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Möller K, Löwe A, Jenssen C, Chaubal N, Gottschall H, Misselwitz B, Kurapati MR, Puritipati AR, Dong Y, Faiss S, Dietrich CF. Comments and Illustrations of Ultrasound Findings in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Manifestations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:706. [PMID: 38611619 PMCID: PMC11011484 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review describes the appearance of extrapulmonary tuberculosis manifestations in comprehensive and multiparametric ultrasound imaging. The aim is to increase awareness of typical ultrasound findings regarding extrapulmonary tuberculosis, correlate those with pathological features, and facilitate differential diagnosis. Point of care ultrasound protocols can be used as a screening method in high-risk populations, although the negative findings do not exclude tuberculosis. Conversely, the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis can never be made using ultrasound alone, as many ultrasound findings in extrapulmonary tuberculosis are non-specific. However, ultrasound-based sampling techniques can significantly facilitate the collection of samples for microbiological or molecular proof of tuberculosis, as well as facilitating the establishment of alternative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Möller
- Medical Department I/Gastroenterology, Sana Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.); (H.G.); (S.F.)
| | - Axel Löwe
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Christian Jenssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Märkisch-Oderland, 15344 Strausberg, Germany; (C.J.); (A.R.P.)
- Brandenburg Institute for Clinical Ultrasound (BICUS), Medical University Brandenburg, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Nitin Chaubal
- Thane Ultrasound Center, Thane 400601, India;
- Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai 400026, India
| | - Heike Gottschall
- Medical Department I/Gastroenterology, Sana Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.); (H.G.); (S.F.)
| | | | - Meghana Reddy Kurapati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Märkisch-Oderland, 15344 Strausberg, Germany; (C.J.); (A.R.P.)
| | - Anoop Reddy Puritipati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus Märkisch-Oderland, 15344 Strausberg, Germany; (C.J.); (A.R.P.)
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China;
| | - Siegbert Faiss
- Medical Department I/Gastroenterology, Sana Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany; (K.M.); (H.G.); (S.F.)
| | - Christoph F. Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland;
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