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Bisht N, Fular A, Saini M, Kumar S, Sankar M, Sharma AK, Ghosh S. Effect of ivermectin, amitraz and fipronil on midgut epithelium and digestive enzyme profile in Rhipicephalus microplus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:851-870. [PMID: 38642307 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Blood feeding and digestion are vital physiological activities essential for the survival and reproduction of ticks. Chemical acaricides viz., ivermectin, amitraz and fipronil, are known to act on the central nervous system, resulting in the mortality of ticks. The present study is focused on the effect of these acaricides on the midgut and gut enzymes of Rhipicephalus microplus. The ultra-thin sections of midgut of ivermectin-treated ticks showed irregular basal membrane and ruptured digestive vesicles. Amitraz treatment resulted in a notable decrease in digestive cells with pleats in the basal membrane, while fipronil-exposed ticks exhibited reduced digestive cells, loss of cellular integrity, and disintegration of the basal membrane and muscle layer. The gut tissue homogenate of ivermectin and fipronil treated ticks showed a significant reduction of cathepsin D level, 76.54 ± 3.20 μg/mL and 92.67 ± 3.72 μg/mL, respectively, as compared to the control group (150.0 ± 3.80 μg/mL). The leucine aminopeptidase level (4.27 ± 0.08 units/mL) was significantly decreased in the ivermectin treated ticks compared to other treatment groups. The acid phosphatase activity (29.16 ± 0.67 μmole/min/L) was reduced in the ivermectin treated group whereas, increased activity was observed in the fipronil and amitraz treated groups. All the treatment groups revealed increased alkaline phosphatase levels (17.47-26.72 μmole/min/L). The present finding suggests that in addition to the established mechanism of action of the tested acaricides on the nervous system, the alterations in the cellular profile of digestive cells and enzymes possibly affect the blood digestion process and thus the synthesis of vital proteins which are essential for vitellogenesis, and egg production in ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bisht
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Ashutosh Fular
- Temperate Animal Husbandry Division, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand, 263138, India.
| | - Mohini Saini
- Division of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Satyanshu Kumar
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi, Anand, Gujarat, 387310, India
| | - M Sankar
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
- School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Srikant Ghosh
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
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2
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Guadix-Montero S, Sainna MA, Jin J, Reynolds J, Forsythe WG, Sheldrake GN, Willock D, Sankar M. Ruthenium ion catalysed C-C bond activation in lignin model compounds - towards lignin depolymerisation. Catal Sci Technol 2023; 13:5912-5923. [PMID: 38013724 PMCID: PMC10577544 DOI: 10.1039/d3cy00076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant renewable feedstock to produce aromatic chemicals, however its depolymerisation involves the breaking of several C-O and C-C inter-unit linkages that connect smaller aromatic units that are present in lignin. Several strategies have been reported for the cleavage of the C-O inter-unit linkages in lignin. However, till today, only a few methodologies have been reported for the effective breaking or the conversion of the recalcitrant C-C inter unit linkages in lignin. Here we report the ruthenium ion catalysed oxidative methodology as an effective system to activate or convert the most recalcitrant inter unit linkages such as β-5 and 5-5' present in lignin. Initially, we used biphenyl as a model compound to study the effectiveness of the RICO methodology to activate the 5-5' C-C linkage. After 4 h reaction at 22 °C, we achieved a 30% conversion with 75% selectivity towards benzoic acid and phenyl glyoxal as the minor product. To the best of our knowledge this is the first ever oxidative activation of the C-C bond that connects the two phenyl rings in biphenyl. DFT calculation revealed that the RuO4 forms a [3 + 2] adduct with one of the aromatic C-C bonds resulting in the opening of the phenyl ring. Biphenyl conversion could be increased by increasing the amount of oxidant; however, this is accompanied by a reduction in the carbon balance because of the formation of CO2 and other unknown products. We extended this RICO methodology for the oxidative depolymerisation of lignin model hexamer containing β-5, 5-5' and β-O-4 linkages. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the reaction mixture were done using 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy methods along with GC-MS and Gel Permeation Chromatographic (GPC) methods. Advanced 2D NMR spectroscopic methods such as HSQC, HMBC and 31P NMR spectroscopy after phosphitylation of the mixture were employed to quantitatively analyse the conversion of the β-5, 5-5' and β-O-4 linkages and to identify the products. After 30 min, >90% of the 5-5' and linkages and >80% of the β-5' are converted with this methodology. This is the first report on the conversion of the 5-5' linkage in lignin model hexamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Guadix-Montero
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
| | - Mala A Sainna
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
| | - Jiangpeiyun Jin
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
| | - Jack Reynolds
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
| | - W Graham Forsythe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road Belfast BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - Gary N Sheldrake
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road Belfast BT9 5AG Northern Ireland UK
| | - David Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK +44 (0)2920 874 030 +44 (0)29 2087 5748
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3
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Anandu S, Chaithra SN, Manjusha KM, Tiwari VK, Tewari AK, Tanuj GN, Samanta S, Sankar M. First report of molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of ocular seteriasis in buffalo in India using 12S rRNA. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e70. [PMID: 37665112 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
An adult Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) presented with corneal opacity, irritation, and excessive lacrimation from the left eye in the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic-Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (RVC-TVCC), Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. Clinical examination revealed a whitish thread-like worm in the left eye's anterior chamber. The worm was surgically removed from the eye with supportive nerve blocks. Light microscopy was used for parasite morphological identification, which provided insight into the worm as female Setaria sp. Genomic DNA was isolated, and polymerase chain reaction amplification of 12S rRNA was conducted for molecular confirmation of the parasite. The amplicon was sequenced and analysed by bioinformatics software. Sequence data showed an amplicon size of 243 bp. Phylogenetic analysis with reference data from the NCBI Genbank database revealed the worm was S. digitata, with a similarity of 99.17%. The common predilection site of S. digitata is in the peritoneal cavity of natural hosts like cattle and buffalo and is mostly non-pathogenic. The aberrant migration of the parasite larva to the brain and eye commonly occurs in goats, sheep, and horses, causing clinical conditions like cerebrospinal nematodiasis (lumbar paralysis) and ocular setariasis, respectively. Nevertheless, until now, there have been no reports of ocular setariasis in buffalo. This report is the first unusual occurrence of ocular setariasis in buffalo and its molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis using 12S rRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anandu
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S N Chaithra
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K M Manjusha
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V K Tiwari
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Tewari
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G N Tanuj
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Samanta
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Thirumalaiselvan PS, Raman M, Remya L, Jayakumar R, Sakthivel M, Tamilmani G, Sankar M, Anikuttan KK, Menon NN, Saravanan R, Ravikumar TT, Narasimapallavan I, Krishnaveni N, Muniasamy V, Batcha SM, Gopalakrishnan A. Monitoring of Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) of Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) along the Gulf of Mannar, India using in-situ and satellite observations and its impact on wild and maricultured finfishes. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114611. [PMID: 36731375 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the Gulf of Mannar, Noctiluca scintillans blooms have been observed three times in September 2019, September and October 2020, and October 2021. It was determined and measured how the bloom period affects ichthyo-diversity. Noctiluca cell density varied slightly from year to year, ranging from1.8433 × 103 cells/L to 1.3824 x 106cells/L. In surface and sea bottom waters, high ammonia levels and low dissolved oxygen levels were noted. During the bloom period a significant increase in chlorophyll concentration was found. The amount of chlorophyll in GOM was extremely high, according to remote sensing photos made using MODIS-Aqua 4 km data. Acute hypoxia caused the death of wild fish near coral reefs and also in fish reared in sea cages. The decay of the bloom resulted in significant ammonia production, a dramatic drop in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, and ultimately stress, shock, and mass mortality of fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Thirumalaiselvan
