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De Giglio O, D’Ambrosio M, Spagnuolo V, Diella G, Fasano F, Leone CM, Lopuzzo M, Trallo V, Calia C, Oliva M, Pazzani C, Iacumin L, Barigelli S, Petricciuolo M, Federici E, Lisena FP, Minicucci AM, Montagna MT. Legionella anisa or Legionella bozemanii? Traditional and molecular techniques as support in the environmental surveillance of a hospital water network. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:496. [PMID: 36947259 PMCID: PMC10033568 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the actual distribution of different Legionella species in water networks would help prevent outbreaks. Culture investigations followed by serological agglutination tests, with poly/monovalent antisera, still represent the gold standard for isolation and identification of Legionella strains. However, also MALDI-TOF and mip-gene sequencing are currently used. This study was conducted to genetically correlate strains of Legionella non pneumophila (L-np) isolated during environmental surveillance comparing different molecular techniques. Overall, 346 water samples were collected from the water system of four pavilions located in a hospital of the Apulia Region of Italy. Strains isolated from the samples were then identified by serological tests, MALDI-TOF, and mip-gene sequencing. Overall, 24.9% of water samples were positive for Legionella, among which the majority were Legionella pneumophila (Lpn) 1 (52.3%), followed by Lpn2-15 (20.9%), L-np (17.4%), Lpn1 + Lpn2-15 (7.1%), and L-np + Lpn1 (2.3%). Initially, L-np strains were identified as L. bozemanii by monovalent antiserum, while MALDI-TOF and mip-gene sequencing assigned them to L. anisa. More cold water than hot water samples were contaminated by L. anisa (p < 0.001). PFGE, RAPD, Rep-PCR, and SAU-PCR were performed to correlate L. anisa strains. Eleven out of 14 strains identified in all four pavilions showed 100% of similarity upon PFGE analysis. RAPD, Rep-PCR, and SAU-PCR showed greater discriminative power than PFGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvalda De Giglio
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marilena D’Ambrosio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Spagnuolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giusy Diella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fasano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carla Maria Leone
- Present Address: Section Hygiene - AOU Policlinico of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Lopuzzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Trallo
- Present Address: Section Hygiene - AOU Policlinico of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carla Calia
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marta Oliva
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Pazzani
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucilla Iacumin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/a, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Sofia Barigelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maya Petricciuolo
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ermanno Federici
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Minicucci
- Health Management, A.O.U. Policlinico of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Montagna
- Regional Reference Laboratory of Clinical and Environmental Surveillance of Legionellosis, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Bellomo G, Indaco A, Chiasserini D, Maderna E, Paolini Paoletti F, Gaetani L, Paciotti S, Petricciuolo M, Tagliavini F, Giaccone G, Parnetti L, Di Fede G. Machine Learning Driven Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid Core Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:647783. [PMID: 33867925 PMCID: PMC8044304 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.647783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) 42/40 ratio, tau phosphorylated at threonine-181 (p-tau), and total-tau (t-tau) are considered core biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The use of fully automated biomarker assays has been shown to reduce the intra- and inter-laboratory variability, which is a critical factor when defining cut-off values. The calculation of cut-off values is often influenced by the composition of AD and control groups. Indeed, the clinically defined AD group may include patients affected by other forms of dementia, while the control group is often very heterogeneous due to the inclusion of subjects diagnosed with other neurological diseases (OND). In this context, unsupervised machine learning approaches may overcome these issues providing unbiased cut-off values and data-driven patient stratification according to the sole distribution of biomarkers. In this work, we took advantage of the reproducibility of automated determination of the CSF core AD biomarkers to compare two large cohorts of patients diagnosed with different neurological disorders and enrolled in two centers with established expertise in AD biomarkers. We applied an unsupervised Gaussian mixture model clustering algorithm and found that our large series of patients could be classified in six clusters according to their CSF biomarker profile, some presenting a typical AD-like profile and some a non-AD profile. By considering the frequencies of clinically defined OND and AD subjects in clusters, we subsequently computed cluster-based cut-off values for Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau, and t-tau. This approach promises to be useful for large-scale biomarker studies aimed at providing efficient biochemical phenotyping of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bellomo
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Indaco
- Neurology 5/Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maderna
