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Taghouti M, García J, Ibáñez MA, Macchiavelli RE, Nicodemus N. Relationship between Body Chemical Composition and Reproductive Traits in Rabbit Does. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082299. [PMID: 34438759 PMCID: PMC8388528 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary At the beginning of the productive life of rabbit does, there must be a balance between ensuring at least a minimal degree of bodily development to guarantee a successful reproductive life, and the minimization of the unproductive rearing period, but nowadays there is no clear recommendation about the optimal moment for the first artificial insemination (AI). A better body condition at the first AI (higher body protein, fat and energy), that indicates a higher degree of maturity of the rabbit doe, did not influence fertility at the first AI (that is usually very high), but improved it at the second AI (that is usually lower than the first one). The percentage of kits born alive at the first and at the second AI also were positively influenced by the body protein content at the first AI. We can conclude that the degree of maturity at the first AI is a key point to optimize the does reproductive success, with body fat and body protein content being relevant factors. Abstract The relationship among live weight, chemical body composition and energy content (at artificial insemination (AI) and three days before parturition), estimated by bioelectrical impedance with fertility rates and the percentage of kits born alive, was studied during the first three AI. The first AI was conducted at 16 weeks of age in 137 rabbit does that weighted 3.91 ± 0.46 kg. Their body chemical composition was 17.4 ± 0.50%, 16.1 ± 2.6%, 1067 ± 219 kJ/100 g body weight, for protein, fat and energy, respectively. An increase in body protein, fat and energy content at the first AI did not affect fertility at the first AI but improved it at the second AI (p ≤ 0.030). Moreover, an increase in body fat and energy content at the second AI improved fertility at the second AI (p ≤ 0.001). Fertility at the third AI was positively influenced by body protein at the third AI and the increase in body protein and fat between the second parturition and the third AI (p ≤ 0.030). The percentage of kits born alive at the first and at the second AI improved with the increase in body protein at the first AI (p ≤ 0.040). In conclusion, a minimal body protein and fat content is required at the first AI to optimize the reproductive performance in young does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Taghouti
- FeedInov CoLab, Integrated Production Systems, Quinta da Fonte Boa, 2005-048 Santarém, Portugal;
| | - Javier García
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Senda del Rey 18, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Ibáñez
- Departamento de Economía Agraria, Estadística y Gestión de Empresas, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Senda del Rey 18, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raúl E. Macchiavelli
- Colegio de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Mayagüez 00681-9000, Puerto Rico;
| | - Nuria Nicodemus
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Senda del Rey 18, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9106-71072
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Taghouti M, Martins-Gomes C, Félix LM, Schäfer J, Santos JA, Bunzel M, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Polyphenol composition and biological activity of Thymus citriodorus and Thymus vulgaris: Comparison with endemic Iberian Thymus species. Food Chem 2020; 331:127362. [PMID: 32590268 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The polyphenol compositions of Thymus × citriodorus and Thymus vulgaris extracts as obtained by exhaustive hydroethanolic (HE) extraction and aqueous decoction (AD) were compared. In addition, their compositions and bioactivities were compared to those of Thymus pulegioides and Thymus mastichina, grown under the same edaphoclimatic conditions, and Thymus carnosus. Rosmarinic acid was the most abundant polyphenol followed by luteolin-hexuronide, salvianolic acids I and K. Cluster analysis suggests a similarity of the polyphenol composition of T. citriodorus and T. vulgaris. A significant antioxidant activity was observed and correlated with their polyphenol levels. The same being observed for the higher anti-proliferative activity/cytotoxicity of HE extracts on Caco-2 and HepG2 cells as compared to AD extracts. Significant association between the total phenolic compounds with the anti-proliferative activity, for both cell lines, was observed. These results support the importance of salvianolic acids levels in Thymus extracts and their in vitro anti-proliferative/cytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Taghouti
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal; Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Research Centre Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal; Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Research Centre Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís M Félix
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Judith Schäfer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - João A Santos
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Technology, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Research Centre Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001 801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Taghouti M, Martins-Gomes C, Schäfer J, Félix LM, Santos JA, Bunzel M, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Thymus pulegioides L. as a rich source of antioxidant, anti-proliferative and neuroprotective phenolic compounds. Food Funct 2018; 9:3617-3629. [PMID: 29956711 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00456k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The potential of Thymus pulegioides L. as an alternative and valuable source of functional ingredients has been assessed. For this purpose, the phenolic constituent profiles and the antioxidant, anti-proliferative, neuroprotective, anti-aging and anti-diabetic activities of both T. pulegioides aqueous decoctions (AD) and hydro-ethanolic extracts (HE) were studied and compared for the first time. Rosmarinic acid was the main phenolic compound, accounting for 35.2% or 47.8% of total identified phenols in AD or HE, respectively (58.5 and 151.9 mg g-1 extract). Furthermore, large amounts of luteolin-O-hexuronide (AD: 39.9 ± 2.5 mg g-1, HE: 60.8 ± 7.0 mg g-1), eriodictyol-O-hexuronide (AD: 19.9 ± 2.5 mg g-1, HE: 26.8 ± 7.0 mg g-1) and chrysoeriol hexoside (AD: 23.5 ± 0.7 mg g-1, HE: 16.0 ± 0.7 mg g-1) were found. Both extracts showed significant in vitro antioxidant activity and anti-proliferative activity against Caco-2 cells (IC50 82.25 μg mL-1 and 105.44 μg mL-1, AD and HE, respectively), and reduced hepatotoxicity (HepG2 cells). In general, both T. pulegioides extracts showed poor anti-diabetic activity, moderate anti-aging effects and high neuroprotective activity with both AD and HE extracts, at 0.5 mg mL-1, showing 80% inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase activity and 94% inhibition of the tyrosinase activity. The present study highlights the important potential of this herb as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Taghouti
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Félix L, Coutinho T, Barejão A, Taghouti M, Silva AM. Biological activity and phytochemical analysis of extracts obtained from Santolina rosmarinifolia L. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - T Coutinho
- Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - A Barejão
- Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Taghouti
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - AM Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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Félix L, Teixeira I, Taghouti M, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of different extracts of Thymus vulgaris ssp. fragantissimus. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Félix
- 1- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- 2- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - I Teixeira
- 3- Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Taghouti
- 1- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- 4- Chemistry Center (CQ-VR), Chemistry Department, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - FM Nunes
- 4- Chemistry Center (CQ-VR), Chemistry Department, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - AM Silva
- 1- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- 3- Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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Martins-Gomes C, Taghouti M, Schäfer J, Bunzel M, Silva AM, Nunes FM. The effect of the extraction method in Thymus carnosus Boiss. polyphenolic profile. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Martins-Gomes
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Taghouti
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - J Schäfer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - AM Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - FM Nunes
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
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Taghouti M, Félix L, Martins-Gomes C, Santos JA, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Profiling, anti-radical activity and bioactivity of Thymus mastichina, Thymus x citriodorus and Thymus vulgaris aqueous extracts. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Taghouti
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - L Félix
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - C Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - JA Santos
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - FM Nunes
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - AM Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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Taghouti M, Martins-Gomes C, Schäfer J, Santos JA, Bunzel M, Silva AM, Nunes FM. Phenolic compounds characterization and anti-oxidant activity of Thymus pulegioides L. extracts. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Taghouti
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - C Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - J Schäfer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - JA Santos
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - AM Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - FM Nunes
- Chemistry Center – Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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