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Nordmann P, Bouvier M, Delaval A, Tinguely C, Poirel L, Sadek M. Rapid Detection of Ceftazidime/Avibactam Susceptibility/Resistance in Enterobacterales by Rapid CAZ/AVI NP Test. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:255-261. [PMID: 38270160 PMCID: PMC10826745 DOI: 10.3201/eid3002.221398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel culture-based test, the Rapid CAZ/AVI NP test, for rapid identification of ceftazidime/avibactam susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales. This test is based on glucose metabolization upon bacterial growth in the presence of a defined concentration of ceftazidime/avibactam (128/53 μg/mL). Bacterial growth is visually detectable by a red to yellow color change of red phenol, a pH indicator. A total of 101 well characterized enterobacterial isolates were used to evaluate the test performance. This test showed positive percent agreement of 100% and negative percent agreement of 98.5% with overall percent agreement of 99%, by comparison with the MIC gradient strip test (Etest) taken as the reference standard method. The Rapid CAZ/AVI NP test had only 1.5% major errors and 0% extremely major errors. This test is rapid (result within 2 hours 45 minutes), reliable, affordable, easily interpretable, and easy to implement in clinical microbiology laboratories without requiring any specific equipment.
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Donà V, Nordmann P, Kittl S, Schuller S, Bouvier M, Poirel L, Endimiani A, Perreten V. Emergence of OXA-48-producing Enterobacter hormaechei in a Swiss companion animal clinic and their genetic relationship to clinical human isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:2950-2960. [PMID: 37923369 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterobacter hormaechei producing the carbapenemase OXA-48 was identified repeatedly in infections in companion animals hospitalized at a Swiss veterinary clinic where OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was previously reported. OBJECTIVES To determine the genetic relatedness of animal and human E. hormaechei strains collected in Switzerland during 2017-22 and their mobile genetic elements. METHODS Hybrid assemblies for phylogenetic and comparative analysis of animal (n = 9) and human (n = 25) isolates were obtained by sequencing with Illumina, PacBio and Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by broth microdilution. RESULTS The animal strains were identified as E. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis ST114 (n = 6) and ST418 (n = 2), and E. hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii ST78 (n = 1). Human E. hormaechei belonged to subspecies steigerwaltii (n = 10), xiangfangensis (n = 13), hoffmannii (n = 1) and hormaechei (n = 1), with a heterogeneous ST distribution differing from the animal strains, except for two ST114. Core-gene SNP analysis confirmed the clonality of the animal ST114 and ST418 isolates (0 to 10 SNPs), and close relatedness of animal and human ST114 strains (80-120 SNPs). The strains harboured the blaOXA-48 gene on ca. 63 kb IncL-type plasmids (n = 27); on ca. 72 kb IncL plasmids co-harbouring blaCTX-M-14 (n = 2); and on ca. 150-180 kb IncFIB (n = 4) or hybrid IncFIB/IncL (n = 1) plasmids. The blaOXA-48-harbouring plasmids and the blaDHA-1-carrying ISCR1 element in one animal ST114 and both ST418 clones were likely acquired from previously spreading K. pneumoniae strains. CONCLUSIONS Common ecological niches favour the spread of plasmid-borne carbapenemases among Enterobacterales and the emergence of MDR E. hormaechei clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Donà
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Kittl
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schuller
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Endimiani
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Raro OHF, Bouvier M, Kerbol A, Decousser JW, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Rapid detection of cefiderocol susceptibility/resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:1511-1518. [PMID: 37910268 PMCID: PMC10651535 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04691-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to its ability to disseminate worldwide and its multiple resistance trait, Acinetobacter baumannii is becoming a threat for public health worldwide. Cefiderocol (FDC) is a promising broad-spectrum cephalosporin recently approved for treating Gram-negative infection. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid test, namely the rapid FDC Acinetobacter baumannii NP test, for the detection of FDC susceptibility/resistance in A. baumannii since the current FDC susceptibility tests are rather time-consuming (at least 24 h). MATERIALS AND METHODS The rapid test is based on the reduction of resazurin to resorufin product by bacterial viable cells, thus detecting bacterial growth in the presence of FDC (38.4 mg/L). A color change from blue (resazurin) to violet or pink (resorufin) represents visual detection of bacterial growth. 95 randomly selected A. baumannii isolates were used to evaluate the performance of the rapid FDC Acinetobacter baumannii NP test. RESULTS The test showed 95.5% (95% CI 78.2-99.2%) and 100.0% (95% CI 95.0-100.0%) of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. All the results were obtained within 4 h30-4 h45 incubation time at 35 °C ± 2 °C, saving virtually one day when compared with currently-used antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The test showed only a single very major error, an isolate with a MIC of 8 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS The rapid FDC Acinetobacter baumannii NP test can be a valuable method which is easier and faster to interpret when compared with the gold standard broth microdilution method. The test showed remarkable performances; hence, it may be suitable for implementation in clinical microbiology routine laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Hallal Ferreira Raro
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Winoc Decousser
- Department of Bacteriology and Infection Control, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
- Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (EnvA), EA 7380 Dynamyc Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Bouvier M, Kerbol A, Findlay J, Freire S, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Resist Acineto rapid immunological test for the detection of acquired carbapenemase producers among Acinetobacter spp. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116043. [PMID: 37657230 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The Resist Acineto from Coris Bioconcept is a novel immunochromatographic test for detection of the major acquired carbapenemases (OXA-23, OXA-40, OXA-58, and NDM) identified in Acinetobacter spp. This rapid and easy-to-perform test showed an excellent specificity and sensitivity, with positive and negatives predictive values of 100% in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bouvier
- National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg and Institute for Microbiology, Fribourg, Switzerland; Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg and Institute for Microbiology, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Findlay
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Samanta Freire
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg and Institute for Microbiology, Fribourg, Switzerland; Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg and Institute for Microbiology, Fribourg, Switzerland; Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; University of Lausanne and University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sordo M, Grilo T, Freire S, Rodrigues B, Bouvier M, Poirel L, Aires-de-Sousa M. Rapid culture-based LNZ test for detection of linezolid susceptibility/resistance in staphylococci and enterococci. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116058. [PMID: 37657232 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, easy-to-handle, cost-effective and universal culture-based test was developed for the identification of linezolid resistance among the most clinically relevant enterococcal and staphylococcal species. Our technique was tested using linezolid-resistant (n = 50) and linezolid-susceptible (n = 67) Gram-positive isolates: 34 Enterococcus faecium, 20 Enterococcus faecalis, 20 Staphylococcus aureus, 38 Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 5 Staphylococcus capitis. The susceptibility/resistance phenotype of E. faecium, E. faecalis, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis to linezolid was detected within 4.5 hours, while an extended timeframe was actually required for S. capitis (6.5 hours). The Rapid LNZ test showed a full agreement with the standard broth microdilution method, independently of the molecular resistance mechanism and MIC values, with sensitivities and specificities of 100% for all species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Sordo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Grilo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Samanta Freire
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, Lisboa, Portugal; Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bruna Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Portuguese Red Cross, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marta Aires-de-Sousa
- Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa-Lisboa (ESSCVP-Lisboa), Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Oeiras, Portugal.