- Neurology 5/Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Paciotti
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maya Petricciuolo
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Neurology 5/Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Neurology 5/Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology 5/Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
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Petricciuolo M, Davidescu M, Fettucciari K, Gatticchi L, Brancorsini S, Roberti R, Corazzi L, Macchioni L. The efficacy of the anticancer 3-bromopyruvate is potentiated by antimycin and menadione by unbalancing mitochondrial ROS production and disposal in U118 glioblastoma cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05741. [PMID: 33364504 PMCID: PMC7753915 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of tumour cells sustains cancer progression. Similar to other cancer cells, glioblastoma cells exhibit an increased glycolytic flow, which encourages the use of antiglycolytics as an effective complementary therapy. We used the antiglycolytic 3-bromopyruvate (3BP) as a metabolic modifier to treat U118 glioblastoma cells and investigated the toxic effects and the conditions to increase drug effectiveness at the lowest concentration. Cellular vitality was not affected by 3BP concentrations lower than 40 μM, although p-Akt dephosphorylation, p53 degradation, and ATP reduction occurred already at 30 μM 3BP. ROS generated in mitochondria were enhanced at 30 μM 3BP, possibly by unbalancing their generation and their disposal because of glutathione peroxidase inhibition. ROS triggered JNK and ERK phosphorylation, and cyt c release outside mitochondria, not accompanied by caspases-9 and -3 activation, probably due to 3BP-dependent alkylation of cysteine residues at caspase-9 catalytic site. To explore the possibility of sensitizing cells to 3BP treatment, we exploited 3BP effects on mitochondria by using 30 μM 3BP in association with antimycin A or menadione concentrations that in themselves exhibit poor toxicity. 3BP effect on cyt c release and cell vitality loss was potentiated due the greater oxidative stress induced by antimycin or menadione association with 3BP, supporting a preeminent role of mitochondrial ROS in 3BP toxicity. Indeed, the scavenger of mitochondrial superoxide MitoTEMPO counteracted 3BP-induced cyt c release and weakened the potentiating effect of 3BP/antimycin association. In conclusion, the biochemical mechanisms leading U118 glioblastoma cells to viability loss following 3BP treatment rely on mitochondrial ROS-dependent pathways. Their potentiation at low 3BP concentrations is consistent with the goal to minimize the toxic effect of the drug towards non-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Petricciuolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Magdalena Davidescu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Katia Fettucciari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gatticchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Brancorsini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rita Roberti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lanfranco Corazzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lara Macchioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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Bellomo G, Paolini Paoletti F, Chipi E, Petricciuolo M, Simoni S, Tambasco N, Parnetti L. A/T/(N) Profile in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Parkinson's Disease with/without Cognitive Impairment and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121015. [PMID: 33256252 PMCID: PMC7760640 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathological investigations report that in synucleinopathies with dementia, namely Parkinson's disease (PD) with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), in particular amyloid plaques, are frequently observed. In this study, we investigated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers in different clinical phenotypes of synucleinopathies. CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, phosphorylated tau and total tau were measured as markers of amyloidosis (A), tauopathy (T) and neurodegeneration (N) respectively, in 98 PD (48 with mild cognitive impairment, PD-MCI; 50 cognitively unimpaired, PD-nMCI), 14 PDD and 15 DLB patients, and 48 neurological controls (CTRL). In our study, CSF AD biomarkers did not significantly differ between CTRL, PD-MCI and PD-nMCI patients. In PD-nMCI and PD-MCI groups, A-/T-/N- profile was the most represented. Prevalence of A+ was similar in PD-nMCI and PD-MCI (10% and 13%, respectively), being higher in PDD (64%) and in DLB (73%). DLB showed the lowest values of Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. Higher total tau at baseline predicted a worse neuropsychological outcome after one year in PD-MCI. A+/T+, i.e., AD-like CSF profile, was most frequent in the DLB group (40% vs. 29% in PDD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bellomo
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Federico Paolini Paoletti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.P.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Elena Chipi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.P.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Maya Petricciuolo
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Simone Simoni
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.P.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Nicola Tambasco