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - Mini Raman
- Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380015, India
| | - L Remya
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - R Jayakumar
- Central Institute of Brackish water Aquaculture, No. 75, Santhome High Road, Chennai, India
| | - M Sakthivel
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - G Tamilmani
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - M Sankar
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - K K Anikuttan
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - N Nandini Menon
- Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI), Kochi, India
| | - Raju Saravanan
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - T T Ravikumar
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | | | - N Krishnaveni
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - V Muniasamy
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - S M Batcha
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
| | - A Gopalakrishnan
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp, India
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5
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Nandi A, . M, Solanki V, Tiwari V, Sajjanar B, Sankar M, Saini M, Shrivastava S, Bhure SK, Ghosh S. Designing of multi-epitope vaccine construct employing immuno-informatics approach to combat multi-tick species infestations. EAMR 2022. [DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.2.149-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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6
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Singh K, Kumar S, Sharma AK, Jacob S, RamVerma M, Singh NK, Shakya M, Sankar M, Ghosh S. Economic impact of predominant ticks and tick-borne diseases on Indian dairy production systems. Exp Parasitol 2022; 243:108408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Rialch A, Sankar M, Silamparasan M, Madhusoodan AP, Kharayat NS, Gautam S, Gurav AR, Thankappan S. Molecular detection of Coxiella-like endosymbionts in Rhipicephalus microplus from north India. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 36:100803. [PMID: 36436891 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Apart from the tick-borne pathogens affecting human and animal health, ticks also harbor various non-pathogenic endosymbionts with dynamic ecological interactions. These endosymbionts are unexplored from the Indian ticks; hence this pilot study was conducted. Seventy-nine ticks were collected from Nainital district of Uttarakhand state of north India and were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus morphologically and by molecular analysis. PCR and sequence analysis were carried out to detect the presence of Rickettsia-like, Coxiella-like and Francisella-like endosymbionts in these ticks. Based on the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence, Coxiella-like endosymbiont (CLE) was detected in the adult and other life-cycle stages of ticks with 96.6-97.7% nucleotide sequence identity with the published CLE sequences from GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CLE from R. microplus were clustered with the CLE from other Rhipicephalus species. All these CLE formed distinct clades from the pathogenic Coxiella burnetii. None of the tick samples was found positive for Rickettsia-like and Francisella-like endosymbionts in the present study. We also demonstrated the vertical transmission of CLE from surface sterilized and laboratory reared fully engorged adult females to the eggs and the larvae. However, large scale studies are to be conducted to detect various endosymbionts and endosymbiont-tick associations in the Indian tick species and to explore these associations for tick and tick-borne disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajayta Rialch
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India.
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - M Silamparasan
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - A P Madhusoodan
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - Nitish Singh Kharayat
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - Siddharth Gautam
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - Amol Ramdas Gurav
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
| | - Sabrinath Thankappan
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand 263138, India
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8
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O’Neill M, Sankar M, Hintermair U. Sustainable Synthesis of Dimethyl- and Diethyl Carbonate from CO 2 in Batch and Continuous Flow-Lessons from Thermodynamics and the Importance of Catalyst Stability. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2022; 10:5243-5257. [PMID: 35493694 PMCID: PMC9044503 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrium conversions for the direct condensation of MeOH and EtOH with CO2 to give dimethyl- and diethyl carbonate, respectively, have been calculated over a range of experimentally relevant conditions. The validity of these calculations has been verified in both batch and continuous flow experiments over a heterogeneous CeO2 catalyst. Operating under optimized conditions of 140 °C and 200 bar CO2, record productivities of 235 mmol/L·h DMC and 241 mmol/L·h DEC have been achieved using neat alcohol dissolved in a continuous flow of supercritical CO2. Using our thermodynamic model, we show that to achieve maximum product yield, both dialkyl carbonates and water should be continuously removed from the reactor instead of the conventionally used strategy of removing water alone, which is much less efficient. Catalyst stability rather than activity emerges as the prime limiting factor and should thus become the focus of future catalyst development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
F. O’Neill
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Centre
for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre
for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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9
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Kar SK, Kumar S, Sankar M, Patra S, Singh RM, Shrimali SS, Ojasvi PR. Process-based modelling of soil erosion: scope and limitation in the Indian context. CURR SCI INDIA 2022. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v122/i5/533-541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Mitchell CE, Santos-Carballal D, Beale AM, Jones W, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, de Leeuw NH. The role of surface oxidation and Fe-Ni synergy in Fe-Ni-S catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation. Faraday Discuss 2021; 230:30-51. [PMID: 33884381 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, resulting in climate change, have driven the motivation to achieve the effective and sustainable conversion of CO2 into useful chemicals and fuels. Taking inspiration from biological processes, synthetic iron-nickel-sulfides have been proposed as suitable catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO2. In order to experimentally validate this hypothesis, here we report violarite (Fe,Ni)3S4 as a cheap and economically viable catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 into formate under mild, alkaline conditions at 125 °C and 20 bar (CO2 : H2 = 1 : 1). Calcination of violarite at 200 °C resulted in excellent catalytic activity, far superior to that of Fe-only and Ni-only sulfides. We further report first principles simulations of the CO2 conversion on the partially oxidised (001) and (111) surfaces of stoichiometric violarite (FeNi2S4) and polydymite (Ni3S4) to rationalise the experimentally observed trends. We have obtained the thermodynamic and kinetic profiles for the reaction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) on the catalyst surfaces via substitution and dissociation mechanisms. We report that the partially oxidised (111) surface of FeNi2S4 is the best catalyst in the series and that the dissociation mechanism is the most favourable. Our study reveals that the partial oxidation of the FeNi2S4 surface, as well as the synergy of the Fe and Ni ions, are important in the catalytic activity of the material for the effective hydrogenation of CO2 to formate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Mitchell
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | | | - Andrew M Beale
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK and Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Wilm Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK and Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | | | - Nora H de Leeuw
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. and Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Pushpa BV, Sankar M, Mebarek-Oudina F. Buoyant Convective Flow and Heat Dissipation of Cu–H2O Nanoliquids in an Annulus Through a Thin Baffle. j nanofluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2021.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article numerically investigates the buoyant convective flow and thermal transport enhancement of Cu–H2O nanoliquid in a differentially heated upright annulus having a thin baffle. For the analysis, the outer and inner cylinders are cooled and heated respectively
