1
|
Pieren M, Abáigar Gutiérrez-Solana A, Antonijoan Arbós RM, Boyle GW, Davila M, Davy M, Gitzinger M, Husband L, Martínez-Martínez MS, Mazarro DO, Pefani E, Penman SL, Remuiñán MJ, Vlasakakis G, Zeitlinger M, Dale GE. First-in-human study of alpibectir (BVL-GSK098), a novel potent anti-TB drug. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024:dkae107. [PMID: 38656557 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical candidate alpibectir augments the activity of, and overcomes resistance to, the anti-TB drug ethionamide in vitro and in vivo. OBJECTIVES A Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and food effect of alpibectir administered as single and multiple oral doses in healthy volunteers (NCT04654143). METHODS Eighty participants were randomized. In single ascending dose (SAD), a total of six dose levels of alpibectir (0.5 to 40 mg) were tested under fasted and fed (10 mg) conditions as single daily doses in sequential cohorts. In multiple ascending dose (MAD), repeat doses (5 to 30 mg) were administered once daily for 7 days in three sequential cohorts. RESULTS No serious adverse event was reported. Thirteen participants across groups experienced a total of 13 mild or moderate treatment-emergent adverse events. Alpibectir showed rapid absorption after single dose (mean Tmax range of 0.88 to 1.53 h). Food affected the PK of alpibectir, characterized by a slower absorption (mean Tmax 3.87 h), a lower Cmax (-17.7%) and increased AUC0-t (+19.6%) compared with the fasted condition. Following repeat dosing, dose proportionality was shown for both Cmax and AUC0-tau. Accumulation of alpibectir was observed across all doses, with a more profound effect on AUC during a dosing interval (AUC0-tau) compared with Cmax (1.8- and 1.3-fold on average), respectively. Steady state was considered to have been achieved by Day 7 of dosing. CONCLUSIONS Alpibectir was generally well tolerated, and no clinically relevant safety findings were identified in the participants treated during SAD or MAD. The PK is dose-proportional and affected by food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc Gitzinger
- BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland
- BioVersys SAS, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Dolores Ochoa Mazarro
- Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vienna University Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Glenn E Dale
- BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland
- BioVersys SAS, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Machushynets NV, Al Ayed K, Terlouw BR, Du C, Buijs NP, Willemse J, Elsayed SS, Schill J, Trebosc V, Pieren M, Alexander FM, Cochrane SA, Liles MR, Medema MH, Martin NI, van Wezel GP. Discovery and Derivatization of Tridecaptin Antibiotics with Altered Host Specificity and Enhanced Bioactivity. ACS Chem Biol 2024. [PMID: 38602492 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens combined with a decline in antibiotic discovery presents a major challenge for health care. To refill the discovery pipeline, we need to find new ways to uncover new chemical entities. Here, we report the global genome mining-guided discovery of new lipopeptide antibiotics tridecaptin A5 and tridecaptin D, which exhibit unusual bioactivities within their class. The change in the antibacterial spectrum of Oct-TriA5 was explained solely by a Phe to Trp substitution as compared to Oct-TriA1, while Oct-TriD contained 6 substitutions. Metabolomic analysis of producer Paenibacillus sp. JJ-21 validated the predicted amino acid sequence of tridecaptin A5. Screening of tridecaptin analogues substituted at position 9 identified Oct-His9 as a potent congener with exceptional efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and reduced hemolytic and cytotoxic properties. Our work highlights the promise of tridecaptin analogues to combat MDR pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia V Machushynets
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Karol Al Ayed
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara R Terlouw
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Chao Du
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Ned P Buijs
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Willemse
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Somayah S Elsayed
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Julian Schill
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Basel CH-4057, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Trebosc
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Basel CH-4057, Switzerland
| | - Michel Pieren
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Basel CH-4057, Switzerland
| | - Francesca M Alexander
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Liles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Marnix H Medema
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles P van Wezel
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen 6700 PB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Janssen AB, de Bakker V, Aprianto R, Trebosc V, Kemmer C, Pieren M, Veening JW. Klebsiella pneumoniae OmpR facilitates lung infection through transcriptional regulation of key virulence factors. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0396623. [PMID: 38099618 PMCID: PMC10783089 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03966-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Bacteria use two-component regulatory systems (TCSs) to adapt to changes in their environment by changing their gene expression. In this study, we show that the EnvZ/OmpR TCS of the clinically relevant opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae plays an important role in successfully establishing lung infection and virulence. In addition, we elucidate the K. pneumoniae OmpR regulon within the host. This work suggests that K. pneumoniae OmpR might be a promising target for innovative anti-infectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel B. Janssen
