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Mullin G, Sternschuss M, Landman Y, Sulkes A, Brenner B. Mitomycin C and capecitabine: An additional option as an advanced line therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1913-1924. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i11.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), though still limited, has improved significantly; clearly, when the disease becomes refractory to standard regimens, additional treatment options are needed. Studies have shown that mitomycin C (MMC), an antitumor antibiotic, and capecitabine, a precursor of 5-fluorouracil, may act synergistically in combination. The efficacy of MMC/capecitabine has been demonstrated in the first-line setting, but only a few small studies have tested it in the advanced-line setting, with contradictory results.
AIM To summarize our experience using MMC/capecitabine as an advanced line treatment for mCRC.
METHODS A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary medical center including all patients with histologically proven mCRC who were treated with MMC/capecitabine after at least two previous lines of standard chemotherapy in 2006-2020. Data on patient demographics and past medical history, laboratory, pathological, and radiological factors, and treatment and survival were collected from the files. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The association of patient and tumor characteristics with treatment effectiveness and toxicity was evaluated with univariate and multivariate proportional hazard Cox regression analyses. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS The cohort consisted of 119 patients of median age 64 years (range 37-85). Patients received a median of 2 MMC/capecitabine cycles (range 0.5-9.0). Thirty-four patients (28.6%) experienced grade ≥ 3 toxicity, including 2 (1.7%) with grade 4; there was no drug-related mortality. The objective response rate was 0.8%, and the disease control rate, 24.4%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.1 mo (range 0.2-20.3), and median overall survival, 4.8 mo (range 0.2-27.5). The 6-month overall survival rate was 44%; 8.7% of patients remained progression-free. Factors associated with longer PFS were lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level (P = 0.030) and primary tumor location in the left colon (P = 0.017). Factors associated with longer overall survival were lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level (P = 0.022), left-colon tumor location (P = 0.044), low-to-moderate histological grade (P = 0.012), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1 (P = 0.036), and normal bilirubin level (P = 0.047).
CONCLUSION MMC/capecitabine is an active, available, and relatively safe regimen for use beyond standard lines of therapy in mCRC. Several clinical and laboratory parameters can identify patients more likely to benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Mullin
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Michal Sternschuss
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Yosef Landman
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Aaron Sulkes
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Baruch Brenner
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
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Meirson T, Neiman V, Sternschuss M, Markel G, Tannock IF. Clarification needed for pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:e489. [PMID: 36328018 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Meirson
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.
| | - Victoria Neiman
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Michal Sternschuss
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Gal Markel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ian F Tannock
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sternschuss M, Sarfaty M. [ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES - A NOVEL APPROACH FOR THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA]. Harefuah 2022; 161:49-54. [PMID: 35077061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS of this review: Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is associated with poor prognosis despite advances in the treatment options in recent years. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) represent a novel class of drugs that allows selective transport of highly effective chemotherapy directly into the cancer cells by linkage to a monoclonal antibody which targets antigens overexpressed in the tumor cells as opposed to the normal tissue. In this review we will cover the current data and future perspectives for the use of ADCs in the treatment of mUC. BACKGROUND Several ADCs against different targets are currently in advanced development stages with encouraging efficacy results and manageable toxicity profiles. Two ADC drugs received FDA approval for advanced-line treatment of mUC, Enfortumab Vedotin and Sacituzumab Govitecan, which are currently being evaluated in earlier treatment settings as well as in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. These combinations are expected to enter clinical practice in the near future. CONCLUSIONS ADCs have demonstrated efficacy in mUC and are expected to be incorporated in the treatment algorithm in the following years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Sternschuss