through insulated top and lower boundaries. Also, the baffle temperature is assumed to be that of the hot cylinder. The finite difference based numerical technique is used to solve the system of equations governing the physical processes. The findings are accessible in terms isotherms, streamlines
and Nu number for wider ranges of baffle positions and lengths, Rayleigh numbers, and by considering different nanofluid (NF) volume fractions. The average Nu number is enhanced in addition of the Cu nanoparticle to the base liquid and it is also found the liquid flow
and heat transport can be successfully controlled via the appropriate selection of baffle location and length. Principally, the baffle length having 20% of annular width placed at 80% of the annular height has been found to produce higher thermal transport rates as compared to other choices
of baffle lengths and positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. V. Pushpa
- Department of Mathematics, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - M. Sankar
- Department of Mathematics, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - F. Mebarek-Oudina
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of 20 Août 1955-Skikda, Skikda, 21000, Algeria
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12
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Guadix‐Montero S, Santos Hernandez A, Lei N, Morgan DJ, He Q, Wang A, Zhang T, Roldan A, Sankar M. Controlling the Selectivity of Supported Ru Nanoparticles During Glycerol Hydrogenolysis: C−O
vs
C−C Cleavage. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Guadix‐Montero
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Alba Santos Hernandez
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Nian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian Liaoning 116023 P. R. China
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Qian He
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117575 Singapore
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian Liaoning 116023 P. R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian Liaoning 116023 P. R. China
| | - Alberto Roldan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
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13
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Bisen S, Aftab A, Jeeva K, Silamparasan M, Yadav S, Chandra D, Sankar M, Garg R, Raina OK. Molecular and serological detection of Anaplasma infection in carrier cattle in north India. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 24:100550. [PMID: 34024367 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle (n = 216) in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, North India was screened by microscopy and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two recombinant proteins viz. major surface protein (MSP) 5 and MSP2 of A. marginale were expressed in Escherichia coli and their potential in the detection of antibodies to Anaplasma species in the cattle was evaluated by immunoglobulin G-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (IgG-ELISA). The MSP5 IgG ELISA results were compared with competitive (c) inhibition ELISA. Microscopy being the least sensitive diagnostic test detected 12.0% of animals positive for A. marginale infection while nested-PCR detected 87.9% of these animals as positive for A. marginale infection. The recombinant MSP5 antigen showed positive reactivity in 170/190 nested-PCR confirmed positive animals (sensitivity 89.5%) with specificity of 77.0%. In comparison, the recombinant MSP2 antigen showed lesser sensitivity and specificity of 79.0% and 69.2%, respectively. The cELISA was more sensitive and specific than IgG-ELISA. However, molecular detection by msp5 nested-PCR was highly sensitive and reliable for detection of carrier cattle for Anaplasma infection. The study indicated that a large cattle population (87.9%) was carrier for A. marginale infection in this region of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Bisen
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Andleeb Aftab
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - K Jeeva
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M Silamparasan
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Shobha Yadav
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Rajat Garg
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - O K Raina
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
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14
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Mitchell CE, Terranova U, Beale AM, Jones W, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, de Leeuw NH. A surface oxidised Fe–S catalyst for the liquid phase hydrogenation of CO2. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A surface oxidised Fe–S catalyst enhances the liquid phase conversion of CO2 to formate under mild hydrothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Mitchell
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - Umberto Terranova
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell
| | - Wilm Jones
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | | | - Nora H. de Leeuw
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
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15
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Nowicka E, Sankar M, Jenkins RL, Knight DW, Willock DJ, Hutchings GJ, Francisco M, Taylor SH. Controlled reduction of aromaticity of alkylated polyaromatic compounds by selective oxidation using H 2WO 4, H 3PO 4 and H 2O 2: a route for upgrading heavy oil fractions. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01986d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selectivity in the oxidation of alkylated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon can be specifically controlled by the choice solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Nowicka
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | | | - Robert L. Jenkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - David W. Knight
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - David J. Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | | | | | - Stuart H. Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
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16
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Allender CJ, Bowen JL, Celorrio V, Davies-Jones JA, Davies PR, Guan S, O’Reilly P, Sankar M. The Role of Growth Directors in Controlling the Morphology of Hematite Nanorods. Nanoscale Res Lett 2020; 15:161. [PMID: 32761390 PMCID: PMC7410940 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The control of the growth of hematite nanoparticles from iron chloride solutions under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of two different structure promoters has been studied using a range of both structural and spectroscopic techniques including the first report of photo induced force microscopy (PiFM) to map the topographic distribution of the structure-directing agents on the developing nanoparticles. We show that the shape of the nanoparticles can be controlled using the concentration of phosphate ions up to a limit determined to be ~6 × 10-3 mol. Akaganéite (β-FeOOH) is a major component of the nanoparticles formed in the absence of structure directors but only present in the very early stages (< 8 h) of particle growth when phosphate is present. The PiFM data suggest a correlation between the areas in which phosphate ions are adsorbed and areas where akaganéite persists on the surface. In contrast, goethite (α-FeOOH) is a directly observed precursor of the hematite nanorods when 1,2-diamino propane is present. The PiFM data shows goethite in the center of the developing particles consistent with a mechanism in which the iron hydroxide re-dissolves and precipitates at the nanorod ends as hematite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna L. Bowen
- CMD Ltd, Green Meadow Springs, Cardiff, CF15 7AB UK
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharm. Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB UK
| | - Veronica Celorrio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Josh A. Davies-Jones
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Philip R. Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Shaoliang Guan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Padraic O’Reilly
- Molecular Vista, 6840 Via Del Oro Suite 110, San Jose, CA 95119 USA
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17
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Macino M, Barnes AJ, Althahban SM, Qu R, Gibson EK, Morgan DJ, Freakley SJ, Dimitratos N, Kiely CJ, Gao X, Beale AM, Bethell D, He Q, Sankar M, Hutchings GJ. Author Correction: Tuning of catalytic sites in Pt/TiO2 catalysts for the chemoselective hydrogenation of 3-nitrostyrene. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-00500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Guadix-Montero S, Santos-Hernandez A, Folli A, Sankar M. Effect of support acidity during selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol over supported palladium-ruthenium catalysts. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 378:20200055. [PMID: 32623993 PMCID: PMC7422897 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the role of the acidity of support during the selectivity hydrogenolysis of glycerol over supported bimetallic palladium-ruthenium (PdRu) catalysts. The PdRu nanoparticles were supported on a series of metal oxides and zeolitic supports via the modified impregnation method and tested for the liquid-phase hydrogenolysis of glycerol using gaseous hydrogen. The relative acid site densities of selected catalysts were determined by ammonia temperature-programmed desorption and pyridine desorption experiments. Based on these studies, we report a direct correlation between the catalytic activity (conversion and 1,2 propane diol yield) and two different acid sites (strong acid sites and very strong acid sites). Besides zeolite-supported catalysts, TiO2 supported PdRu nanoparticles exhibit moderate catalytic activity; however, this catalyst shows high selectivity for the desired C-O bond cleavage to produce C3 products over the undesired C-C bond cleavage to produce < C3 products. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Science to enable the circular economy'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Guadix-Montero