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Viguier C, Bouvier M, Sadek M, Kerbol A, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Rapid Aztreonam/Avibactam NP test for detection of aztreonam/avibactam susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0058823. [PMID: 37791761 PMCID: PMC10595063 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00588-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aztreonam-avibactam (AZA), a newly developed β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination, is a treatment option for infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), including metallo-ß-lactamase producers, regardless of additional production of broad-spectrum serine-ß-lactamases. However, AZA-resistance has already been reported in Enterobacterales and its early detection could be a valuable tool for faster and more accurate clinical decision-making. We therefore developed a rapid culture-based test for the identification of AZA resistance among multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. The Rapid Aztreonam/Avibactam NP test is based on resazurin reduction when bacterial growth occurs in the presence of AZA at 8/4 µg/mL (protocol 1) or 12/4 µg/mL (protocol 2). Given the absence of guidelines on AZA susceptibility testing, two tentative breakpoints were indeed used to categorize AZA-susceptible isolates: ≤4 µg/mL in protocol 1 and ≤ 8 µg/mL in protocol 2. Bacterial growth was visually detectable by a blue-to-purple or blue-to-pink color change of the medium. A total of 78 enterobacterial isolates (among which 34 AZA-resistant and 13 AZA-resistant according to protocols 1 and 2, respectively) were used to evaluate the test performance using protocol 1 or protocol 2. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were found to be 100% and 97.7%, respectively, following protocol 1 and 100% and 100%, respectively, following protocol 2, in comparison with broth microdilution. All results were obtained within 4.5 hours corresponding to a time saving of ca. 14 hours compared with currently available methods for AZA susceptibility testing. The Rapid Aztreonam/Avibactam NP test is rapid, highly sensitive, specific, easily interpretable, and easy to implement in routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Viguier
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Sadek
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Le Terrier C, Nordmann P, Bouvier M, Poirel L. Impact of acquired broad-spectrum β-lactamases on susceptibility to oral penems/carbapenems (tebipenem, sulopenem, and faropenem) alone or in combination with avibactam and taniborbactam β-lactamase inhibitors in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0054723. [PMID: 37668385 PMCID: PMC10583657 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00547-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of β-lactamases on susceptibility to oral penems/carbapenems (tebipenem, sulopenem, and faropenem) and other carbapenem molecules was evaluated in Escherichia coli, alone and in combination with avibactam or taniborbactam β-lactamase inhibitors. Tebipenem and sulopenem exhibited a similar spectrum of activity compared to the intravenous carbapenems and displayed lower MIC values than ceftibuten-avibactam against E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases or AmpC enzymes. Combined with taniborbactam, tebipenem and sulopenem exhibited low MIC values against almost all tested recombinant E. coli, including metallo-β-lactamase producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Terrier
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
- University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Nordmann P, Kerbol A, Bouvier M, Sadek M, Poirel L, Raro OHF. Rapid meropenem/vaborbactam NP test for detecting susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:2428-2434. [PMID: 37584236 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment options for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are extremely scarce nowadays and the development of new antibiotics does not follow the exponential increase in the dissemination of carbapenem resistance determinants worldwide. Meropenem/vaborbactam was recently approved for clinical use and it has been indicated for treating several infections. Although relatively rare, meropenem/vaborbactam resistance has already been reported in Enterobacterales and its early detection could be a valuable tool for faster clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVES To develop a rapid test, namely the Rapid MEV NP, for the identification of meropenem/vaborbactam resistance in Enterobacterales. METHODS The Rapid MEV NP test is based on detection of glucose metabolization occurring upon bacterial growth in the presence of meropenem/vaborbactam at a concentration of 16/8 mg/L. Bacterial growth is detectable by a colour change of phenol red (from red to yellow) subsequent of the acidification of the medium upon bacterial growth. A total of 75 Enterobacterales isolates were randomly selected for evaluating the performance of the Rapid MEV NP test. RESULTS The test showed 97.2% sensitivity and 93.8% specificity when compared with the reference method. The results are obtained after 3 h of incubation at 35°C ± 2°C, which is a gain of time of at least 15 h (one day in practice) compared with currently used antimicrobial susceptibility testing including broth microdilution methods. CONCLUSIONS The Rapid MEV NP test, easy to perform and to interpret, showed remarkable performance while providing fast results, and is therefore suitable for implementation in routine clinical microbiology laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Sadek
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Otávio Hallal Ferreira Raro
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Nordmann P, Bouvier M, Poirel L. Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relebactam combinations against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Switzerland. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:1145-1152. [PMID: 37566365 PMCID: PMC10427697 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbapenemase-producing in Enterobacterales (CPE) represent a critical health concern worldwide, including in Switzerland, leading to very limited therapeutic options. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the susceptibility to the novel ß-lactam/ß-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relebactam of CPE isolates recovered in Switzerland from 2018 to 2020. A total of 150 clinical CPE were studied including mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 61, 40.3%) and Escherichia coli (n = 53, 35.3%). The distribution of carbapenemases was as follows: KPC-like (32%), OXA-48-like (32%), NDM-like (24%), combinations of carbapenemases (10%), VIM-1 producers (n = 2), and a single IMI-1 producer. Overall, 77% of the strains were susceptible to meropenem-vaborbactam, 63% was susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam, and 62% susceptible to imipenem-relebactam. Those data may contribute to optimize the choice of first line therapy for treating infections due to CPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Bouvier M, Raro OHF, Kerbol A, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Rapid detection of imipenem/relebactam susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023:S1198-743X(23)00343-9. [PMID: 37516383 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The treatment options for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales are scarce and the development of new antibiotics is an urgent necessity. Imipenem/relebactam (IPR) has been recently introduced for treating severe infections related to multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, IPR resistance has already been reported in Enterobacterales, thus its rapid detection may be interesting for clinical decision-making. The aim of the study was to develop a rapid and accurate test, namely the Rapid IPR Nordmann Poirel (NP) test, for the identification of IPR resistance among multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. METHODS The Rapid IPR NP test is based on the detection of glucose metabolization because of bacterial growth in the presence of IPR. Bacterial growth is visually detectable by a colour change of the red phenol pH indicator, turning from red to yellow subsequent to the acidification of the medium upon bacterial growth. Cultures of a total of 94 Enterobacterales isolates were selected for evaluating the performance of the Rapid IPR NP test. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of the test were found to be 95.2% (95.2%, CI 84.2-98.7%) and 100% (100%, CI 93.1-100%), respectively. All the results were obtained within 3 hours incubation time at 35°C ± 2°C, which is a gain of time of at least 15 hours when compared with currently used antimicrobial susceptibility. The test showed two very major errors corresponding to OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with MICs of IPR at 8 mg/L. DISCUSSION The Rapid IPR NP test is simple to perform and interpret, and shows excellent performances. Thus, it may suitable for implementation in clinical microbiology routine laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Otávio Hallal Ferreira Raro
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Ibrahim A, Bouvier M, Sadek M, Decousser JW, Poirel L, Nordmann P. A Selective Culture Medium for Screening Cefiderocol Resistance in Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0188322. [PMID: 37338403 PMCID: PMC10358180 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01883-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cefiderocol (FDC) is a siderophore cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against many multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Acquired resistance to FDC has been already reported among Gram-negative isolates, thus highlighting the need for rapid and accurate identification of such resistant pathogens, in order to control their spread. Therefore, the SuperFDC medium was developed to screen FDC-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. After testing several culture conditions, a selective medium was set up by supplementing an iron-depleted agar medium with 8 μg/mL of FDC and evaluated with a collection of 68 FDC-susceptible and 33 FDC-resistant Gram-negative isolates exhibiting a variety of β-lactam resistance mechanisms. The sensitivity and specificity of detection of this medium were evaluated at 97% and 100%, respectively. In comparison with the reference broth microdilution method, only 3% very major errors were found. In addition, excellent detection performances were obtained by testing spiked stools with a lower limit of detection ranging between 100 and 103 CFU/mL. The SuperFDC medium allows detection of FDC-resistant Gram-negative isolates regardless of their corresponding resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ibrahim
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Lille, Lille, France
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Sadek
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Jean-Winoc Decousser
- Equipe Opérationnelle d’Hygiène, Département Prévention, Diagnostic, Traitement des Infections, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, Créteil, France
- DYNAMYC, University Paris Est Creteil, Créteil, France
- DYNAMYC, EnvA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Laurent Poirel