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.P.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia (PG), Italy; (F.P.P.); (E.C.); (S.S.); (N.T.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Gatticchi L, Petricciuolo M, Scarpelli P, Macchioni L, Corazzi L, Roberti R. Tm7sf2 gene promotes adipocyte differentiation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and improves insulin sensitivity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2020; 1868:118897. [PMID: 33121932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipogenesis is a finely orchestrated program involving a transcriptional cascade coordinated by CEBP and PPAR family members and by hormonally induced signaling pathways. Alterations in any of these factors result into impaired formation of fully differentiated adipocytes. Tm7sf2 gene encodes for a Δ(14)-sterol reductase primarily involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Furthermore, TM7SF2 modulates the expression of the master gene of adipogenesis PPARγ, suggesting a role in the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis. We investigated the differentiation of Tm7sf2-/- MEFs into adipocytes, compared to Tm7sf2+/+ MEFs. Tm7sf2 expression was increased at late stage of differentiation in wild type cells, while Tm7sf2-/- MEFs exhibited a reduced capacity to differentiate into mature adipocytes. Indeed, Tm7sf2-/- MEFs had lower neutral lipid accumulation and reduced expression of adipogenic regulators. At early stage, the reduction in C/EBPβ expression impaired mitotic clonal expansion, which is needed by preadipocytes for adipogenesis induction. At late stage, the expression and activity of C/EBPα and PPARγ were inhibited in Tm7sf2-/- cells, leading to the reduced expression of adipocyte genes like Srebp-1c, Fasn, Scd-1, Adipoq, Fabp4, and Glut4. Loss of the acquisition of adipocyte phenotype was accompanied by a reduction in the levels of Irs1, and phosphorylated Akt and ERK1/2, indicating a blunted insulin signaling in differentiating Tm7sf2-/- cells. Moreover, throughout the differentiation process, increased expression of the antiadipogenic Mmp3 was observed in MEFs lacking Tm7sf2. These findings indicate Tm7sf2 as a novel factor influencing adipocyte differentiation that could be relevant to adipose tissue development and maintenance of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gatticchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Maya Petricciuolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Scarpelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Lara Macchioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Lanfranco Corazzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Rita Roberti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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Macchioni L, Petricciuolo M, Davidescu M, Fettucciari K, Scarpelli P, Vitale R, Gatticchi L, Orvietani PL, Marchegiani A, Marconi P, Bassotti G, Corcelli A, Corazzi L. Palmitate lipotoxicity in enteric glial cells: Lipid remodeling and mitochondrial ROS are responsible for cyt c release outside mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:895-908. [PMID: 29729479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are components of the enteric nervous system, an organized structure that controls gut functions. EGCs may be vulnerable to different agents, such as bacterial infections that could alter the intestinal epithelial barrier, allowing bacterial toxins and/or other agents possessing intrinsic toxic effect to access cells. Palmitate, known to exhibit lipotoxicity, is released in the gut during the digestion process. In this study, we investigated the lipotoxic effect of palmitate in cultured EGCs, with particular emphasis on palmitate-dependent intracellular lipid remodeling. Palmitate but not linoleate altered mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum lipid composition. In particular, the levels of phosphatidic acid, key precursor of phospholipid synthesis, increased, whereas those of mitochondrial cardiolipin (CL) decreased; in parallel, phospholipid remodeling was induced. CL remodeling (chains shortening and saturation) together with palmitate-triggered mitochondrial burst, caused cytochrome c (cyt c) detachment from its CL anchor and accumulation in the intermembrane space as soluble pool. Palmitate decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, without mPTP opening. Mitochondrial ROS permeation into the cytosol and palmitate-induced ER stress activated JNK and p38, culminating in Bim and Bax overexpression, factors known to increase the outer mitochondrial membrane permeability. Overall, in EGCs palmitate produced weakening of cyt c-CL interactions and favoured the egress of the soluble cyt c pool outside mitochondria to trigger caspase-3-dependent viability loss. Elucidating the mechanisms of palmitate lipotoxicity in EGCs may be relevant in gut pathological conditions occurring in vivo such as those following an insult that may damage the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Macchioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Maya Petricciuolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Magdalena Davidescu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Katia Fettucciari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Scarpelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Rita Vitale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense. Organs, University of Bari "A. Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gatticchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Orvietani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica (MC), Italy
| | | | - Gabrio Bassotti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Angela Corcelli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense. Organs, University of Bari "A. Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lanfranco Corazzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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