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Alba Santos-Hernandez
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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19
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Bihaqi SJ, Allaie IM, Banday MAA, Sankar M, Wani ZA, Prasad A. Multiple anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of Caprines on Mountain Research Centre for Sheep and Goat at Kashmir Valley, India. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2020; 11:e00163. [PMID: 32984565 PMCID: PMC7494505 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the status of anthelmintic resistance in Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes (GINs) of goats at an organized farm located in Kashmir, as there is no report of resistance against these parasites of goats from this temperate region, although it has been reported worldwide including India. Caprines reared at this farm exhibited reduced efficacy to multiple anthelmintics following treatments with Fenbendazole (FBZ), Closantel and Ivermectin (IVM) in Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). The results suggested that the overall efficacy was highest for IVM at 83.5% and 90.0% on 7th and 14th day post-treatment, respectively and least for FBZ at 44.3% and 62.5%, respectively, whereas the corresponding figures for closantel were 68.3% and 86.2%, respectively. The pre-treatment faecal culture revealed Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis as predominant strongyles, however, in post-treatment samples, only H. contortus was observed. Further, the infective larvae were subjected to Allele specific PCR (AS-PCR) for accurate diagnosis of BZ resistance. The AS-PCR revealed 52% of H. contortus were homozygous resistant (rr) and 17% were heterozygous (rS) on day “0” before treatment and 100% homozygous resistant (rr) on 7th day post treatment. In both T. colubriformis and T. circumcincta, 100% population was homozygous susceptible (SS) at day “0” before treatment. The overall frequency of resistant (r) allele for H. contortus was 60.5% and for susceptible allele (s) was 39.5%. For T. colubriformis and T. circumcincta the frequency of susceptible allele (s) was 100%. The survey indicated that the GINs of goats on the farm have developed multiple anthelmintic resistance to FBZ, closantel and IVM and the condition is alarming in the farm. Moreover surveillance studies about status of anthelmintic resistance in other farms (Govternment as well as Private) of Kashmir valley should be carried out at large scale to develop effective and sustainable control strategies against GI Nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Bihaqi
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Alusteng, Srinagar, Kashmir-190006, J&K, India
| | - I M Allaie
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Alusteng, Srinagar, Kashmir-190006, J&K, India
| | - M A A Banday
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Alusteng, Srinagar, Kashmir-190006, J&K, India
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP, India
| | - Z A Wani
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Alusteng, Srinagar, Kashmir-190006, J&K, India
| | - A Prasad
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Regional Research Station of Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital-263138, Uttarakhand, India
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20
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Sankar M, He Q, Engel RV, Sainna MA, Logsdail AJ, Roldan A, Willock DJ, Agarwal N, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Role of the Support in Gold-Containing Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Catalysts. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3890-3938. [PMID: 32223178 PMCID: PMC7181275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In
this review, we discuss selected examples from recent literature
on the role of the support on directing the nanostructures of Au-based
monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles. The role of support is
then discussed in relation to the catalytic properties of Au-based
monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles using different gas phase
and liquid phase reactions. The reactions discussed include CO oxidation,
aerobic oxidation of monohydric and polyhydric alcohols, selective
hydrogenation of alkynes, hydrogenation of nitroaromatics, CO2 hydrogenation, C–C coupling, and methane oxidation.
Only studies where the role of support has been explicitly studied
in detail have been selected for discussion. However, the role of
support is also examined using examples of reactions involving unsupported
metal nanoparticles (i.e., colloidal nanoparticles). It is clear that
the support functionality can play a crucial role in tuning the catalytic
activity that is observed and that advanced theory and characterization
add greatly to our understanding of these fascinating catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian He
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575
| | - Rebecca V Engel
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Mala A Sainna
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Alberto Roldan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David J Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Nishtha Agarwal
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Christopher J Kiely
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015-3195, United States
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
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21
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Sahoo L, Sahoo S, Mohanty M, Sankar M, Dixit S, Das P, Rasal KD, Rather MA, Sundaray JK. Molecular characterization, computational analysis and expression profiling of Dmrt1 gene in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:413-426. [PMID: 31880491 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1707683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism of fish morphology, physiology and behavior is diverse and complex in nature. Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor (Dmrt) is a large protein family whose function is sexual development and differentiation in vertebrates. Here, we report a full-length cDNA sequence of Labeo rohita (rohu) Dmrt1 of 907 bp length having 798 bp of open reading frame encoding 265 amino acids. The molecular weight of rohu DMRT1 protein was found to be 28.74 KDa and isoelectric point was 7.53. DMRT1 protein contains 23 positively and 24 negatively charged amino acids with a GRAVY score of -0.618. A characteristic DM domain was found in DMRT1 protein, which is a novel DNA-binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed maximum similarity with Cyprinus carpio when compared with DMRT1 of other vertebrates. Molecular docking study identified active sites to be targeted for drug designing. Rohu DMRT1 was observed to interact with other proteins such as FOXL2, CYP19a1a, AMH and SOX9a. Differential expression study revealed higher expression in testis tissue implying its role in male sex differentiation and testicular development. The information generated in the present work could facilitate further research to resolve the issues related to gonadal maturation and reproduction of commercially important aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Mohanty
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Sankar
- ICAR-Central Marine Research Institute, Mandapam Regional Centre, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dixit
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P Das
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - K D Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M A Rather
- Division of Fish genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - J K Sundaray
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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22
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Abis L, Dimitritatos N, Sankar M, Freakley SJ, Hutchings GJ. The Effect of Polymer Addition on Base Catalysed Glycerol Oxidation Using Gold and Gold–Palladium Bimetallic Catalysts. Top Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-019-01212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The oxidation of glycerol represents both a viable route to catalytic upgrading of biomass and has become a model reaction for catalytic polyol oxidation. Gold and gold–palladium nanoparticle catalysts prepared by colloidal methods involving polymer additives have been extensively studied. However, the effect of residual polymer at the catalyst surface on reaction pathways has not been decoupled from particle size effects. We show that when using catalysts prepared without polymer stabilisers the addition of either polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone to the reaction changes the reaction rate and results in a change in reaction selectivity. We conclude that the polymer additive has a significant effect on the reaction pathway and that these systems should be considered as a metal surface–polymer interface catalytic systems and properties should not be rationalised solely based on nanoparticle size.