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- European Institute for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Findlay J, Nordmann P, Bouvier M, Kerbol A, Poirel L. Dissemination of ArmA- and OXA-23-co-producing Acinetobacter baumannii Global Clone 2 in Switzerland, 2020-2021. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023:10.1007/s10096-023-04643-4. [PMID: 37470894 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Following the observation of an increased number of isolation of OXA-23- and ArmA-producing Acinetobacter baumannii at the national level, our aim was to evaluate whether some given clone(s) might actually be spreading and/or emerging in Switzerland. To evaluate this possibility, our study investigated and characterized all A. baumannii isolates harboring both the blaOXA-23 and armA genes that had been collected at the Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA) from 2020 to 2021. Most isolates were obtained from infections rather than colonization with the majority being obtained from respiratory specimens. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of 56 isolates identified nine profiles. Then, whole-genome sequencing that was performed on a subset of 11 isolates including at least one representative isolate of each PFGE profile identified three STs; one each of ST25 and ST1902, and nine ST2 (a member of Global Clone 2 (GC-2). The blaOXA-23 gene was always found embedded within Tn2006 structures, as commonly described with GC-2 (ST2) isolates. Susceptibility testing showed that most of those isolates, despite being highly resistant to all carbapenems and all aminoglycosides, remained susceptible to colistin (94.6%), sulbactam-durlobactam (87.5%), and cefiderocol (83.9% or 91.1% according to EUCAST or CLSI breakpoints, respectively). Overall, this study identified that the A. baumannii co-producing OXA-23 and ArmA are increasing in incidence in Switzerland, largely due to the dissemination of the high-risk GC-2. This highlights the importance of the monitoring of such MDR A. baumannii strains, in order to contribute to reduce their potential further spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Findlay
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Auriane Kerbol
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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13
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Findlay J, Poirel L, Bouvier M, Gaia V, Nordmann P. Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in a KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae caused by the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase VEB-25. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:639-644. [PMID: 36877262 PMCID: PMC10105652 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, including KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, represent a major threat to public health due to their rapid spread. The beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combination ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) has recently been introduced and shown to exhibit excellent activity toward multidrug-resistant KPC-producing Enterobacterales strains. However, CAZ-AVI-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates are being increasingly reported, mostly corresponding to producers of KPC variants that confer resistance to CAZ-AVI but at a cost of carbapenem resistance. We have characterized here, both phenotypically and genotypically, a clinical CAZ-AVI- and carbapenem-resistant KPC-2 K. pneumoniae isolate co-producing the inhibitor-resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase VEB-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Findlay
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Gaia
- Servizio Di Microbiologia EOLAB, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Nordmann P, Bouvier M, Poirel L, Sadek M. Rapid cefiderocol NP test for detection of cefiderocol susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3456-3461. [PMID: 36226737 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cefiderocol is among the latest generation of commercialized antibiotics against a large variety of MDR Gram-negative bacteria including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and non-fermenters such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Cefiderocol susceptibility testing, a key element for implementing rapidly a cefiderocol-based treatment, might be still challenging. OBJECTIVES To develop a rapid culture-based test, Rapid Cefiderocol NP test, for the identification of cefiderocol resistance among MDR Enterobacterales. METHODS The Rapid Cefiderocol NP test is based on glucose metabolization when bacterial growth occurs and the detection of bacterial growth in the presence of cefiderocol at 64 mg/L using iron-depleted CAMHB. Bacterial growth is visually detectable by a red-to-yellow colour change of red phenol, a pH indicator. A total of 74 clinical enterobacterial isolates from various clinical sources and of worldwide origin, among which 42 isolates were cefiderocol resistant, were used to evaluate the test performance. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of the test were found to be 98% and 91%, respectively, by comparison with the reference broth microdilution (BMD) method. All positive results were obtained within 3 h after incubation at 35°C ± 2°C, that is a gain of time of ca. 18 h (1 day) compared with currently used techniques for susceptibility testing (BMD method). CONCLUSIONS This novel test is rapid, highly sensitive, specific, easily interpretable, and easy to implement in routine microbiology laboratories. Such a test may rapidly and accurately provide the information needed for the implementation of adequate cefiderocol-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,INSERM European Unit (IAME), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Institute for Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,INSERM European Unit (IAME), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Sadek
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Sadek M, Bouvier M, Kerbol A, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Evaluation of novel immunological rapid test (K.N.I.V.O. Detection K-Set) for Rapid Detection of Carbapenemase Producers in Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 104:115761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Bouvier M, Sadek M, Pomponio S, D’Emidio F, Poirel L, Nordmann P. RapidResa Polymyxin Acinetobacter NP ® Test for Rapid Detection of Polymyxin Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050558. [PMID: 34064682 PMCID: PMC8150362 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A homemade and culture-based test, relying on the visual detection of the reduction of the resazurin reagent (a cell viability indicator), has been developed for the rapid detection of polymyxin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Here, we evaluated the industrial version of this test, the RapidResa Polymyxin Acinetobacter NP® test (Liofilchem, Italy). A well-characterized panel of 68 clinical A. baumannii strains (36 polymyxin-susceptible, 26 polymyxin-resistant A. baumannii, and 6 colistin-heteroresistant isolates) of worldwide origin was tested. All the colistin-susceptible A. baumannii isolates gave negative results according to the RapidResa Polymyxin Acinetobacter NP® test, except for a single isolate that gave a false-positive result. Out of the 26 colistin-resistant A. baumannii strains, 25 were correctly identified as colistin resistant using the RapidResa Polymyxin Acinetobacter NP® test. Only a single colistin-resistant A. baumannii strain gave a false-negative result. Additionally, the six colistin-heteroresistant isolates tested gave positive results. Altogether, the sensitivity and the specificity of the test were found to be 96% and 97%, respectively. The turn-around-time of this easy-to-perform test was 3-4h, which showed excellent reliability for identification of polymyxin resistance in A. baumannii. The RapidResa Polymyxin Acinetobacter NP® test allows a rapid differentiation between polymyxin-susceptible and -resistant A. baumannii isolates, which may contribute to optimization of the use of polymyxins for treating infections due to multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bouvier
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.B.); (M.S.); (L.P.)
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Sadek
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.B.); (M.S.); (L.P.)
| | | | | | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.B.); (M.S.); (L.P.)
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.B.); (M.S.); (L.P.)
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- INSERM European Unit (IAME), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-26-300-9581
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17
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Wong P, Banville J, Wexler R, Priestley E, Marinier A, Bouvier M, Gordon D, Yang J. Favorable therapeutic index of an orally-active small-molecule antagonist of the platelet protease-activated receptor-4, BMS-986141, compared with the P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor in cynomolgus monkeys. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
BMS-986141 is an orally-active small-molecule platelet thrombin receptor antagonist selective for the protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR4), a human platelet thrombin receptor.
Purpose
This study assessed effects of BMS-986141 vs. the P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor, a standard of care antiplatelet agent, on arterial thrombosis (AT), mesenteric bleeding time (MBT) and platelet aggregation in monkeys.
Methods
Studies were conducted in models of electrically-mediated carotid artery thrombosis and MBT in anesthetized monkeys. Monkeys were given a single oral dose of BMS-986141 (0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/kg) or vehicle (n=8/group). At 2 hr post-dose, in vivo AT, MBT as well as ex vivo platelet aggregation were monitored in the same animal. Ticagrelor was studied as a comparator and given as IV bolus plus infusion at 0.0023+0.017 to 0.075+0.6 (mg/kg+mg/kg/h) (n=5–6/group). Thrombus weight reduction, MBT increase over vehicle, and platelet aggregation inhibition were determined. Peak platelet aggregation responses to activation peptides selective for PAR4 (PAR4-AP, 12.5 μM) and PAR1 (PAR1-AP, 18 μM), to collagen (5 μg/ml) and to ADP (20 μM) were determined by whole blood aggregometry.
Results
BMS-986141 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by PAR4-AP in human and monkey blood in vitro with comparable IC50 of 1.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 nM, respectively. BMS-986141 at 0.5 mg/kg completely inhibited platelet aggregation induced by PAR4-AP but not PAR1-AP, ADP and collagen, suggesting PAR4 receptor selectivity. In the AT model, BMS-986141 at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg reduced thrombus weight by 36±7*, 63±8*, and 88±3%*, respectively (*P<0.05 vs. vehicle). BMS-986141 increased MBT by up to 1.2-fold. In a separate study, ticagrelor at 0.0023+0.017, 0.0068+0.055, 0.0255+0.18 and 0.075+0.6 (mg/kg+mg/kg/h IV) reduced thrombus weight by 19±8, 36±5*, 76±6* and 89±1%*, and increased MBT by respectively by 1.7-, 6.4-*, >10-*, and >10-fold*, respectively (*P<0.05 vs. vehicle).