- Oncology Department, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
- Sackler faculty of medicine, Tel Aviv University
| | - Michal Sarfaty
- Genitourinary oncology service, Oncology institute, Sheba medical center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan
- Sackler faculty of medicine, Tel Aviv University
- Genitourinary oncology service, memorial sloan kettering cancer center, New York, USA
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Jacobi O, Landman Y, Reinhorn D, Icht O, Sternschuss M, Rotem O, Finkel I, Allen AM, Dudnik E, Goldstein DA, Zer A. The Relationship of Diabetes Mellitus to Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncology 2021; 99:555-561. [PMID: 34247166 DOI: 10.1159/000516671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are the new standard therapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC (mNSCLC). Metformin, previously associated with improved chemotherapy efficacy in diabetic and nondiabetic cancer patients, was recently associated with increased ICI efficacy. In this study, we aimed to explore the correlations between diabetes mellitus (DM), metformin use, and benefit from ICI in mNSCLC patients. METHODS All mNSCLC patients treated with ICI in our center between February 2015 and April 2018 were identified. Demographic and clinical data were extracted retrospectively. Cox proportional hazards regression, t tests, and χ2 tests were employed to evaluate associations of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR), with DM status, metformin use, and HbA1c levels, as appropriate. RESULTS Of 249 mNSCLC patients treated with ICI, 57 (22.8%) had DM. Thirty-seven (64.9% of all diabetic patients) patients were treated with metformin. A significant negative correlation of DM with PFS and OS was demonstrated (HR 1.5 [1.01-2.06], p = 0.011, and HR 1.5 [1.08-2.08], p = 0.017, respectively). Metformin exposure had no significant correlation with PFS or OS in diabetic mNSCLC patients (HR 1.08 [0.61-1.93], p = 0.79, and HR 1.29 [0.69-2.39], p = 0.42, respectively). There were no differences between groups with respect to ORR and DCR. CONCLUSION Our data show a potential negative relationship between DM and ICI efficacy in mNSCLC patients. In contrast to reports with chemotherapy, we found no positive relationship between metformin use and ICI therapy in diabetic patients with mNSCLC. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of metformin in nondiabetic mNSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Jacobi
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Yosef Landman
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Daniel Reinhorn
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Oded Icht
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | | | - Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Inbar Finkel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Aaron M Allen
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
| | | | - Alona Zer
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tiqwa, Israel
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Finkel I, Sternschuss M, Wollner M, Shamai S, Peled N, Turgeman I, Shochat T, Dudnik E. Immune-related Neutropenia Following Treatment With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. J Immunother 2021; 43:67-74. [PMID: 31498181 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The existing data with regard to immune-related neutropenia (irN), a rare (incidence-1%) immune-related adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors, are scarce. Eight patients with irN were identified through internal databases of 3 participating Israeli cancer centers. In addition, 11 original articles focusing on the clinical course of 24 patients with irN were selected during the PubMed search. Descriptive analysis of clinical and pathologic factors related to irN was performed (n=32); the effect of these on the irN outcomes was assessed. An algorithm for irN evaluation and treatment was proposed. The median time-to-onset of irN (n=32) was 60 days (range, 10-465 d). Grade 3-5 irN, febrile neutropenia, and irN-related death occurred in 81%, 50%, and 9% of patients, respectively. In all, 56%, 22%, 62%, and 25% of patients received PO corticosteroids, IV corticosteroids, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), respectively, with an improvement/resolution rate of 84%. Odds ratios for irN improvement/resolution were as follows: 1.40 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-68.72], 0.43 (95% CI, 0.04-4.22), 2.60 (95% CI, 0.07-97.24), 0.36 (95% CI, 0.03-4.38), 4.02 (95% CI, 0.16-99.48), 2.01 (95% CI, 0.32-12.70), 1.08 (95% CI, 0.02-49.89), 0.42 (95% CI, 0.06-2.91), and 2.73 (95% CI, 0.42-17.51) for granulocyte hyperplasia, granulocyte/all lineage hypoplasia, granulocyte maturation blockade, lymphocyte infiltration on bone marrow biopsy, IV corticosteroids, PO corticosteroids, cyclosporine, IVIG, and GCSF, respectively (P>0.05 for all factors). IrN recurrence rate following immune checkpoint inhibitors rechallenge was 80%. IrN is a rare, life-threatening, early-onset immune-related adverse event. Differentiating between the central, peripheral, and modified peripheral types allows a better prognosis definition. Corticosteroids and GCSF represent the main treatment approaches; IVIG and cyclosporine should be used as salvage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mira Wollner