Graphic Abstract
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23
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Macino M, Barnes AJ, Althahban SM, Qu R, Gibson EK, Morgan DJ, Freakley SJ, Dimitratos N, Kiely CJ, Gao X, Beale AM, Bethell D, He Q, Sankar M, Hutchings GJ. Tuning of catalytic sites in Pt/TiO2 catalysts for the chemoselective hydrogenation of 3-nitrostyrene. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Abis L, Dimitratos N, Sankar M, Freakley SJ, Hutchings GJ. Plasmonic Oxidation of Glycerol Using Au/TiO2 Catalysts Prepared by Sol-Immobilisation. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Au nanoparticles supported on P25 TiO2 (Au/TiO2) were prepared by a facile sol-immobilisation method and investigated for the surface plasmon-assisted glycerol oxidation under base-free conditions. The Au/TiO2 samples were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Catalysts were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol as stabiliser as well as in the absence of polymer stabiliser. Both the conversion and the reaction selectivity are affected by the plasmon-assisted oxidation and there is an interplay between the presence of the stabiliser and the Au nanoparticle size.
Graphic Abstract
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25
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Cattaneo S, Althahban S, Freakley SJ, Sankar M, Davies T, He Q, Dimitratos N, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Synthesis of highly uniform and composition-controlled gold-palladium supported nanoparticles in continuous flow. Nanoscale 2019; 11:8247-8259. [PMID: 30976773 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09917k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of supported bimetallic nanoparticles with well-defined size and compositional parameters has long been a challenge. Although batch colloidal methods are commonly used to pre-form metal nanoparticles with the desired size-range in solution, inhomogeneous mixing of the reactant solutions often leads to variations in size, structure and composition from batch-to-batch and even particle-to-particle. Here we describe a millifluidic approach for the production of oxide supported monometallic Au and bimetallic AuPd nanoparticles in a continuous fashion. This optimised method enables the production of nanoparticles with smaller mean sizes, tighter particle size distributions and a more uniform particle-to-particle chemical composition as compared to the conventional batch procedure. In addition, we describe a facile procedure to prepare bimetallic Au@Pd core-shell nanoparticles in continuous flow starting from solutions of the metal precursors. Moreover, the relative ease of scalability of this technique makes the proposed methodology appealing not only for small-scale laboratory purposes, but also for the industrial-scale production of supported metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cattaneo
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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26
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Bhatt M, Rajak KK, Chakravarti S, Yadav AK, Kumar A, Gupta V, Chander V, Mathesh K, Chandramohan S, Sharma AK, Mahendran K, Sankar M, Muthuchelvan D, Gandham RK, Baig M, Singh RP, Singh RK. Phylogenetic analysis of haemagglutinin gene deciphering a new genetically distinct lineage of canine distemper virus circulating among domestic dogs in India. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:1252-1267. [PMID: 30725534 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Canine distemper (CD) is one of the highly contagious and invariably fatal viral diseases of dogs and other carnivores. Despite the widespread use of modified live vaccines to control CD, the prevalence of disease has increased at an alarming rate in recent years. Although a number of factors may be ascribed for vaccine failure, antigenic differences among the vaccine and wild-type strains have gained the interest of researchers. Considering the high genetic variability of haemagglutinin gene (H gene) and its role in eliciting the immune response to canine distemper virus (CDV), we have generated nine full-length CDV H gene sequences from infected dogs including three vaccinated cases. Bayesian analysis was performed using 102 full-length H gene nucleotide sequences over a time frame of 76 years (1940-2016) from 18 countries. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of CDV was estimated to be 1696 AD. Phylogenetic reconstruction clustered Indian wild-type viruses into a distinct monophyletic group clearly separated from the previously established CDV lineages. This signifies the presence of a novel genetic variant (proposed as "Lineage India-1/Asia-5") circulating among dog population in India. To investigate the importance of substitutions at amino acid residues 530 and 549 of CDV H protein in determining the host switches from canid to non-canid hosts, we analysed 125 H gene sequences including nine sequences generated in this study. Selection pressure analysis and analysis of amino acid sequences revealed a trend towards adaptation of 549H variants in non-canid hosts although no role of G/E530R/D/N substitution could be identified. This is the first comprehensive study about the nature and ecology of CDV circulating among dog population in India. Outbreaks in vaccinated animals as observed in this study have raised a concern towards the effectiveness of current vaccine strains warranting detailed investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bhatt
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.,Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, India
| | - K K Rajak
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - S Chakravarti
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - A K Yadav
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.,ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, India
| | - A Kumar
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - V Gupta
- CADRAD, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - V Chander
- CADRAD, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - K Mathesh
- Centre for wildlife, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - S Chandramohan
- Centre for wildlife, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Centre for wildlife, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - K Mahendran
- Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - M Sankar
- TAH Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Nainital, India
| | - D Muthuchelvan
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Nainital, India
| | - R K Gandham
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Baig
- Department of Zoology, Goverment Vidarbha Institute of Science & Humanities, Amravati, India
| | - R P Singh
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
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27
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Nehra AK, Gowane GR, Kuriyal A, Chaurasiya A, Kumar R, Bhinsara DB, Parthasarathi BC, Bhawana K, Khare RK, Prasad A, Chandra D, Sankar M. Immune response against subclinical haemonchosis in Himalayan hill goats. Vet Parasitol 2019; 267:47-53. [PMID: 30878085 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Haemonchosis commonly occurs as chronic and subclinical infection in small ruminants, and understanding of immunological response against subclinical haemonchosis is of paramount importance for designing and implementing effective control strategies. The present study was designed to evaluate immunological response during subclinical haemonchosis, experimentally established in goats. Sixteen 5-6 month-old helminth naive kids were randomly allocated into one of two groups, infected and uninfected; the infected group being infected per os with 250 Haemonchus contortus larvae per kg body weight. Faecal, blood and serum samples were collected every third day up to 30 days post-infection (DPI), thereafter weekly up to 58 DPI to record changes in faecal egg count (FEC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), peripheral eosinophil percentage and immunological parameters, such as macrophage cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, 13, 25, 33) and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgE). Pre-patent period of H. contortus in the present study was 18 days and eggs per gram (EPG) peaked on 30 DPI. The total reduction in body weight gain in the infected group was 26 g per day when compared with uninfected animals. Hb (7.35 ± 0.34 g/dL in infected animals compared with 9.76 ± 0.67 in control animals) and PCV levels (22 ± 1.54 g/dL in infected animals compared with 29.2 ± 1.27 in control animals) decreased significantly up to 44 DPI in infected group (P = 0.000). IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, IgG and IgE showed significant increase in infected animals at different periods. IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-25 did not show any significant changes barring a steep rise of IFN-γ on 27 DPI. A positive correlation was observed between IgE and IL-4 in subclinical haemonchosis. Of particular note was that all the major cytokines, such as IFN-γ (P = 0.000), IL-4 (P = 0.000), IL-13 (P = 0.009), and both IgG (P = 0.000) and IgE (P = 0.003), were observed at the lowest concentration on 24 DPI. The effect of infection was found to be significant on cytokines with a strong interaction with time. Taken together, the data suggest that Th2 immune response is predominating in subclinical haemonchosis. The economic loss in term of body weight gain due to subclinical haemonchosis was considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Nehra
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - G R Gowane
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - A Kuriyal
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - A Chaurasiya
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - R Kumar
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - D B Bhinsara
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - B C Parthasarathi
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - K Bhawana
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - R K Khare
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India
| | - A Prasad
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar Campus, India
| | - D Chandra
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar Campus, India
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar Campus, India.
