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Hausenloy DJ, Lim MX, Chan MHH, Paradies V, Francis R, Kotecha T, Knight DS, Fontana M, Kellman P, Moon JC, Bulluck H. Interrogation of the infarcted and salvaged myocardium using multi-parametric mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance in reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9056. [PMID: 31227761 PMCID: PMC6588689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We used multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) mapping to interrogate the myocardium following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Forty-eight STEMI patients underwent CMR at 4 ± 2 days. One matching short-axis slice of native T1 map, T2 map, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and automated extracellular volume fraction (ECV) maps per patient were analyzed. Manual regions-of-interest were drawn within the infarcted, the salvaged and the remote myocardium. A subgroup analysis was performed in those without MVO and with ≤75% transmural extent of infarct. For the whole cohort, T1, T2 and ECV in both the infarcted and the salvaged myocardium were significantly higher than in the remote myocardium. T1 and T2 could not differentiate between the salvaged and the infarcted myocardium, but ECV was significantly higher in the latter. In the subgroup analysis of 15 patients, similar findings were observed for T1 and T2. However, there was only a trend towards ECVsalvage being higher than ECVremote. In the clinical setting, current native T1 and T2 methods with the specific voxel sizes at 1.5 T could not differentiate between the infarcted and salvaged myocardium, whereas ECV could differentiate between the two. ECV was also higher in the salvaged myocardium when compared to the remote myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Xing Lim
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mervyn H H Chan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Valeria Paradies
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rohin Francis
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tushar Kotecha
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel S Knight
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marianna Fontana
- National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - James C Moon
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Heerajnarain Bulluck
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom. .,Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Bulluck H, Chowdhury N, Lim MX, Allen JC, Bryant JA, Chan MY, Chan MHH, Chin CWL, Ho HH, Lim ST, Tan RS, Tan JW, Wong PE, Yeo KK, Cook SA, Hausenloy DJ. Feasibility to Perform T 2 * Mapping Postcontrast Administration in Reperfused STEMI Patients for the Detection of Intramyocardial Hemorrhage. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:644-645. [PMID: 31087614 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heerajnarain Bulluck
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Cardiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Nazia Chowdhury
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Xing Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John C Allen
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer A Bryant
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Y Chan
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mervyn H H Chan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Calvin W L Chin
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hee Hwa Ho
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo T Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ru-San Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jack W Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip E Wong
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khung K Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK.,The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Lim MX, Jiao H, Png CW, Tan SWK, Zhang Y. Differential regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by MAP kinases in macrophages in response to intestinal parasite infection (MPF3P.816). The Journal of Immunology 2014. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.132.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Blastocystis is a common enteric parasite that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. However, the pathogenic status of Blastocystis remains unclear. In this study, we found that Blastocystis induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in murine colon and macrophages. We showed that Blastocystis also induced the activation of the three major groups of MAP kinases (ERK, JNK, and p38) in macrophages. The use of MAPK-specific inhibitors in this study demonstrated differential regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages by MAPKs in response to Blastocystis. We found that ERK activation is important for the expression IL-6 and TNF-α at both mRNA and protein levels and the mRNA expression of IL-1β in response to Blastocystis stimulation. Inhibition of JNK significantly suppressed all three pro-inflammatory cytokines at both mRNA and protein levels. p38 inhibition only suppressed IL-6 secretion but not IL-1β and TNF-α. Furthermore, we found that serine proteases from Blastocystis are important for the activation of MAPKs and cytokine expression in macrophages. Our study demonstrated for the first time that Blastocystis could induce the expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines via activation of MAP kinases, and infection with Blastocystis may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory intestinal diseases through the activation of inflammatory pathways in host immune cells such as macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xing Lim
- 1Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huipeng Jiao
- 1Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Wen Png
- 1Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Yongliang Zhang
- 1Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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