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa
| | - Sivan Shamai
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv
| | - Nir Peled
- The Legacy Heritage Oncology Center, Soroka Medical Center.,Ben Gurion University of Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ilit Turgeman
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa
| | - Tzippy Shochat
- Statistical Consulting Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva
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Tschernichovsky R, Perl G, Finkel I, Peretz I, Jacobi O, Sternschuss M, Ulitsky O, Kundel Y, Sulkes A, Bernstine H, Groshar D, Brenner B. Postoperative PET-CT in patients (pts) with pathological stage III colon cancer (CC): Interim results from the first prospective validation study. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15599 Background: A substantial number of pts with pathological stage III CC recur despite the absence of metastatic disease on pre-operative CT. In a previous large retrospective study from our institution on 348 pts, we reported that early postoperative PET-CT modified the staging and management of 13.4% of assumed stage III CC pts. The aim of the current study was to prospectively validate these results. Methods: A prospective, single-center study of pts with pathological stage III CC who underwent early postoperative PET-CT between the years 2013-2021. Results: 83 pts were accrued and 81 (48.1% males, median age 66y) were evaluable for the primary endpoint i.e. PET-CT results. Pathological stage was IIIA, IIIB and IIIC in 7 (8.6%), 56 (69.1%) and 17 (21%) of pts, respectively. Median number of lymph nodes examined and of positive nodes were 17 (range, 9-134) and 2 (range, 0-15), respectively. Post-operative PET-CT findings were significant in 7 pts (8.6%): 4 pts (4.9%) were upstaged to stage IV, 2 (2.5%) were diagnosed with a second primary malignancy, and 1 (1.2%) was both upstaged and diagnosed with another cancer. Three additional pts (3.7%) are currently undergoing evaluation for suspicious PET-CT findings. At a median follow-up of 30.6 months (range, 6.2-92), 13 of the 71 pts with true stage III CC recurred; the estimated 3y disease-free survival rate was 81%. The estimated 5y overall survival rates for the entire cohort and for true stage III pts were 82% and 90%, respectively. Of the 5 pts found to have metastatic disease based on PET-CT findings, one is scheduled to undergo potentially curative surgical removal of a solitary liver metastasis. Conclusions: Interim results from the first prospective study to evaluate the impact of early postoperative PET-CT in pts with pathological stage III CC seem to support earlier retrospective data: the use of PET-CT in this setting changed the staging and management of 8.6% of pts, including the possibility for early detection of potentially curable metastatic disease. Additional data, with more pts and longer follow-up, will be presented at the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gali Perl
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Inbar Finkel
- Davidoff Cancer Center Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Idit Peretz
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Michal Sternschuss
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Olga Ulitsky
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Aaron Sulkes
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - David Groshar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rabin Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Kundel Y, Sternschuss M, Moore A, Perl G, Brenner B, Goldvaser H. Efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma by patient subgroups: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2020; 9:7613-7625. [PMID: 32869544 PMCID: PMC7571828 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is inconsistent. Whether the efficacy of ICIs is comparable across different subgroups remains unknown. METHODS We identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared standard treatment for metastatic gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma to ICIs. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS) were extracted and pooled in a meta-analysis. Prespecified subgroups were included as follows: age at randomization (≤65 vs ≥/>65 years), gender (female vs male), ethnicity (Asians vs non-Asians), performance-status (0 vs 1), tumor location (gastric vs GEJ), and histological subtype (diffuse vs others). OS in patients with programmed death ligand (PD-L1) positive and with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) were also extracted and pooled in a meta-analysis. RESULTS Five RCTs comprising 2,264 patients were analyzed. Compared to standard therapy, ICIs did not improve OS (HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.71-1.03, P = .10) and the effect of ICIs on OS was similar in all subgroups. Nonsignificantly greater effect sizes were seen in older patients (HR = 0.85 vs 0.88, P = .81), male (HR = 0.82 vs 0.99, P = .16), Asians (HR = 0.86 vs 0.96, P = .55), performance-status 0 (HR = 0.84 vs 0.88, P = .81), GEJ tumors (HR = 0.78 vs 0.90, P = .37), and nondiffuse subtype (HR = 0.71 vs 0.79, P = .62). ICIs were associated with significantly improved OS in patients with MSI-H (HR = 0.33, P = .001), but not in PD-L1 positive disease (HR = 0.86, P = .06). CONCLUSIONS Compared to standard treatment, ICIs in metastatic gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma did not improve OS. None of the evaluated subgroups has shown increased magnitude of effect to ICIs, aside of the small group with MSI-H tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kundel
