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Chen XD, Yang J, Guo YF, Zhao YM, Zhou T, Zhang X, Ju MM, Li ZH, Zhao GF. Spatial Genetic Structure and Demographic History of the Dominant Forest Oak Quercus fabri Hance in Subtropical China. Front Plant Sci 2021; 11:583284. [PMID: 33613578 PMCID: PMC7889815 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.583284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oak trees (Quercus L.) are important models for estimating abiotic impacts on the population structure and demography of long life span tree species. In this study, we generated genetic data for 17 nuclear microsatellite loci in 29 natural populations of Quercus fabri to estimate the population genetic structure. We also integrated approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) and ecological niche analysis to infer the population differentiation processes and demographic history of this oak species. The genetic analyses indicated two genetic clusters across the 29 populations collected, where most approximately corresponded to the intraspecific differentiation among populations from western and eastern China, whereas admixed populations were mainly found in central mountains of China. The best model obtained from hierarchical ABC simulations suggested that the initial intraspecific divergence of Q. fabri potentially occurred during the late Pliocene (ca. 3.99 Ma) to form the two genetic clusters, and the admixed population group might have been generated by genetic admixture of the two differentiated groups at ca. 53.76 ka. Ecological analyses demonstrated clear differentiation among the Q. fabri population structures, and association estimations also indicated significant correlations between geography and climate with the genetic variation in this oak species. Our results suggest abiotic influences, including past climatic changes and ecological factors, might have affected the genetic differentiation and demographic history of Q. fabri in subtropical China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-Fan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue-Mei Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Miao-Miao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhong-Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Gui-Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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Yang J, Guo YF, Chen XD, Zhang X, Ju MM, Bai GQ, Liu ZL, Zhao GF. Framework Phylogeny, Evolution and Complex Diversification of Chinese Oaks. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1024. [PMID: 32823635 PMCID: PMC7464331 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oaks (Quercus L.) are ideal models to assess patterns of plant diversity. We integrated the sequence data of five chloroplast and two nuclear loci from 50 Chinese oaks to explore the phylogenetic framework, evolution and diversification patterns of the Chinese oak's lineage. The framework phylogeny strongly supports two subgenera Quercus and Cerris comprising four infrageneric sections Quercus, Cerris, Ilex and Cyclobalanopsis for the Chinese oaks. An evolutionary analysis suggests that the two subgenera probably split during the mid-Eocene, followed by intergroup divergence within the subgenus Cerris around the late Eocene. The initial diversification of sections in the subgenus Cerris was dated between the mid-Oligocene and the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, while a rapid species radiation in section Quercus started in the late Miocene. Diversification simulations indicate a potential evolutionary shift on section Quercus, while several phenotypic shifts likely occur among all sections. We found significant negative correlations between rates of the lineage diversification and phenotypic turnover, suggesting a complex interaction between the species evolution and morphological divergence in Chinese oaks. Our infrageneric phylogeny of Chinese oaks accords with the recently proposed classification of the genus Quercus. The results point to tectonic activity and climatic change during the Tertiary as possible drivers of evolution and diversification in the Chinese oak's lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Yu-Fan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Xiao-Dan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Miao-Miao Ju
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Guo-Qing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
- Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Zhan-Lin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
| | - Gui-Fang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.-F.G.); (X.-D.C.); (X.Z.); (M.-M.J.); (G.-Q.B.); (Z.-L.L.)
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Ju MM, Feng L, Yang J, Yang YC, Chen XD, Zhao GF. Evaluating Population Genetic Structure and Demographic History of Quercus spinosa (Fagaceae) Based on Specific Length Amplified Fragment Sequencing. Front Genet 2019; 10:965. [PMID: 31632447 PMCID: PMC6785805 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectively identifying the genetic structure and related factors of a species can facilitate understanding the evolutionary history of the species. Phylogeographic patterns and genetic data are essential in investigating the species historical processes and diversification that response to environmental, climatic and geological influences. In this study, Specific Length Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-seq) data and ecological niche models (ENMs) are combined to identify the genetic structure and demographic modeling of Quercus spinosa, and evaluate the impacts of historical range shifts, climatic variation, and landscape factors on this species. The population topology and genetic divergence of the Cenozoic were inferred by a site frequency spectrum based composite-likelihood approach which is a novel strategy for maximizing the utility of linked SLAF markers. The overall genetic structure using model-based and model-free clustering methods was consistently identified as two geographically distinct genetic clusters. A deep divergence between two natural lineages (i.e., a western Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains lineage and an eastern Qin-ling Mountains lineage) was observed. The demographic modeling and Niche reconstruction indicated that the two groups were diverged in the late Miocene and then presented as two distinct genetic lineages. With the Quaternary glacial climate fluctuation, two groups had continuous asymmetrical secondary contact and gene exchange in the Sichuan Basin during the last glacial maximum. Besides, a significant relationship between genetic distance and geography in all individuals was identified by the Mantel test. Overall, this study 1) contributes to a better understanding of the role played by Quaternary climatic fluctuation in the present-day distributions of Q. spinosa; 2) provides a comprehensive view of the genome-wide variation of sclerophyllous forests in ecological adaptive evolution; 3) indicates that dispersal limitation and ecological divergence contribute to the genome-wide differentiation of Q. spinosa, which supports a hypothesis that complex geography and climatic changes strongly influence the evolutionary origin and history of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Ci Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers' College, Baotou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gui-Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Ju MM, Fu Y, Zhao GF, He CZ, Li ZH, Tian B. Effects of the Tanaka Line on the genetic structure of Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae) in dry-hot valley areas of southwest China. