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Meiring S, Tempia S, Bhiman J, Kleynhans J, Buys A, Makhasi M, Mcmorrow M, Moyes J, Quan V, Walaza S, Plessis MD, Wolter N, Von Gottberg A, Cohen C. Prolonged shedding of SARS-CoV-2 at high viral load amongst hospitalised immunocompromised persons living with HIV in South Africa. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [PMCID: PMC8884730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods & Materials Results Conclusion
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Ho A, Mapurisa G, Madanitsa M, Kalilani-Phiri L, Kamiza S, Makanani B, Ter Kuile FO, Buys A, Treurnicht F, Everett D, Mwapasa V, Widdowson MA, Mcmorrow M, Heyderman RS. Impact of Maternal HIV Infection and Placental Malaria on the Transplacental Transfer of Influenza Antibodies in Mother-Infant Pairs in Malawi, 2013-2014. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz383. [PMID: 31660347 PMCID: PMC6785697 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal influenza vaccination protects infants against influenza virus infection. Impaired transplacental transfer of influenza antibodies may reduce this protection. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of influenza vaccine–naïve pregnant women recruited at delivery from Blantyre (urban, low malaria transmission) and Chikwawa (rural, high malaria transmission) in Southern Malawi. HIV-infected mothers were excluded in Chikwawa. Maternal and cord blood antibodies against circulating influenza strains A/California/7/2009, A/Victoria/361/2011, B/Brisbane/60/2008, and B/Wisconsin/1/2010 were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI). We studied the impact of maternal HIV infection and placental malaria on influenza antibody levels in mother–infant pairs in Blantyre and Chikwawa, respectively. Results We included 454 mother–infant pairs (Blantyre, n = 253; Chikwawa, n = 201). HIV-infected mothers and their infants had lower seropositivity (HAI titer ≥1:40) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (mothers, 24.3 vs 45.4%; P = .02; infants, 24.3 vs 50.5%; P = .003) and A(H3N2) (mothers, 37.8% vs 63.9%; P = .003; infants, 43.2 vs 64.8%; P = .01), whereas placental malaria had an inconsistent effect on maternal and infant seropositivity. In multivariable analyses, maternal HIV infection was associated with reduced infant seropositivity (A(H1N1)pdm09: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15–0.79; A(H3N2): aOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21–0.89). Transplacental transfer was not impaired by maternal HIV or placental malaria. Conclusions Maternal HIV infection influenced maternal antibody response to influenza A virus infection, and thereby antibody levels in newborns, but did not affect transplacental antibody transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ho
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK.,Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gugulethu Mapurisa
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mwayiwawo Madanitsa
- University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.,MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Steve Kamiza
- University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - B Makanani
- Department of Obstetrics, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Feiko O Ter Kuile
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amelia Buys
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Florette Treurnicht
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa.,Department of Medical Virology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dean Everett
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Victor Mwapasa
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Meredith Mcmorrow
- Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robert S Heyderman
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
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