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28
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Mitchell CE, Terranova U, Alshibane I, Morgan DJ, Davies TE, He Q, Hargreaves JSJ, Sankar M, de Leeuw NH. Liquid phase hydrogenation of CO2 to formate using palladium and ruthenium nanoparticles supported on molybdenum carbide. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02114k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the development of palladium nanoparticles supported on Mo2C as an active catalyst for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of CO2 to formate under mild reaction conditions (100 °C and 2.0 MPa of a 1 : 1 CO2 : H2 mixture).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Mitchell
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
| | - Umberto Terranova
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
| | | | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
| | - Thomas E. Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
| | - Qian He
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
| | | | | | - Nora H. de Leeuw
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 4AT
- UK
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29
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Abstract
AuPd nanoparticles supported on P25 TiO2 (AuPd/TiO2) were prepared by a facile sol-immobilisation method and investigated for surface plasmon-assisted glycerol oxidation under base-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abis
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | | | | | - Simon J. Freakley
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
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30
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Sankar M, Green SM, Mishra PK, Snoalv JTC, Sharma NK, Karthikeyan K, Somasundaram J, Kadam DM, Dinesh D, Kumar S, Kasthuri Thilagam V. Nationwide Soil Erosion Assessment in India Using Radioisotope Tracers <sup>137</sup>Cs and <sup>210</sup>Pb:The Need for Fallout Mapping. CURR SCI INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v115/i3/388-390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Hao CH, Guo XN, Sankar M, Yang H, Ma B, Zhang YF, Tong XL, Jin GQ, Guo XY. Synergistic Effect of Segregated Pd and Au Nanoparticles on Semiconducting SiC for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:23029-23036. [PMID: 29914262 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient catalytic hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines with molecular hydrogen at room temperature is still a challenge. In this study, this transformation was achieved by using a photocatalyst of SiC-supported segregated Pd and Au nanoparticles. Under visible-light irradiation, the nitrobenzene hydrogenation reached a turnover frequency as high as 1715 h-1 at 25 °C and 0.1 MPa of H2 pressure. This exceptional catalytic activity is attributed to a synergistic effect of Pd and Au nanoparticles on the semiconducting SiC, which is different from the known electronic or ensemble effects in Pd-Au catalysts. This kind of synergism originates from the plasmonic electron injection of Au and the Mott-Schottky contact at the interface between Pd and SiC. This three-component system changes the electronic structures of the SiC surface and produces more active sites to accommodate the active hydrogen that spills over from the surface of Pd. These active hydrogen species have weaker interactions with the SiC surface and thus are more mobile than on an inert support, resulting in an ease in reacting with the N═O bonds in nitrobenzene absorbed on SiC to produce aniline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Hong Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039 , China
| | - Xiao-Ning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT , U.K
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 206 Roger Adams Laboratory , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , MC-712, 600 South Mathews Avenue , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Ben Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039 , China
| | - Yue-Fei Zhang
- Institute of Microstructure & Property of Advanced Materials , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
| | - Xi-Li Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
| | - Guo-Qiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
| | - Xiang-Yun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030001 , China
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32
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Nowicka E, Hickey NW, Sankar M, Jenkins RL, Knight DW, Willock DJ, Hutchings GJ, Francisco M, Taylor SH. Mechanistic Insights into Selective Oxidation of Polyaromatic Compounds using RICO Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:12359-12369. [PMID: 29790204 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation (RICO) of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been studied in detail using experimental and computational approaches to explore the reaction mechanism. DFT calculations show that regioselectivity in these reactions can be understood in terms of the preservation of aromaticity in the initial formation of a [3+2] metallocycle intermediate at the most-isolated double bond. We identify two competing pathways: C-C bond cleavage leading to a dialdehyde and C-H activation followed by H migration to the RuOx complex to give diketones. Experimentally, the oxidation of pyrene and phenanthrene has been carried out in monophasic and biphasic solvent systems. Our results show that diketones are the major product for both phenanthrene and pyrene substrates. These diketone products are shown to be stable under our reaction conditions so that higher oxidation products (acids and their derivatives) are assigned to the competing pathway through the dialdehyde. Experiments using 18 O-labelled water do show incorporation of oxygen from the solvents into products, but this may take place during the formation of the reactive RuO4 species rather than directly during PAH oxidation. When the oxidation of pyrene is carried out using D2 O, a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) is observed implying that water is involved in the rate-determining step leading to the diketone products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Nowicka
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany.,Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Niamh W Hickey
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Robert L Jenkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David W Knight
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David J Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Manuel Francisco
- ExxonMobil, Research & Engineering Company, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey, 08801, USA
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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33
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Bhyrappa P, Sankar M, Karunanithi K, Varghese B. Highly Nonplanar Macrocyclic Ring Conformation in the Crystal Structures of Ni(II) And Cu(II) Octaphenylporphyrins. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Bhyrappa P, Sankar M. Effect of solvent on the electronic absorption spectral properties of some mixed β-octasubstituted Zn(II)-tetraphenylporphyrins. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 189:80-85. [PMID: 28802858 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of mixed β-octasubstituted Zn(II)-porphyrins, 2,3,12,13-tetra(chloro/cyano/methyl)-5,7,8,10,15,17,18,20-octaphenylporphinato zinc(II), ZnTPP(Ph)4X4 (X=CN, Cl and CH3) have been examined by electronic absorption spectroscopy in various solvents. These Zn(II)-porphyrins exhibited varying degree of red-shift of absorption bands as high as 20-30nm in 'B' band and 50-60nm in longest wavelength band, 'Q(0,0)' band in polar solvents relative to that found in nonpolar solvents. The red-shift of B and Q(0,0) bands showed an unusual trend, ZnTPP(Ph)4(CN)4>ZnTPP(Ph)4(CH3)4>ZnTPP(Ph)4Cl4 but fails to follow an anticipated anodic shift in first porphyrin ring oxidation (vs Ag/AgCl) potential: ZnTPP(Ph)4(CN)4 (1.02V)>ZnTPP(Ph)4Cl4 (0.74V)>ZnTPP(Ph)4(CH3)4 (0.38V). Such a trend suggests the combined effect of non-planarity of the macrocycle and electronic effect of the peripheral substituents. The equilibrium constants for the binding of nitrogenous bases with the Zn(II)-porphyrins showed as high as twenty fold increase for ZnTPP(Ph)4X4 (X=Br and CN) relative to ZnTPP(Ph)4(CH3)4 and follow the order: ZnTPP(Ph)4(CN)4>ZnTPP(Ph)4Br4>ZnTPP(Ph)4(CH3)4≤ZnTPP which is approximately in line with an increase in anodic shift of their first ring redox potentials (ZnTPP(Ph)4(CN)4 (1.02V)>ZnTPP(Ph)4Br4 (0.72V)>ZnTPP (0.84V)>ZnTPP(Ph)4(CH3)4) (0.38V).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhyrappa
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu State, India.