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:3599-3608. [PMID: 29686841 PMCID: PMC5901178 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Southwest China is an important biodiversity hotspot. The interactions among the complex topography, climate change, and ecological factors in the dry‐hot valley areas in southwest China may have profoundly affected the genetic structure of plant species in this region. In this study, we determined the effects of the Tanaka Line on genetic variation in the wild Bombax ceiba tree in southwest China. We sampled 224 individuals from 17 populations throughout the dry‐hot valley regions. Six polymorphic expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat primers were employed to sequence the PCR products using the first‐generation Sanger technique. The analysis based on population genetics suggested that B. ceiba exhibited a high level of gene diversity (HE: 0.2377–0.4775; I: 0.3997–0.7848). The 17 populations were divided into two groups by cluster analysis, which corresponded to geographic characters on each side of the Tanaka Line. In addition, a Mantel test indicated that the phylogeographic structure among the populations could be fitted to the isolation‐by‐distance model (r2 = .2553, p < .001). A barrier test indicated that there were obstacles among populations and between the two groups due to complex terrain isolation and geographic heterogeneity. We inferred that the Tanaka Line might have promoted the intraspecific phylogeographic subdivision and divergence of B. ceiba. These results provide new insights into the effects of the Tanaka Line on genetic isolation and population differentiation of plant species in southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Ju
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilisation in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming China.,Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China State Forestry Administration Southwest Forestry University Kunming China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Yi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China State Forestry Administration Southwest Forestry University Kunming China
| | - Gui-Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Cheng-Zhong He
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China State Forestry Administration Southwest Forestry University Kunming China
| | - Zhong-Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Bin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China State Forestry Administration Southwest Forestry University Kunming China.,Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China
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Fu Y, Ju MM, Ma HC, Xin PY, He CZ, Jia DR, Tian B. Development and characterization of novel EST-SSR markers for Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae). Appl Plant Sci 2016; 4:apps1600067. [PMID: 27785384 PMCID: PMC5077283 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1600067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The first set of expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed and characterized for Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae), a traditional medicinal plant endemic to northern China, to explore the effects of recent habitat fragmentation on the genetic diversity and structure of this species. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, a total of 18 novel polymorphic microsatellite (EST-SSR) markers were developed for S. tuberculata using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Analysis of 24 individuals of S. tuberculata from four natural populations revealed their robust polymorphic reliability. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 11, while the expected and observed heterozygosity per marker varied from 0.187 to 0.827 and 0.042 to 0.917, respectively. Of these markers, 13 showed good amplification results in the closely related species S. cantonensis. CONCLUSIONS These newly generated SSR markers are expected to provide novel tools for genetic studies of S. tuberculata, which will contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of the species' wild genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan-Cheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Yao Xin
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhong He
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Rui Jia
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People’s Republic of China
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Ju MM, Ma HC, Xin PY, Zhou ZL, Tian B. Development and characterization of EST-SSR markers in Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae). Appl Plant Sci 2015; 3:apps1500001. [PMID: 25909045 PMCID: PMC4406838 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1500001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae), commonly known as silk cotton tree, is a multipurpose tree species of tropical forests. Novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed and characterized for the species using transcriptome analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 33 new EST-SSR markers were developed for B. ceiba, of which 13 showed polymorphisms across the 24 individuals from four distant populations tested in the study. The results showed that the number of alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from two to four, and the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.043 to 0.654 and from 0 to 0.609, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These newly developed EST-SSR markers can be used in phylogeographic and population genetic studies to investigate the origin of B. ceiba populations. Furthermore, these EST-SSR markers could also greatly promote the development of molecular breeding studies pertaining to silk cotton tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan-Cheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei-Yao Xin
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People’s Republic of China
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Chakir K, Ju MM, Shevtsov SP, Golubkov VI, Skobeleva NA, Shur YA, Zakharova FM, Lipovetskyi BM, Konstantinov VO, Denisenko AD, Gaitskhoki VS, Schwartz EI. Two novel low-density lipoprotein receptor gene mutations (E397X and 347delGCC) in St. Petersburg familial hypercholesterolemia. Mol Genet Metab 1998; 65:311-4. [PMID: 9889019 DOI: 10.1006/mgme.1998.2762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a monogenic disease known to be caused by low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene mutations, results in the development of premature atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in affected individuals. The spectrum of LDLR gene mutations in Russia is poorly known. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, followed by DNA sequencing, we have screened selected exons of the LDLR gene in 80 unrelated St. Petersburg FH patients for the presence of mutations. Two new LDLR gene mutations, 347delGCC and E397X, were characterized among individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia in St. Petersburg. The carriers of both mutations possessed highly elevated blood serum cholesterol. Cosegregation of E397X mutation and LDLR gene RFLP haplotypes with hyperlipidemia was demonstrated by family study. Both mutations seem to be specific to Slavic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chakir
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gatchina, 188350, Russia
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