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Michal Sternschuss
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Assaf Moore
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Gali Perl
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Baruch Brenner
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Hadar Goldvaser
- Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson HospitalRabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
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Sternschuss M, Peled N, Allen AM, Dudnik E, Rotem O, Kurman N, Gal O, Reches H, Zer A. Can Ipilimumab restore immune response in advanced NSCLC after progression on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents? Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2331-2334. [PMID: 32548905 PMCID: PMC7396365 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 agents play a crucial part in the treatment of non‐small cell cancer (NSCLC) demonstrating improved overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS). Recent studies evaluating combination treatment with anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 suggests improved outcome but also increased toxicity. Evidence is scarce regarding subsequent treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPI) after progression on anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1. A total of 15 patients were treated with a combination of anti‐PD1 agent and ipilimumab after confirmed progression of disease on anti‐PD1/PDL1 alone during 2017. Clinical data were retrieved retrospectively. Disease control rate (DCR) was defined as partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD). The overall DCR was 33.3% (n = 5); two patients with PR and three patients with SD, three of whom had prior documented disease control on anti‐PD1. The immune‐related adverse event (irAE) rate was 40% (n = 6); two patients had grade 3 AE and one patient died of pneumonitis. While the median time to progression was two months (range 0.5–16), four of the five patients with PR/SD experienced durable benefit for 8–16 months. This small retrospective cohort of heavily pretreated unselected patients suggests ipilimumab might reboost the immune response in patients with advanced NSCLC following progression of disease on anti‐PD1 therapy, while delaying exposure to the higher toxicity rates associated with upfront combination therapy. This strategy should be explored prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nir Peled
- The Legacy Heritage Oncology Center, Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Ben Gurion University of Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aaron M Allen
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Omer Gal
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Hiba Reches
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Alona Zer
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Goldvaser H, Sternschuss M, Moore A, Perl G, Brenner B, Kundel Y. Efficacy of immune check point inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer by patient subgroups: A systemic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e16587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16587 Background: Patients with metastatic gastric or GEJ cancer have short duration of response to chemotherapy and poor outcome. Treatment with ICIs has been investigated for this population with inconsistent results. It is uncertain whether the effect of ICIs is comparable in different subgroups. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared standard treatment to treatment with ICIs, either as a monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, for metastatic gastric or GEJ cancer were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS) were extracted and pooled in a meta-analysis using generic inverse variance and random effects modelling. Pre-specified subgroups included: patients’ age at time of randomization (age < /≤ 65 years versus ≥/ > 65 years), gender (female versus male), ethnicity (Asians versus the rest of the world), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (0 versus 1), primary tumor location (gastric versus GEJ) and histological subtype (diffuse versus other subtypes). Data on progression free survival (PFS) and on OS in patients with programmed death ligand (PDL1) positive were also collected. Results: Four RCTs comprising 1,765 patients were analyzed. Treatment with