| | - M Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu State, India
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35
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Cattaneo S, Freakley SJ, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, Dimitratos N, Hutchings GJ. Cinnamaldehyde hydrogenation using Au–Pd catalysts prepared by sol immobilisation. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02556d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the catalytic performance of Au–Pd nanoparticles prepared via a sol immobilisation technique for the catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cattaneo
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - Simon J. Freakley
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
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36
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Rucinska E, Miedziak PJ, Pattisson S, Brett GL, Iqbal S, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, Hutchings GJ. Cinnamyl alcohol oxidation using supported bimetallic Au–Pd nanoparticles: an investigation of autoxidation and catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examine autoxidation and its role on the catalytic aerobic oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol using supported AuPd nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sarwat Iqbal
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- UK
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37
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Nowicka E, Clarke TJ, Sankar M, Jenkins RL, Knight DW, Golunski S, Hutchings GJ, Willock DJ, Francisco M, Taylor SH. Oxidation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons using Ruthenium-Ion-Catalyzed Oxidation: The Role of Aromatic Ring Number in Reaction Kinetics and Product Distribution. Chemistry 2017; 24:655-662. [PMID: 29131412 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons with differing numbers of fused aromatic rings (2-5), have been studied in two solvent environments (monophasic and biphasic) using ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation (RICO). RICO reduces the aromaticity of the polyaromatic core of the molecule in a controlled manner by selective oxidative ring opening. Moreover, the nature of the solvent system determines the product type and distribution, for molecules with more than two aromatic rings. Competitive oxidation between substrates with different numbers of aromatic rings has been studied in detail. It was found that the rate of polyaromatic hydrocarbon oxidation increases with the number of fused aromatic rings. A similar trend was also identified for alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons. The proof-of-concept investigation provides new insight into selective oxidation chemistry for upgrading of polyaromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Nowicka
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Tomos J Clarke
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Robert L Jenkins
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David W Knight
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Stanislaw Golunski
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - David J Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Manuel Francisco
- ExxonMobil, Research & Engineering Company, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey, 08801, USA
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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38
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Abis L, Freakley SJ, Dodekatos G, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, Dimitratos N, He Q, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Inside Back Cover: Highly Active Gold and Gold-Palladium Catalysts Prepared by Colloidal Methods in the Absence of Polymer Stabilizers (ChemCatChem 15/2017). ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abis
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Simon J. Freakley
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Georgios Dodekatos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | | | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Qian He
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Lehigh University; 5 East Packer Avenue Bethlehem PA 18015-3195 USA
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
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39
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Dixit AK, Das G, Dixit P, Singh AP, Kumbhakar NK, Sankar M, Sharma RL. An assessment of benzimidazole resistance against caprine nematodes in Central India. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:1471-1478. [PMID: 28717849 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current status of resistance to benzimidazole (BZ) group of anthelmintic drugs against caprine nematodes in Central India at Amanala goat farm, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (M. P.), was systematically investigated using faecal egg count reduction (FECR) test and egg hatch test (EHT). Besides, allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) was deployed to ascertain the susceptible genotype (alleles) especially of the Haemonchus contortus. Randomly selected 30 goats, irrespective of age and sex, were divided into three groups of 10 each, to serve as treated and untreated controls. It was ensured that the animals were not administered with an anthelmintic drug for the past 3 months prior to undertaking the study, and faecal egg counts were estimated. FECR test evidenced fenbendazole resistance by partial elimination (24.90%) copro-egg counts in the treated group of animals vis-à-vis controls with a lower confidence interval of -26%. Further, EHT revealed ED-50 value of 0.335 μg of thiabendazole/ml, confirming benzimidazole resistance in the animals of that farm. AS-PCR showed that 62% of H. contortus larvae were homozygous resistant (rr), 24% heterozygous (rS) and 14% homozygous susceptible (SS). The genotypic frequencies of three genotypes (rr, rS and SS) were significantly (P < 0.01) different. The prevalence of benzimidazole resistance allele (r) was also significantly (P < 0.01) higher (74%) as compared to susceptible allele (S) (26%). The resistance to benzimidazole has been discussed while emphasizing improved managemental practices designed to reduce exposure of the goat population to parasites, minimize frequency of anthelmintic use at optimum dose and rotational use of different chemical groups of medicines with different mode of action, so as to overcome and combat the upcoming problem in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Dixit
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India.
| | - G Das
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India
| | - Pooja Dixit
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India
| | - A P Singh
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Adhartal, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India
| | - N K Kumbhakar
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India
| | - M Sankar
- Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R L Sharma
- , 833/44, Ranisati Nagar, P.O. Shyam Nagar, Ajmer Road, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302019, India
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40
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Al-Rifai N, Miedziak PJ, Morad M, Sankar M, Waldron C, Cattaneo S, Cao E, Pattisson S, Morgan D, Bethell D, Hutchings GJ, Gavriilidis A. Deactivation Behavior of Supported Gold Palladium Nanoalloy Catalysts during the Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol in a Micropacked Bed Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Al-Rifai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
- Coty Inc., Luxury Fragrances R&D, Product Development, HFC Prestige, Egham, TW20 9NW, U.K
| | - Peter J. Miedziak
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Moataz Morad
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, PO. Box 21955, 9264 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Conor Waldron
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Enhong Cao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - David Morgan
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Donald Bethell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
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41
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Abis L, Freakley SJ, Dodekatos G, Morgan DJ, Sankar M, Dimitratos N, He Q, Kiely CJ, Hutchings GJ. Highly Active Gold and Gold–Palladium Catalysts Prepared by Colloidal Methods in the Absence of Polymer Stabilizers. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abis
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Simon J. Freakley
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Georgios Dodekatos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | | | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Qian He
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
| | - Christopher J. Kiely
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Lehigh University 5 East Packer Avenue Bethlehem PA 18015-3195 USA
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF103AT UK
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42
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Douthwaite M, Huang X, Iqbal S, Miedziak PJ, Brett GL, Kondrat SA, Edwards JK, Sankar M, Knight DW, Bethell D, Hutchings GJ. The controlled catalytic oxidation of furfural to furoic acid using AuPd/Mg(OH)2. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01025g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The selective oxidation of furfural to furoic acid is achieved at mild reaction conditions over an AuPd/Mg(OH)2 heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Xiaoyang Huang
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Sarwat Iqbal
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Peter J. Miedziak
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Gemma L. Brett
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Simon A. Kondrat
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Jennifer K. Edwards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | | | - David W. Knight
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Donald Bethell
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
| | - Graham J. Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff
- CF10 3AT UK
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43
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Morad M, Nowicka E, Douthwaite M, Iqbal S, Miedziak P, Edwards JK, Brett GL, He Q, Morgan D, Alshammari H, Bethell D, Knight DW, Sankar M, Hutchings GJ. Multifunctional supported bimetallic catalysts for a cascade reaction with hydrogen auto transfer: synthesis of 4-phenylbutan-2-ones from 4-methoxybenzyl alcohols. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00184c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One pot synthesis of Raspberry Ketone Methyl Ether using a multifunctional AuPd supported on MgO catalyst.