Conclusion
Comparable antithrombotic efficacy was observed between BMS-986141 and ticagrelor in monkeys. BMS-986141 exhibited lower MBT compared with ticagrelor at equivalent antithrombotic doses. This study suggests that PAR4 antagonism provides a potentially safer antiplatelet therapy.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Research was supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wong
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States of America
| | - J Banville
- Universite de Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Canada
| | - R Wexler
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States of America
| | - E Priestley
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States of America
| | - A Marinier
- Universite de Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Canada
| | - M Bouvier
- Universite de Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Gordon
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States of America
| | - J Yang
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States of America
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Imam A, Winnebeck E, Buchholz N, Froguel P, Bonnefond A, Solimena M, Ivanova A, Bouvier M, Plouffe B, Charpentier G, Karamitri A, Jockers R, Roenneberg T, Vetter C. Functional circadian and sleep phenotyping of type 2 diabetes patients with melatonin receptor 2 mutations and controls: a pilot study. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lefevre G, Yon J, Bouvier M, Liu F, Coppalle A. Impact of Organic Coating on Soot Angular and Spectral Scattering Properties. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:6383-6391. [PMID: 31059244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last two to three decades, many efforts have been made to evaluate the radiative properties of soot in flames. Due to the strong impact of soot on global warming and the aging process of soot particles in the atmosphere, it is necessary to gain a better understanding on how the radiative properties of soot are affected by coating with nonabsorbing organic aerosol compounds. In the present study, the aging process is experimentally mimicked in the laboratory by coating oleic acid onto freshly generated soot particles. The morphological restructuring of soot particles is determined by nonoptical techniques for mobility diameter and effective density and by angular light scattering for gyration radius and fractal dimension. Both approaches give results in good agreement. Moreover, spectrally resolved scattering measurements between 500 and 700 nm have been carried out. The experimental data are in satisfactory agreement with previously published numerical results and enable the validation of a Rayleigh-Debye-Gans theory for coated fractal aggregates (RDG-CFA) that could be integrated in climate models or for the interpretation of scattering based measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lefevre
- Normandie University , INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Jérôme Yon
- Normandie University , INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Maxime Bouvier
- Normandie University , INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Fengshan Liu
- Black Carbon Metrology , National Research Council , Ottawa , Ontario K1A OR6 , Canada
| | - Alexis Coppalle
- Normandie University , INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA , 76000 Rouen , France
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Vitton V, Benezech A, Bouvier M. High-resolution anorectal manometry may probably be worth every penny. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30. [PMID: 29265640 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'Interface Clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - A Benezech
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - M Bouvier
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'Interface Clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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21
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Bouvier M, Miszczycha SD, Guillarme X, Tadla C, Collinet L, Sergentet DT. Comparative Evaluation of a Novel Phage Protein Ligand Assay and Immunomagnetic Separation Method To Isolate the Seven Top Serogroups of Escherichia coli (O157, O26, O103, O145, O111, O45, and O121) in Foods at Risk. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1973-1979. [PMID: 29130763 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in food is a major concern for food safety authorities and industries. Methods for detecting these pathogenic bacteria are crucial. Enrichment of foods for STEC identification has been optimized, but selective concentration of bacteria before isolation still needs to be improved. In the present study, we tested the performance of the VIDAS ESPT detection method against that of the immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method. A preenrichment inoculation was performed to provide a realistic scenario of the contamination that occurs in foods, and the methods were then compared. Results obtained were then confirmed in naturally contaminated foods. Preenrichment inoculation assays revealed that the novel concentration method using phage recombinant proteins or the selective capture of the target top seven STEC serogroups is as specific and sensitive as IMS. Subsequent evaluation of naturally contaminated samples confirmed that the novel concentration method and IMS are equivalent in performance under the conditions tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bouvier
- 1 Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environmental and Biological Resource Centre, Environmental Microbiology Lyon, UMR5557 Microbial Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, VetAgro Sup and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; and.,2 Laboratoire d'étude des microorganismes alimentaires pathogènes, National Reference Laboratory for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, VetAgro Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, F-63280 Marcy L'Étoile, France
| | - S D Miszczycha
- 1 Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environmental and Biological Resource Centre, Environmental Microbiology Lyon, UMR5557 Microbial Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, VetAgro Sup and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; and
| | - X Guillarme
- 2 Laboratoire d'étude des microorganismes alimentaires pathogènes, National Reference Laboratory for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, VetAgro Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, F-63280 Marcy L'Étoile, France
| | - C Tadla
- 2 Laboratoire d'étude des microorganismes alimentaires pathogènes, National Reference Laboratory for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, VetAgro Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, F-63280 Marcy L'Étoile, France
| | - L Collinet
- 2 Laboratoire d'étude des microorganismes alimentaires pathogènes, National Reference Laboratory for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, VetAgro Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, F-63280 Marcy L'Étoile, France
| | - D Thevenot Sergentet
- 1 Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environmental and Biological Resource Centre, Environmental Microbiology Lyon, UMR5557 Microbial Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, VetAgro Sup and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; and.,2 Laboratoire d'étude des microorganismes alimentaires pathogènes, National Reference Laboratory for Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, VetAgro Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, F-63280 Marcy L'Étoile, France
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Cahill T, Thomsen A, Plouffe B, Bouvier M, Lefkowitz R. LB987 New insights into gpcr-transducer coupling. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mion F, Garros A, Brochard C, Vitton V, Ropert A, Bouvier M, Damon H, Siproudhis L, Roman S. 3D High-definition anorectal manometry: Values obtained in asymptomatic volunteers, fecal incontinence and chronic constipation. Results of a prospective multicenter study (NOMAD). Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28251732 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D-high definition anorectal manometry (3DARM) may aid the diagnosis of functional anorectal disorders, but data comparing asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects are scarce. We aimed to describe 3DARM values in asymptomatic volunteers and those with fecal incontinence (FI) or chronic constipation (CC), and identify which variables differentiate best these groups. METHODS Asymptomatic subjects were stratified by sex, age, and parity. Those with FI or CC were included according to anorectal symptom questionnaires. Endoanal ultrasound examination and 3DARM were performed the same day. Anal pressures were analyzed at rest, during voluntary squeeze, and during push maneuver, and compared between the 3 groups. Anal pressure defects were defined and compared to ultrasound defects. KEY RESULTS A total of 126 subjects (113 female, mean age 52 years, range 18-83) were included; 36 asymptomatic, 38 FI, 42 CC. Anal resting and squeeze pressures, and rectal sensitivity values were lower in FI women than in the other groups. Typical anal sphincter asymmetry during squeezing was less frequently observed in FI women. A dyssynergic pattern during push maneuver was found in 70% of asymptomatic subjects, and with a similar frequency in the 2 symptomatic groups. There was slight concordance between 3D-pressure defects and ultrasound defects. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES 3D anal pressures in asymptomatic women were significantly lower than in men, and in FI compared to asymptomatic women. The classical dyssynergic pattern during push maneuver was found as frequently in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Further studies should try to identify 3DARM variables that could reliably identify dyssynergic defecation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mion
- Exploration Fonctionnelle Digestive, Hospital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon I University, and INSERM 1032 LabTAU, Lyon, France
| | - A Garros
- Exploration Fonctionnelle Digestive, Hospital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - C Brochard
- Digestive Physiology and Gastroenterology, Pontchaillou Hospital, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - V Vitton
- Digestive Physiology, North Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - A Ropert
- Digestive Physiology and Gastroenterology, Pontchaillou Hospital, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - M Bouvier
- Digestive Physiology, North Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - H Damon
- Exploration Fonctionnelle Digestive, Hospital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - L Siproudhis
- Digestive Physiology and Gastroenterology, Pontchaillou Hospital, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - S Roman