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent de Bakker
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rieza Aprianto
- Molecular Genetics Group, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Centre for Synthetic Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Jan-Willem Veening
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Al Ayed K, Zamarbide Losada D, Machushynets NV, Terlouw B, Elsayed SS, Schill J, Trebosc V, Pieren M, Medema MH, van Wezel GP, Martin NI. Total Synthesis and Structure Assignment of the Relacidine Lipopeptide Antibiotics and Preparation of Analogues with Enhanced Stability. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:739-748. [PMID: 37000899 PMCID: PMC10111413 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The unabated rise of antibiotic resistance has raised the specter of a post-antibiotic era and underscored the importance of developing new classes of antibiotics. The relacidines are a recently discovered group of nonribosomal lipopeptide antibiotics that show promising activity against Gram-negative pathogens and share structural similarities with brevicidine and laterocidine. While the first reports of the relacidines indicated that they possess a C-terminal five-amino acid macrolactone, an N-terminal lipid tail, and an overall positive charge, no stereochemical configuration was assigned, thereby precluding a full structure determination. To address this issue, we here report a bioinformatics guided total synthesis of relacidine A and B and show that the authentic natural products match our predicted and synthesized structures. Following on this, we also synthesized an analogue of relacidine A wherein the ester linkage of the macrolactone was replaced by the corresponding amide. This analogue was found to possess enhanced hydrolytic stability while maintaining the antibacterial activity of the natural product in both in vitro and in vivo efficacy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karol Al Ayed
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Denise Zamarbide Losada
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Nataliia V. Machushynets
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Terlouw
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Somayah S. Elsayed
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Julian Schill
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Hochbergerstrasse 60c, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Trebosc
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Hochbergerstrasse 60c, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michel Pieren
- BioVersys AG, c/o Technologiepark, Hochbergerstrasse 60c, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marnix H. Medema
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gilles P. van Wezel
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I. Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Trebosc V, Lucchini V, Narwal M, Wicki B, Gartenmann S, Schellhorn B, Schill J, Bourotte M, Frey D, Grünberg J, Trauner A, Ferrari L, Felici A, Champion OL, Gitzinger M, Lociuro S, Kammerer RA, Kemmer C, Pieren M. Targeting virulence regulation to disarm Acinetobacter baumannii pathogenesis. Virulence 2022; 13:1868-1883. [PMID: 36261919 PMCID: PMC9586577 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2135273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of anti-virulence drug therapy against Acinetobacter baumannii infections would provide an alternative to traditional antibacterial therapy that are increasingly failing. Here, we demonstrate that the OmpR transcriptional regulator plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diverse A. baumannii clinical strains in multiple murine and G. mellonella invertebrate infection models. We identified OmpR-regulated genes using RNA sequencing and further validated two genes whose expression can be used as robust biomarker to quantify OmpR inhibition in A. baumannii. Moreover, the determination of the structure of the OmpR DNA binding domain of A. baumannii and the development of in vitro protein-DNA binding assays enabled the identification of an OmpR small molecule inhibitor. We conclude that OmpR is a valid and unexplored target to fight A. baumannii infections and we believe that the described platform combining in silico methods, in vitro OmpR inhibitory assays and in vivo G. mellonella surrogate infection model will facilitate future drug discovery programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Lucchini
- BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland.,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Frey
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Grünberg
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Livia Ferrari
- Microbiology Discovery, Aptuit Srl, an Evotec Company, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Felici