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44
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Latchumikanthan A, Prasad A, Sankar M, Pavan Kumar P, Jithin MV, Aravind M. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based amplification of hmcp3 and hmcp6 cysteine protease genes of Haemonchus contortus from small ruminants. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:1313-1316. [PMID: 27876938 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-015-0679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is a haematophagous nematode in small ruminants population and causes anaemia, weakness and mortality especially in young animals. In the present study, hmcp3 partial gene of 836 bp and hmcp6 full length gene of 1041 bp were amplified from the cDNA of Bareilly isolate of adult male H. contortus by polymerase chain reaction. Further gene characterization and expression studies are warranted to know the immunoprophylactic potential of hmcp3 and hmcp6 proteins of H. contortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Latchumikanthan
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122 UP India
| | - A Prasad
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122 UP India
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Temperate Animal Husbandry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteshwar, Nainital, 263 138 Uttarakhand India
| | - Pesingi Pavan Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122 UP India
| | - M V Jithin
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122 UP India
| | - M Aravind
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122 UP India
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45
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Singh S, Sankar M, Karim A, Cordeiro Da-Silva A, Project Team K. Immunomodulatory and toxicological safety studies of two novel anti-leishmanial compounds. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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46
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Singh J, Kumar P, Sankar M, Singh S, Couvin D, Rastogi D, Katoch V, Chauhan D, Katoch M, Rodrigues C, Lakshmi D, Taori D, Bhattacharya D, Singh D, Swaminathan S. Molecular characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in India. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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47
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Singh MN, Raina OK, Sankar M, Rialch A, Tigga MN, Kumar GR, Banerjee PS. Molecular detection and genetic diversity of Babesia gibsoni in dogs in India. Infect Genet Evol 2016; 41:100-106. [PMID: 27020545 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Babesia gibsoni is a tick borne intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite causing piroplasmosis in dogs and has been predominantly reported in Asian countries, including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Bangladesh and India. The present communication is the first evidence on the genetic diversity of B. gibsoni of dogs in India. Blood samples were collected from 164 dogs in north and northeast states of India and 13 dogs (7.9%) were found positive for B. gibsoni infection by microscopic examination of blood smears. Molecular confirmation of these microscopic positive cases for B. gibsoni was carried out by 18S rRNA nested-PCR, followed by sequencing. Nested-PCR for the 18S rRNA gene was also carried out on microscopically B. gibsoni negative samples that detected a higher percentage of dogs (28.6%) infected with B. gibsoni. Genetic diversity in B. gibsoni in India was determined by studying B. gibsoni thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (BgTRAP) gene fragments (855bp) in 19 isolates from four north and northeast states of India. Phylogenetic analysis of the BgTRAP gene revealed that B. gibsoni parasite in India and Bangladesh formed a distinct cluster away from other Asian B. gibsoni isolates available from Japan, Taiwan and Korea. In addition, tandem repeat analysis of the BgTRAP gene clearly showed considerable genetic variation among Indian isolates that was shared by B. gibsoni isolates of Bangladesh. These results suggested that B. gibsoni parasites in a different genetic clade are endemic in dogs in India and Bangladesh. Further studies are required for better understanding of the genetic diversity of B. gibsoni prevalent in India and in its neighbouring countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Singh
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - O K Raina
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
| | - M Sankar
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Ajayta Rialch
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M N Tigga
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - G Ravi Kumar
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - P S Banerjee
- Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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48
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Sankar M, Bhatt M, Gowane GR, Narayanan K, Kumar M, Zahid AK, Saravanan BC, Allie I, Subramani KV, Sharma AK, Prasad A. Effect of non-genetic factors on the prevalence of Stilesia globipunctata in the goat. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2016-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Despite its high prevalence and pathogenicity, Stilesia globipunctata is a neglected cestode infection of ruminants in the tropics and sub-tropics. The present study reports the effect of sex, age, year and month on the prevalence of S. globipunctata in the goat. A total of 5208 eviscerated intestines of the goat carcasses were screened for a period of seven years, from January 2001 to December 2007. The overall prevalence of 36.6 % was significantly affected by the factors studied (P<0.05). Male goats were more susceptible to the S. globipunctata infection than that of female (P<0.05). Goat aged between 6 months and 1 year were found to be significantly more susceptible (P<0.05) which was followed by animals between 1 and 4 years of age and then more than 4 years of age. Morbidity was high (59 to 86 %) in animals of less than one year of age. The striking observation was that the prevalence peaked during monsoon and at nadir in May.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Sankar
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
| | - M. Bhatt
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
| | - G. R. Gowane
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
| | - K. Narayanan
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M. Kumar
- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, India
| | - A. K. Zahid
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - I. Allie
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - A. K. Sharma
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
| | - A. Prasad
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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49
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Sankar M, He Q, Dawson S, Nowicka E, Lu L, Bruijnincx PCA, Beale AM, Kiely CJ, Weckhuysen BM. Supported bimetallic nano-alloys as highly active catalysts for the one-pot tandem synthesis of imines and secondary amines from nitrobenzene and alcohols. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
All-in-one: supported nanoalloys as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of imines and secondary amines directly from nitrobenzene and benzylic alcohols using a hydrogen auto transfer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshisundaram Sankar
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Qian He
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Lehigh University
- Bethlehem
- USA
| | - Simon Dawson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | - Ewa Nowicka
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff CF10 3AT
- UK
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Lehigh University
- Bethlehem
- USA
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Research Complex at Harwell
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
| | | | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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50
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Sankar M, Rajkumar J, Sridhar D. Hepatoprotective Activity of Heptoplus on Isoniazid and Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:556-62. [PMID: 26798170 PMCID: PMC4700708 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.169028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of heptoplus a polyherbal formulation as an oral supplementary agent for isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 50 and 100 mg/kg of heptoplus supplement were fed orally to the rats along with isoniazid and rifampicin and compared to rats treated with 100 mg/kg Liv 52 standard drug. Rats treated with isoniazid and rifampicin suffered from severe oxidative stress by the virtue of free radicals induced lipid per oxidation. As a result abnormal index of serum biochemical markers for liver function and increased liver lysosomal enzymes activity was observed. However rats nourished with 100 mg/kg of heptoplus and Liv 52 protected the liver from oxidative damage by maintaining normal antioxidant profile status and restored normal serum liver biochemical markers. Increased liver lysosomal enzymes activity is prevented in the rats supplemented with heptoplus and Liv 52. Histopathological analysis also revealed severe vascular changes and lobular necrosis in the treatment of isoniazid and rifampicin. Heptoplus (100 mg/kg) and Liv 52 supplemented rats liver apparently revealed normal architecture of liver. This study confirms that heptoplus has liver protective activity against Isoniazid and Rifampicin induced liver injury in rats, in par with Liv 52.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Sankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai-602 105, India
| | - Johanna Rajkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai-602 105, India
| | - Dorai Sridhar
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai-602 105, India
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