- Exploration Fonctionnelle Digestive, Hospital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon I University, and INSERM 1032 LabTAU, Lyon, France
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Benezech A, Cappiello M, Baumstarck K, Grimaud JC, Bouvier M, Vitton V. Rectal intussusception: can high resolution three-dimensional ano-rectal manometry compete with conventional defecography? Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 27891706 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3DHRAM), used for exploring anorectal disorders, was recently developed, providing interesting topographic data for the diagnosis of pelvic floor disorders such as excessive perineal descent. The aim of our study was to define a diagnostic strategy based on selected 3DHRAM parameters to identify rectal intussusceptions (RI), considering conventional defecography (CD) as the gold standard. METHODS All patients referred to our center in the previous 6 months for 3DHRAM to explore fecal incontinence or constipation, and who previously achieved CD, were eligible. 3DHRAM results were obtained for all classical parameters and the presence of a narrow band of high pressure in the anal canal during attempted defecation, which was recently found to be associated with RI in some studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for various 3DHRAM criterion in order to propose a diagnostic strategy for RI. KEY RESULTS Twenty-six patients (66%) presented with RI on CD. On 3DHRAM, according to our diagnostic strategy, the most relevant manometric criterion for the diagnosis of RI was the association of an anterior additional high-pressure area and an excessive perineal descent, with a positive predictive value of 100% [81.5-100], a specificity of 100% [75.3-100] and a sensibility of 69.2% [48.2-85.7]. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES In this study, 3DHRAM was used to diagnose RI, and we confirmed its use in the diagnosis of pelvic floor disorders. Further studies will be necessary to define classifications for these new anatomic data from 3DHRAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benezech
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'interface clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - M Cappiello
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Général de Martigues, Martigues, France
| | - K Baumstarck
- Unité d'Aide Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique, EA 3279, Laboratoire de Santé Publique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - J-C Grimaud
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'interface clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - M Bouvier
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'interface clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'interface clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Calderón MA, Vidal C, Rodríguez del Río P, Just J, Pfaar O, Tabar AI, Sánchez-Machín I, Bubel P, Borja J, Eberle P, Reiber R, Bouvier M, Lepelliez A, Klimek L, Demoly P. European Survey on Adverse Systemic Reactions in Allergen Immunotherapy (EASSI): a real-life clinical assessment. Allergy 2017; 72:462-472. [PMID: 27718250 DOI: 10.1111/all.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outside clinical trials, data on systemic reactions (SRs) due to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) are scarce. METHODS A prospective, longitudinal, web-based survey of 'real-life' respiratory allergen immunotherapy (AIT) clinical practice was conducted in France, Germany and Spain. SRs were recorded and coded according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) and risk factors associated with SRs were identified. RESULTS A total of 4316 patients (corresponding to 4363 ongoing courses of AIT) were included. A total of 109 SRs were recorded, and 90 patients (2.1%) presented at least one SR. Most of the SRs occurred in subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) (89%, n = 97). The most frequently reported symptoms were urticaria, rhinitis, dyspnoea and cough. Respiratory symptoms appeared before skin symptoms. Most SRs occurred during the up-dosing phase (75.8%) and were mild in severity (71.6%). Intramuscular adrenaline was administered in 17 SRs, but only 65% of these were subsequently classified as anaphylaxis. Independent risk factors for SRs during SCIT were as follows: the use of natural extracts (odds ratio, OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 2.74 [1.61-4.87], P = 0.001), the absence of symptomatic allergy medications (1.707 [1.008-2.892], P = 0.047), asthma diagnosis (1.74 [1.05-2.88], P = 0.03), sensitization to animal dander (1.93 [1.21-3.09], P = 0.006) or pollen (1.16 [1.03-1.30], P = 0.012) and cluster regimens (vs rush) (4.18 [1.21-14.37], P = 0.023). A previous episode of anaphylaxis increased the risk for anaphylaxis in SCIT (OR [95% CI] = 17.35 [1.91-157.28], P = 0.01). CONCLUSION AIT for respiratory allergy is safe, with a low number of SRs observed in real-life clinical practice. A personalized analysis of risk factors could be used to minimize SRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Calderón
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Imperial College London; National Heart and Lung Institute; Royal Brompton Hospital; London UK
| | - C. Vidal
- Allergy Department; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | | | - J. Just
- Service d'Allergologie; Centre de l'Asthme et des Allergies; Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau (APHP)-Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR-S 1136; Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique; Equipe EPAR; Paris France
| | - O. Pfaar
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology; Wiesbaden Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Universitätsmedizin Mannheim; Medical Faculty Mannheim; Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
| | - A. I. Tabar
- Allergy Department; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - I. Sánchez-Machín
- Allergy Management Unit; Hospital del Tórax; Complejo Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria; Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain
| | - P. Bubel
- Ear, Nose and Throat Practice; Lutherstadt, Eisleben Germany
| | - J. Borja
- Allergy Section; Hospital General Universitario; Ciudad Real Spain
| | | | - R. Reiber
- Otorhinolaryngology and Allergology Center Schorndorf-Nord; Schorndorf Germany
| | - M. Bouvier
- Allergology and Immunology Clinique; University Claude Bernard; Lyon France
| | | | - L. Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology; Wiesbaden Germany
| | - P. Demoly
- Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie; Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve; University Hospital of Montpellier; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Paris 06; UMR-S 1136; Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique; Equipe EPAR; Paris France
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Ropagnol X, Khorasaninejad M, Raeiszadeh M, Safavi-Naeini S, Bouvier M, Côté CY, Laramée A, Reid M, Gauthier MA, Ozaki T. Intense THz Pulses with large ponderomotive potential generated from large aperture photoconductive antennas. Opt Express 2016; 24:11299-11311. [PMID: 27410061 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.011299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the generation of free space terahertz (THz) pulses with energy up to 8.3 ± 0.2 µJ from an encapsulated interdigitated ZnSe Large Aperture Photo-Conductive Antenna (LAPCA). An aperture of 12.2 cm2 is illuminated using a 400 nm pump laser with multi-mJ energies at 10 Hz repetition rate. The calculated THz peak electric field is 331 ± 4 kV/cm with a spectrum characterized by a median frequency of 0.28 THz. Given its relatively low frequency, this THz field will accelerate charged particles efficiently having very large ponderomotive energy of 15 ± 1 eV for electrons in vacuum. The scaling of the emission is studied with respect to the dimensions of the antenna, and it is observed that the capacitance of the LAPCA leads to a severe decrease in and distortion of the biasing voltage pulse, fundamentally limiting the maximum applied bias field and consequently the maximum energy of the radiated THz pulses. In order to demonstrate the advantages of this source in the strong field regime, an open-aperture Z-scan experiment was performed on n-doped InGaAs, which showed significant absorption bleaching.
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Thanawala VJ, Valdez DJ, Joshi R, Forkuo GS, Parra S, Knoll BJ, Bouvier M, Leff P, Bond RA. β-Blockers have differential effects on the murine asthma phenotype. Br J Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26211486 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our previous studies have shown the β2 -adrenoceptor and its endogenous ligand, adrenaline, are required for development of the asthma phenotype in murine asthma models. Chronic administration of some, but not other, β-blockers attenuated the asthma phenotype and led us to hypothesize that biased signalling was the basis of their differential effects, experimentally and clinically. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used mice with no detectable systemic adrenaline (PNMT(-/-) ) and wild-type (WT) mice to study the effects of four β-blockers, alprenolol, carvedilol, propranolol and nadolol, in an ovalbumin sensitization and challenge (Ova S/C) murine model of asthma. The parameters measured were inflammatory cell infiltration, mucous metaplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness. To interpret the pharmacological action of these ligands quantitatively, we conducted computer simulations of three-state models of receptor activation. KEY RESULTS Ova S/C PNMT(-/-) mice do not develop an asthma phenotype. Here, we showed that administration of alprenolol, carvedilol or propranolol in the absence of interference from adrenaline using Ova S/C PNMT(-/-) mice resulted in the development of an asthma phenotype, whereas nadolol had no effect. Ova S/C WT mice did develop an asthma phenotype, and administration of alprenolol, propranolol and carvedilol had no effect on the asthma phenotype. However, nadolol prevented development of the asthma phenotype in Ova S/C WT mice. Computer simulations of these four ligands were consistent with the isolated three-state receptor model. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS β-Blockers have different effects on the murine asthma phenotype that correlate with reported differences in activation or inhibition of downstream β2 -adrenoceptor signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Thanawala
- Department of Integrative and Biology Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D J Valdez
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Joshi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G S Forkuo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, Milwaukee, WI
| | - S Parra
- Vapogenix, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - B J Knoll
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - P Leff