ICIs compared to standard therapy did not significantly improve OS (HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.66-1.07, p = 0.17), PFS (HR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.75-1.96, p = 0.52), or OS in patients with PDL1 positive disease (HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.73-1.02, p = 0.08). The effect of ICIs on OS was similar in all subgroups. Non-significantly greater effect sizes were seen in younger patients (HR = 0.82 versus 0.86, p for subgroup difference 0.80), male (HR = 0.81 versus 0.97, p = 0.32), performance status 0 (HR = 0.84 versus 0.88, p = 0.81), GEJ tumors (HR = 0.76 versus 0.89, p = 0.44) and non-diffuse subtype (HR = 0.71 versus 0.79, p = 0.62). Conclusions: Compared to standard treatment, ICIs in metastatic gastric or GEJ cancer did not improve OS significantly. As none of the evaluated subgroups has shown increased magnitude of effect to ICIs, other biomarkers for ICIs response are desired in order to optimize the risk versus benefit balance of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Goldvaser
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Davidoff Center, Kyriat Ono, Israel
| | - Michal Sternschuss
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Gali Perl
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Petach-Tikva, Israel
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Ben-Aharon I, Goshen-Lago T, Sternschuss M, Morgenstern S, Geva R, Beny A, Dror Y, Steiner M, Hubert A, Idelevich E, Shulman K, Mishaeli M, Man S, Liebermann N, Soussan-Gutman L, Brenner B. Sidedness Matters: Surrogate Biomarkers Prognosticate Colorectal Cancer upon Anatomic Location. Oncologist 2019; 24:e696-e701. [PMID: 30755502 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomic location of primary tumors across the colon correlate with survival in the metastatic setting, whereas left-sided tumors may exhibit superior survival compared with right-sided tumors. The Oncotype Recurrence Score (RS) assay is a clinically validated predictor of recurrence risk in patients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous studies had indicated that without adjuvant chemotherapy, CDX2-negative stage II CRC tumors are associated with a lower rate of disease-free survival than CDX2-positive stage II CRC tumors. We aimed to evaluate whether these two validated prognostic biomarkers may correlate with primary tumor location, and whether tumor location may reflect differential prognosis in stage II CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients with T3 mismatch repair-proficient (MMR-P) stage II CRC for whom RS assay was performed. Pathological report was reviewed for exact primary tumor location and CDX2 immunostaining. RS and CDX2 expression were correlated with primary tumor location. RESULTS The analysis included 1,147 patients with MMR-P stage II CRC (median age 69 years [range 29-93]). Tumor distribution across the colon was as follows: 46% (n = 551) were right-sided and 54% (n = 596) were left-sided. RS was higher in right-sided tumors (p = .01). The RS results gradually decreased across the colon (cecum, highest score; sigmoid, lowest score; p = .04). Right-sided tumors exhibited more CDX2-negative tumors (p = .07). CONCLUSION Our study indicates that right-sided colorectal tumors may display worse prognosis compared with left-sided tumors in MMR-P stage II CRC. Primary tumor location may serve as a prognostic factor that should be taken into account for recurrence risk assessment and consideration of adjuvant treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Sidedness matters, even in stage II colorectal cancer (CRC). Using two previously established prognostic tools, the Oncotype DX assay and CDX2 expression, this study found that right-sided tumors may display worse prognosis compared with left-sided tumors in mismatch repair-proficient stage II CRC. Therefore, primary tumor location should be taken into account for recurrence risk assessment and consideration of adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Ben-Aharon
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Goshen-Lago
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Michal Sternschuss
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Sara Morgenstern
- Institute of Pathology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ravit Geva
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Oncology, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Beny
- Department of Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ygael Dror
- Department of Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | | | - Ayala Hubert
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Moshe Mishaeli
- Department of Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Sophia Man
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiation, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | | | - Baruch Brenner
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sternschuss M, Peled N, Dudnik E, Rotem O, Zer A. P3.04-28 Can Ipilimumab Restore Immune Response in Advanced NSCLC After Progression on Anti PD1/PDL1 Agents? J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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