningful clusters and subnetworks mediating distinct functions and molecular pathways.
Results: Gene set enrichment analysis revealed significant overexpression across generations of previously identified gene signatures of the mesenchymal subtype, as well as a tumor mesenchymal metabolic signature. Key mesenchymal markers, including putative tumor-stemness marker CD44, NT5E, SNAI2, and ZEB2, were found to be upregulated across generations. These results suggest tumor progression under bevacizumab challenge to be accompanied by a shift in gene expression towards the mesenchymal subtype, a subtype of GBM associated with enhanced invasiveness, resistance, and worse outcome.
Our analysis also revealed expression changes in pathways related to angiogenesis. Pro-angiogenic genes FGF2, MMP1, HIF1A, UGCG, LPAR1, and ITGB3 were found to be upregulated. Furthermore, GSO analysis identified angiogenesis as a significantly enriched ontology within the inflammatory response and ECM remodeling subnetworks identified by spectral clustering. Angiogenesis related genes identified via GSO included highly upregulated inflammatory mediators such as COX2, IL6, IL1A, upregulated pro-angiogenic factors TGFA, WNT5A, FGF2, and a downregulated anti-angiogenic gene, SPARC.
Conclusions: These results suggest a mesenchymal and pro-angiogenic response to bevacizumab treatment supported by multiple converging pathways involving inflammation, hypoxia, and ECM remodeling. Strategies preventing the evolution of these responses should be developed and tested in the context of our novel xenograft model in order to improve the durability of response to these therapies and allow them to fulfill their therapeutic promise.
Citation Format: William C. Chen, Arman Jahangiri, Garima Yagnik, Maxim Sidorov, Jonathan Rick, Ruby Kuang, Michael DeLay, Manish K. Aghi. Gene expression changes underlying glioblastoma resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3271.
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Lerner RG, Grossauer S, Kadkhodaei B, Meyers I, Sidorov M, Koeck K, Hashizume R, Ozawa T, Phillips JJ, Berger MS, Nicolaides T, James CD, Petritsch CK. Targeting a Plk1-Controlled Polarity Checkpoint in Therapy-Resistant Glioblastoma-Propagating Cells. Cancer Res 2015; 75:5355-66. [PMID: 26573800 PMCID: PMC4698003 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) remains challenging in part due to the presence of stem-like tumor-propagating cells that are resistant to standard therapies consisting of radiation and temozolomide. Among the novel and targeted agents under evaluation for the treatment of GBM are BRAF/MAPK inhibitors, but their effects on tumor-propagating cells are unclear. Here, we characterized the behaviors of CD133(+) tumor-propagating cells isolated from primary GBM cell lines. We show that CD133(+) cells exhibited decreased sensitivity to the antiproliferative effects of BRAF/MAPK inhibition compared to CD133(-) cells. Furthermore, CD133(+) cells exhibited an extended G2-M phase and increased polarized asymmetric cell divisions. At the molecular level, we observed that polo-like kinase (PLK) 1 activity was elevated in CD133(+) cells, prompting our investigation of BRAF/PLK1 combination treatment effects in an orthotopic GBM xenograft model. Combined inhibition of BRAF and PLK1 resulted in significantly greater antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects beyond those achieved by monotherapy (P < 0.05). We propose that PLK1 activity controls a polarity checkpoint and compensates for BRAF/MAPK inhibition in CD133(+) cells, suggesting the need for concurrent PLK1 inhibition to improve antitumor activity against a therapy-resistant cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin G Lerner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stefan Grossauer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Banafsheh Kadkhodaei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ian Meyers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Maxim Sidorov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Katharina Koeck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tomoko Ozawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Theodore Nicolaides
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - C David James
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Claudia K Petritsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Jahangiri A, Sidorov M, Han SW, Mascharak S, De Lay M, Wagner J, Castro B, Imber B, Lu K, Bergers G, Weiss W, Aghi MK. MTR-05ANTI-ANGIOGENIC STRESS DRIVES A c-Met/ß1 INTEGRIN COMPLEX PROMOTING ALLOSTERIC ACTIVATION DRIVING INVASION. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov219.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lerner R, Sidorov M, Hashizume R, Yoshida Y, Ozawa T, James CD, Petritsch L. SC-16 * DIVERGENT CELL CYCLE REGULATION IN GBM CELLS PROVIDES A UNIQUE POINT OF INTERVENTION IN POLARIZED CD133+ CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou275.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Najmabadi F, Bathke CG, Billone MC, Blanchard JP, Bromberg L, Chin E, Cole FR, Crowell JA, Ehst DA, El-Guebaly LA, Herring J, Hua TQ, Jardin SC, Kessel CE, Khater H, Lee V, Malang S, Mau TK, Miller RL, Mogahed EA, Petrie TW, Reis EE, Schultz J, Sidorov M, Steiner D, Sviatoslavsky IN, Sze DK, Thayer R, Tillack MS, Titus P, Wagner LM, Wang X, Wong CP. Overview of the ARIES-RS reversed-shear tokamak power plant study. Fusion Engineering and Design 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(97)00110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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