- Consultant in Pharmacology, Cheshire, UK
| | - R A Bond
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Benezech A, Behr M, Bouvier M, Grimaud JC, Vitton V. Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry: does it allow automated analysis of sphincter defects? Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O202-7. [PMID: 26046765 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Anorectal manometry is the most common test used to explore anorectal disorders. The recent three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3D-HRAM) technique appears to be able to provide new topographic information. Our objective was to develop an automated analysis of 3D-HRAM images to diagnose anal sphincter defects and compare the results with those of endoanal ultrasonography (EUS), which is considered to be the gold standard. METHOD All patients being tested in our department for faecal incontinence or dyschezia by 3D-HRAM and EUS were eligible for the study. 3D-HRAM was used to record resting and squeeze pressure, reflecting internal and external anal sphincter function, respectively. A software platform was designed to automatically analyse the 3D-HRAM images and calculate a diagnostic score for any anal sphincter defect compared with EUS. RESULTS A total of 206 (91% female) patients of mean age of 54 years were included in the study. A sphincter defect was diagnosed by EUS in 130 (63%). The diagnostic scores from the 3D-HRAM automated analysis for an internal anal sphincter defect showed a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 65%. For an external anal sphincter defect, the sensitivity was 43% and the specificity 87%. CONCLUSION Our study developed a method based on 3D-HRAM to automatically diagnose sphincter defects, allowing a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the test recordings. Compared with EUS, the 3D-HRAM image analysis procedure revealed poor sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benezech
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - M Behr
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1409, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - M Bouvier
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'Interface Clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - J-C Grimaud
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'Interface Clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Plateforme d'Interface Clinique, CRN2M CNRS UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Vitton V, Ben Hadj Amor W, Baumstarck K, Behr M, Bouvier M, Grimaud JC. Comparison of three-dimensional high-resolution manometry and endoanal ultrasound in the diagnosis of anal sphincter defects. Colorectal Dis 2014; 15:e607-11. [PMID: 23773540 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3D HRAM) is a new technique that can simultaneously provide physiological and topographical data. Our aim was to assess whether it can identify anal sphincter defects by comparing it with endoanal ultrasonography (EUS) considered as the gold standard. METHOD An anal defect on 3D HRAM was defined as a continuous circumferential area over which the pressure was < 10 mmHg during the measurement of anal resting and voluntary contraction pressure. Inter-observer agreement was also assessed. RESULTS A total of 100 patients (93 females) with a mean age of 53.5 ± 15.3 years were included. The positive diagnosis of an anal sphincter defect using 3D HRAM and EUS was in agreement (59.3%) (κ = 0.419) of the time for the internal anal sphincter (IAS) and (55.9%) (κ = 0.461) for the external anal sphincter (EAS). The inter-observer agreement for a diagnosis of an anal sphincter defect was (100%) (κ = 0.937) for the IAS and (95%) (κ = 0.751) for the EAS. The intra-class correlation coefficient for the extent of the defect was 0.853 for the IAS and 0.651 for the EAS. CONCLUSION The preliminary results demonstrate some level of agreement in the diagnosis of anal sphincter defects between 3D HRAM and EUS but insufficient for 3D HRAM to be adequately reliable using the criteria chosen. The excellent inter-observer agreement, however, demonstrates that 3D HRAM is reproducible and provides a new dimension for the evaluation of sphincter function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Nord, Marseille, France; Interface de Recherche translationnelle en Neurogastroentérologie, CRN2M, UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Deschildre A, Villard-Truc F, Gomez SA, Santos C, Just J, Bidat E, de Boissieu D, Bourrier T, Bouvier M, Chabert A, Couderc L, Doyen V, Dassonval C, Hoppé A, Jubin V, Kassmann K, Morisset M, Villain A. Plan d’action en cas de réaction accidentelle dans l’allergie alimentaire chez l’enfant : position du groupe de travail « allergie alimentaire » sous l’égide de la Société française d’allergologie. Revue Française d'Allergologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2014.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bouvier M, Brunner A, Aime F. Arrosage nocturne des rues et effets induits sur le rafraîchissement ambiant en cas de canicule. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/tsm/201312043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Benezech A, Bouvier M, Grimaud JC, Baumstarck K, Vitton V. Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry and diagnosis of excessive perineal descent: a comparative pilot study with defaecography. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:O170-5. [PMID: 24373215 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3DHRAM) is a new technique that can simultaneously provide physiological and topographical data on the terminal part of the digestive tract. Our object was to assess whether 3DHRAM is able to reliably diagnose excessive perineal descent already diagnosed with conventional defaecography, which is considered to be the gold standard. METHOD All patients referred to our centre for anorectal manometry and conventional defaecography were evaluated with a maximum of 6 months between the two examinations. Anorectal manometry was performed using the 3D High-Resolution Given Imaging® probe. Excessive perineal descent was defined as the downward movement of the anal high-pressure zone during straining. At the end of the straining effort, the high-pressure zone regained its initial position, thereby indicating that the probe had not moved. RESULTS Nineteen female patients of median age 53 (21-70) years were included in the study. All cases with excessive perineal descent diagnosed using defaecography were visualized with 3DHRAM. The degree of perineal descent determined by 3D and conventional defaecography was compared (Spearman correlation 0.726, P = 0.01). In contrast, the averages measured were significantly different; the average was 11.68 ± 3.3 mm for 3DHRAM but 34.21 ± 13.3 mm for conventional defaecography (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION The results of the study demonstrate that 3DHRAM can diagnose excessive perineal descent with the same degree of reliability as defaecography. Quantitative measures were not correlated, however, possibly because of methodological differences. The study confirms the value of the morphological data provided by 3DHRAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benezech
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, University Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
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Vitton V, Soudan D, Siproudhis L, Abramowitz L, Bouvier M, Faucheron JL, Leroi AM, Meurette G, Pigot F, Damon H. Treatments of faecal incontinence: recommendations from the French national society of coloproctology. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:159-66. [PMID: 24521273 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Faecal incontinence is common and significantly affects quality of life. Its treatment involves dietary manipulation, medical treatments, perineal rehabilitation or surgery. In this paper, the French National Society of Coloproctology offers recommendations based on the data in the current literature, including those on recently developed treatments. There is a lack of high quality data and most of the recommendations are therefore based either on grade of recommendation B or expert recommendation (Level 4). However, the literature supports the construction of an algorithm based on the available scientific evidence and expert recommendation which may be useful in clinical practice. The French National Society of Coloproctology proposes a decision-making algorithm that includes recent developments of treatment. The current recommendations support sacral nerve modulation as the key treatment for faecal incontinence. They do not support the use of sphincter substitutions except in certain circumstances. Transanal irrigation is a novel often successful treatment of faecal incontinence due to neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Nord, AP-HM, Interface de recherche translationnelle en neurogastroentérologie, CRN2M, UMR 7286, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Vitton V, Ben Hadj Amor W, Baumstarck K, Grimaud JC, Bouvier M. Water-perfused manometry vs three-dimensional high-resolution manometry: a comparative study on a large patient population with anorectal disorders. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:e726-31. [PMID: 24034300 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to compare for the first time measurements obtained with water-perfused catheter anorectal manometry and three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution manometry in patients with anorectal disorders. METHOD Consecutive patients referred to our centre for anorectal manometry (ARM) were recruited to undergo the two procedures successively. Conventional manometry was carried out using a water-perfused catheter (WPAM) and high-resolution manometry was achieved with a 3D probe (3DHRAM). For each procedure, parameters recorded included the following: anal canal length, resting pressure, squeeze pressure and rectal sensitivity. RESULTS Two hundred and one patients were included in this study. The mean values for resting and squeeze pressures were correlated and found to be significantly higher when measured with 3DHRAM than with WPAM. However, the length of the anal canal was not significantly different when measured by the two techniques without correlation between the two mean values obtained. The presence of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex was systematically assessed by both WPAM and 3DHRAM and anismus was also systematically diagnosed by both WPAM and 3DHRAM. CONCLUSION The pressure values obtained with 3DHRAM are correlated with those measured with conventional manometry but are systematically higher. 3DHRAM has the advantage of providing a pressure recording over the entire length and circumference of the anal canal, allowing a more useful physiological assessment of anorectal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Nord, Marseille, France; Interface de Recherche Translationnelle en Neurogastroentérologie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Bouvier M, Claustrat B, Franco P, Inocente C. Effet de la mélatonine exogène sur le sommeil de l’enfant souffrant de troubles envahissants du développement (TED) : résultats préliminaires. Neurophysiol Clin 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2013.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Bouvier M, Nantel F, Valiquette M, Moffett S, Mouillac B. Le récepteur β2-adrénergique. Un modèle d'étude des mécanismes moléculaires de la désensibilisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Queralto M, Vitton V, Bouvier M, Abysique A, Portier G. Interferential therapy: a new treatment for slow transit constipation. a pilot study in adults. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:e35-9. [PMID: 23046450 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to assess, for the first time, the effectiveness of interferential therapy (IFT) in the treatment of slow transit constipation in adults and its impact on the quality of life. METHOD All consecutive patients with slow transit constipation diagnosed by symptomology and a colonic transit time (CTT) of > 100 h measured with radiopaque markers were included in this prospective study. IFT was performed for 1 h/day over 3 months. Clinical improvement was based on the stool diary and the Knowles-Eccersley-Scott Symptom and Cleveland Clinic Constipation Scores. Quality of life was assessed with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index questionnaire. RESULTS Eleven patients with a median age of 51 years were included. At the end of the follow-up period, seven (63.6%) had significantly improved after IFT with a median of 0.66 stools per week [interquartile range (IQR) 0.33-0.66] before treatment and 1.66 (IQR 1.33-1.66) after (P = 0.007). The Knowles-Eccersley-Scott Symptom score changed from 30 (IQR 27-33) before treatment to 19 (IQR 17-26) after treatment (P = 0.005) and the Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score from 26 (IQR 25-28) to 17 (IQR 13-24; P = 0.005). The CTT improved from 103 h (IQR 101-113) to 98 h (IQR 94-107; P = 0.02). The Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index score improved from 60 (IQR 57-63) to 95 (IQR 68-100; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION IFT is a new non-invasive treatment for slow transit constipation. Further studies to confirm these results with longer follow-up are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Queralto
- Service de Colo-proctologie, Clinique des Cèdres, Cornebarrieu, France
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Leroi AM, Siproudhis L, Etienney I, Damon H, Zerbib F, Amarenco G, Vitton V, Faucheron JL, Thomas C, Mion F, Roumeguère P, Gourcerol G, Bouvier M, Lallouche K, Menard JF, Queralto M. Transcutaneous electrical tibial nerve stimulation in the treatment of fecal incontinence: a randomized trial (CONSORT 1a). Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107:1888-96. [PMID: 23032981 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2012.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to show that although transcutaneous electrical tibial nerve stimulation (TENS) is being increasingly used to treat fecal incontinence (FI), its efficacy has never been proved using controlled trials. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, 144 patients aged 30-82 years from nine centers were randomly assigned to receive either active or sham stimulations for 3 months. The primary end point was the response to treatment based on the number of incontinence and urgency episodes. Secondary end points were severity scores, quality of life scores, delay to postpone defecation, patient self-assessment of treatment efficacy, physician assessment of TENS efficacy, anorectal manometry, and adverse events. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was seen between active and sham TENS in terms of an improvement in the median number of FI/urgency episodes per week. Thirty-four patients (47%) who received the active TENS treatment exhibited a >30% decrease in the FI severity score compared with 19 patients (27%) who received the sham treatment (odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.1, P=0.02). No differences in delay to postpone defecation, patient self-assessment of treatment efficacy, or anorectal manometry were seen between the two groups. The evaluating physicians rated the active stimulations as more effective than the sham stimulations (P=0.01). One minor therapy-related adverse event was observed (1.5%) (see Supplementary Consort 1b). CONCLUSIONS We failed to demonstrate any benefit of TENS on our primary end-point.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Leroi
- INSERM U1073, Service de Physiologie Digestive, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, CHU Rouen, INSERM CIC 0204, Rouen, France.
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Zimmerman B, Beautrait A, Aguila B, Charles R, Escher E, Claing A, Bouvier M, Laporte SA. Differential -Arrestin-Dependent Conformational Signaling and Cellular Responses Revealed by Angiotensin Analogs. Sci Signal 2012; 5:ra33. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Garnier L, Selman L, Rouzaire P, Bouvier M, Roberts O, Bérard F, Bienvenu J, Bienvenu F. Molecular allergens in the diagnosis of latex allergy. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 44:73-79. [PMID: 22768726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular allergens enable the definition of sensitization profiles in allergic patients. AIM To validate the most helpful allergens for the diagnosis of latex allergy in different clinical situations. METHODS 130 patients suspected to be allergic to latex with positive IgE against natural rubber latex (NRL) have been studied: 97 were confirmed as latex allergic (among which 55 professionally exposed to latex and 35 with a peranaesthetic anaphylactic shock) and 33 were only sensitized to latex without clinical allergy. Each serum was tested for IgE against 9 recombinant latex allergens and bromelain using Phadia ImmunoCAP 250. RESULTS rHev b 6.01, 6.02, 2 and 5 were the major allergens in the allergic population. An excellent correlation (94%) was observed between IgE against rHev b 6.01 and latex prick test positivities. IgE against rHev b 1, 3 and 5 were more frequent and their levels significantly higher in patients with peranaesthetic anaphylactic shock. Among the asymptomatic patients (29/33 allergic to pollen), NRL IgE positivity is explained by the presence of anti-rHev b 8 and/or anti-carbohydrate IgE. CONCLUSIONS rHev b 6.01 and rHev b 5 specific IgE are of major interest to confirm latex allergy diagnosis. rHev b 5 is particularly useful in case of monosensitization where clinical symptoms and latex skin prick tests may be discordant, rHev b1 and rHev b 3 are interesting to document multi-operated and peranaesthetic latex allergy. Finally, rHev b 8 is a helpful marker to highlight latex/pollen cross-reactivity which improves the specificity of the serological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garnier
- Allergy Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite F-69495, France
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Abstract
AIM Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) reduces incontinence episodes and improves the quality of life of patients treated for faecal incontinence. However, the exact mechanism of action of this technique remains unclear. The present article reviews the pertinent neuroanatomy and neurophysiology related to SNS and provides explanations for potential mechanisms of action. METHOD A systematic review of the literature was performed for studies of the potential mechanisms of action of SNS, using MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Articles dealing with the technique, adverse events and economic evaluations of SNS, as well as literature reviews, were excluded, except for reviews dealing with the mechanisms of action of SNS. The following inclusion criteria were used to select articles: (i) articles in English, (ii) randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled studies, and (iii) cohort studies. Case-control studies or retrospective studies were cited only when randomized or cohort studies could not be found. RESULTS We propose three hypotheses to explain the mechanism of action of SNS: (i) a somato-visceral reflex, (ii) a modulation of the perception of afferent information, and (iii) an increase in external anal sphincter activity. CONCLUSION The mechanism of action of SNS in patients with faecal incontinence almost certainly depends on the modulation of spinal and/or supraspinal afferent inputs. Further research on humans and animals will be required to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of SNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gourcerol
- ADEN EA 3234/IFR MP 23, Physiology Unit, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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Savoye F, Rozand C, Bouvier M, Gleizal A, Thevenot D. Optimized enrichment for the detection of Escherichia coli O26 in French raw milk cheeses. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:603-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Savoye F, Feng P, Rozand C, Bouvier M, Gleizal A, Thevenot D. Comparative evaluation of a phage protein ligand assay with real-time PCR and a reference method for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw ground beef and trimmings. J Food Prot 2011; 74:6-12. [PMID: 21219756 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important pathogen associated with infections caused by consumption of undercooked raw meat. Sensitive and rapid detection methods for E. coli O157:H7 are essential for the meat industry to ensure a safe meat supply. This study was conducted to compare the sensitivity of the VIDAS ultra performance E. coli test (ECPT UP) with a noncommercial real-time (RT) PCR method and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) reference method for detecting E. coli O157:H7 in raw ground beef. Optimal enrichment times and the efficacy of testing different types of raw meat, either as individual samples (25 g) or as composites (375 g), were examined. For 25-g samples of each type of raw ground beef tested, 6 h of enrichment was sufficient for both the VIDAS ECPT UP and RT-PCR methods, but for 375-g samples, 24 h of enrichment was required. Both the VIDAS ECPT UP and RT-PCR methods produced results similar to those obtained with the USDA-FSIS reference method after 18 to 24 h of enrichment. The primer specificity of the RT-PCR assay and the highly specific phage ligand used in the VIDAS ECPT UP for target recognition enabled the detection of low levels of E. coli O157:H7 in 25 g of various types of raw ground beef. The tests also allowed the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in composite raw ground beef and trimmings in samples of up to 375 g.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Savoye
- Unité de Microbiologie Alimentaire et Prévisionnelle, Vetagro Sup Lyon, 1 av Bourgelat, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France.
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Rihakova L, Quiniou C, Hamdan FF, Kaul R, Brault S, Hou X, Lahaie I, Sapieha P, Hamel D, Shao Z, Gobeil F, Hardy P, Joyal JS, Nedev H, Duhamel F, Beauregard K, Heveker N, Saragovi HU, Guillon G, Bouvier M, Lubell WD, Chemtob S. VRQ397 (CRAVKY): a novel noncompetitive V2 receptor antagonist. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297:R1009-18. [PMID: 19641130 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90766.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R) exhibits mostly important properties for hydroosmotic equilibrium and, to a lesser extent, on vasomotricity. Drugs currently acting on this receptor are analogs of the natural neuropeptide, arginine vasopressin (AVP), and hence are competitive ligands. Peptides that reproduce specific sequences of a given receptor have lately been reported to interfere with its action, and if such molecules arise from regions remote from the binding site they would be anticipated to exhibit noncompetitive antagonism, but this has yet to be shown for V2R. Six peptides reproducing juxtamembranous regions of V2R were designed and screened; the most effective peptide, cravky (labeled VRQ397), was characterized. VRQ397 was potent (IC(50) = 0.69 +/- 0.25 nM) and fully effective in inhibiting V2R-dependent physiological function, specifically desmopressin-L-desamino-8-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP)-induced cremasteric vasorelaxation; this physiological functional assay was utilized to avoid overlooking interference of specific signaling events. A dose-response profile revealed a noncompetitive property of VRQ397; correspondingly, VRQ397 bound specifically to V2R-expressing cells could not displace its natural ligand, AVP, but modulated AVP binding kinetics (dissociation rate). Specificity of VRQ397 was further confirmed by its inability to bind to homologous V1 and oxytocin receptors and its inefficacy to alter responses to stimulation of these receptors. VRQ397 exhibited pharmacological permissiveness on V2R-induced signals, as it inhibited DDAVP-induced PGI(2) generation but not that of cAMP or recruitment of beta-arrestin2. Consistent with in vitro and ex vivo effects as a V2R antagonist, VRQ397 displayed anticipated in vivo aquaretic efficacy. We hereby describe the discovery of a first potent noncompetitive antagonist of V2R, which exhibits functional selectivity, in line with properties of a negative allosteric modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rihakova
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Hôpital Ste Justine, Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Matsubayashi J, Takanashi M, Oikawa K, Fujita K, Tanaka M, Xu M, De Blasi A, Bouvier M, Kinoshita M, Kuroda M, Mukai K. Expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 is associated with breast cancer tumourigenesis. J Pathol 2008; 216:317-27. [PMID: 18767025 DOI: 10.1002/path.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) comprise a family of seven mammalian serine/threonine protein kinases that phosphorylate and regulate agonist-bound, activated, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GRKs and beta-arrestins are key participants in the canonical pathways leading to phosphorylation-dependent GPCR desensitization, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking and resensitization. Here we show that GRK4 isoforms are expressed in human breast cancer but not in normal epithelia. In addition, GRK4-over-expressing cells activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediated by ERK 1/2 and JNK phosphorylation in breast cancer-derived cell lines. Furthermore, suppression of beta-arrestins decreased GRK4-stimulated ERK 1/2 or JNK phosphorylations. These data indicate that high-level expression of GRK4 may activate MAPK signalling pathways mediated by beta-arrestins in breast cancer cells, suggesting that GRK4 may be implicated in breast cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Matsubayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Vitton V, Abysique A, Gaigé S, Leroi AM, Bouvier M. Colonosphincteric electromyographic responses to sacral root stimulation: evidence for a somatosympathetic reflex. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2008; 20:407-16. [PMID: 18034793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2007.01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of selectively stimulating the afferent fibres running in the dorsal sacral roots (S1, S2, S3) and the somatic (radial and sciatic) nerves on colonic and internal anal sphincter (IAS) electromyographic (EMG) activity in anaesthetized cats to try to understand how sacral nerve stimulation can improve fecal continence in human. Electrically stimulating the afferent fibres present in the sacral dorsal roots and somatic nerves inhibited the colonic spike potential frequency (n = 97) and increased the slow variations in the sphincteric membrane potential (n = 76). These effects were found to have disappeared after administering an alpha-noradrenergic receptor blocker (n = 64) or sectioning the sympathetic efferent fibres innervating these organs (n = 69) suggesting the involvement of the sympathetic system in the effects observed. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the effects of sacral dorsal root vs somatic nerve stimulation on colonic and sphincteric EMG activity. In conclusion, the data obtained here show that neurostimulation applied to the sacral spinal roots may improve fecal continence by inhibiting colonic activity and enhancing IAS activity via a somatosympathetic reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Neurovégétative, (UMR 6153 CNRS/UMR 1147 INRA/Université Paul Cézanne-Aix-Marseille III), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
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Abstract
A pontine centre located near the micturition centre controlling external anal sphincter (EAS) motility via noradrenergic neurones has been described in cats. The aim of this study was to determine (i) whether a similar centre controls EAS motility in humans and (ii) whether this centre is involved in vesico-sphincteric reflexes in cats and humans. The effects of an alpha-1-adrenoceptor antagonist (nicergoline) and those of vesical distension on the electrical activity of the EAS were studied in paraplegic and non-paraplegic volunteers. The effects of vesical distension by injecting saline at physiological levels on the responses of the EAS to pudendal nerve stimulation were investigated in intact cats and cats with nerve sections. In non-paraplegic subjects, nicergoline and vesical distension abolished the activity of the EAS. These effects were no longer observed in paraplegic patients. In cats, vesical distension inhibited the reflex response of the EAS to pudendal nerve stimulation. This vesico-sphincteric reflex, which was no longer observed in spinal animals, persisted after nicergoline injection. These findings indicate that in humans, there exists a supra-spinal centre facilitating the tonic activity of the EAS via noradrenergic neurones not involved in the inhibitory vesico-sphincteric reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vitton
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
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Affiliation(s)
- D Attwell
- Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Marteau P, Cuillerier E, Meance S, Gerhardt MF, Myara A, Bouvier M, Bouley C, Tondu F, Bommelaer G, Grimaud JC. Bifidobacterium animalis strain DN-173 010 shortens the colonic transit time in healthy women: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002. [PMID: 11876714 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01188x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous study has suggested that Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 shortens the colonic transit time in women. AIM To confirm this effect and to determine whether modifications of the faecal bacterial mass and/or faecal secondary bile salts may be the explanation. METHODS A double-blind, cross-over study was performed. Thirty-six healthy women were studied in four consecutive 10-day periods. During periods 2 and 4, they ingested three 125 g cups per day of a fermented milk which was either a product containing B. animalis DN-173 010 or a control without bifidobacteria. Periods 1 and 3 were run-in and washout periods, respectively. The total and segmental colonic transit times were assessed using a pellet method. In 12 subjects, all stools were collected and analysed for pH, faecal weight, bacterial mass and bile acids. RESULTS The total and sigmoid transit times were significantly shorter during dosing with B. animalis compared to the control period. The other transit times, faecal weight, pH, bacterial mass and bile acids were not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS B. animalis DN-173 010 shortens the colonic transit time in healthy women. This effect is not explained by modifications of the faecal bacterial mass or secondary bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marteau
- Gastroenterology Department, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
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Girod V, Dapzol J, Bouvier M, Grélot L. The COX inhibitors indomethacin and meloxicam exhibit anti-emetic activity against cisplatin-induced emesis in piglets. Neuropharmacology 2002; 42:428-36. [PMID: 11897121 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(01)00182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We analysed the effects of four cyclooxygenases (COX) inhibitors on cisplatin-induced emesis in piglets. Ninety-five animals receiving cisplatin (5.5 mg kg(-1), i.v.) were observed for 60 h. One hour prior to cisplatin, controls (n=29) were dosed with a saline solution while experimental animals received an i.v. or i.p. injection of one of the COX inhibitors. Additional injections of COX inhibitor were given at 15 and 39 h after cisplatin administration (or every 6h in one group receiving diclofenac). The latencies to the first emetic episode (EE) compared to controls (2.1+/-0.4 h) increased in groups receiving naproxen (4.66+/-0.94 h, n=9, 30 mg kg(-1)) and indomethacin (6.19+/-1.13 h, n=7, 10 mg kg(-1)) i.v. Indomethacin significantly decreased the incidence of both the acute (by 40%) and delayed (by 66%) phases of emesis. The total number of EE during the 60 h compared to controls (28.3+/-1.9 EE) was significantly reduced in piglets receiving indomethacin (14.9+/-3.2 EE, n=7) and meloxicam (17.6+/-3.6 EE, n=11, 0.3 mg kg(-1)). Four piglets receiving meloxicam (0.3 mg kg(-1), i.v.) did not vomit during the delayed phase. The anti-emetic activity of two COX inhibitors suggests that prostaglandins contribute to the activation of the emetic reflex in response to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Girod
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Fonctions Végétatives, Département de Physiologie et Neurophysiologie, CNRS FRE 2132 - INRA USC 1147, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques St Jérôme, Université d'Aix-Marseille III, Case 351, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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