- Microbiology Discovery, Aptuit Srl, an Evotec Company, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lucchini V, Sivignon A, Pieren M, Gitzinger M, Lociuro S, Barnich N, Kemmer C, Trebosc V. The Role of OmpR in Bile Tolerance and Pathogenesis of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:684473. [PMID: 34262546 PMCID: PMC8273539 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.684473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis toward adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) plays an important role in Crohn’s disease (CD). The OmpR transcriptional regulator is required for the AIEC LF82 prototype strain to adhere and invade intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we explored the role of OmpR in AIEC pathogenesis using a panel of eight Escherichia coli strains isolated from CD patients and identified as AIEC. The deletion of ompR together with the implementation of two cell-based assays revealed that the role of OmpR in adhesion in vitro was not conserved in AIEC clinical strains. Nevertheless, we showed that OmpR was required for robust gut colonization of transgenic mice expressing human CEACAM receptors, suggesting that OmpR is involved in alternative virulence mechanisms in AIEC strains. We found that deletion of ompR compromised the ability of AIEC strains to cope with the stress induced by bile salts, which may be key for AIEC pathogenesis. More specifically, we demonstrated that OmpR was involved in a tolerance mechanism toward sodium deoxycholate (DOC), one of bile salts main component. We showed that the misregulation of OmpF or the loss of outer membrane integrity are not the drivers of OmpR-mediated DOC tolerance, suggesting that OmpR regulates a specific mechanism enhancing AIEC survival in the presence of DOC. In conclusion, the newly discovered role of OmpR in AIEC bile tolerance suggests that OmpR inhibition would interfere with different aspects of AIEC virulence arsenal and could be an alternative strategy for CD-treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lucchini
- BioVersys AG, Basel, Switzerland.,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Barnich
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bongard J, Schmitz AL, Wolf A, Zischinsky G, Pieren M, Schellhorn B, Bravo-Rodriguez K, Schillinger J, Koch U, Nussbaumer P, Klebl B, Steinmann J, Buer J, Sanchez-Garcia E, Ehrmann M, Kaiser M. Chemical Validation of DegS As a Target for the Development of Antibiotics with a Novel Mode of Action. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1074-1078. [PMID: 30945468 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of hundreds of antibiotic drugs, infectious diseases continue to remain one of the most notorious health issues. In addition, the disparity between the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens and the development of novel classes of antibiotics exemplify an important unmet medical need that can only be addressed by identifying novel targets. Herein we demonstrate, by the development of the first in vivo active DegS inhibitors based on a pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine scaffold, that the serine protease DegS and the cell envelope stress-response pathway σE represent a target for generating antibiotics with a novel mode of action. Moreover, DegS inhibition is synergistic with well-established membrane-perturbing antibiotics, thereby opening promising avenues for rational antibiotic drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bongard
- Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Laura Schmitz
- Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Alex Wolf
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Str. 15, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Michel Pieren
- BioVersys AG, Hochbergerstrasse 60C, 4057, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Kenny Bravo-Rodriguez
- Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany.,Computational Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology & Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Schillinger
- Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Uwe Koch
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Str. 15, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peter Nussbaumer
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Str. 15, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bert Klebl
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Str. 15, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörg Steinmann
- University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Infectiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Straße 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jan Buer
- University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Computational Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology & Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Ehrmann
- Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Kaiser
- Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pieren M, Desfougères Y, Michaillat L, Schmidt A, Mayer A. Vacuolar SNARE protein transmembrane domains serve as nonspecific membrane anchors with unequal roles in lipid mixing. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12821-32. [PMID: 25817997 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.647776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fusion is induced by SNARE complexes that are anchored in both fusion partners. SNAREs zipper up from the N to C terminus bringing the two membranes into close apposition. Their transmembrane domains (TMDs) might be mere anchoring devices, deforming bilayers by mechanical force. Structural studies suggested that TMDs might also perturb lipid structure by undergoing conformational transitions or by zipping up into the bilayer. Here, we tested this latter hypothesis, which predicts that the activity of SNAREs should depend on the primary sequence of their TMDs. We replaced the TMDs of all vacuolar SNAREs (Nyv1, Vam3, and Vti1) by a lipid anchor, by a TMD from a protein unrelated to the membrane fusion machinery, or by artificial leucine-valine sequences. Individual exchange of the native SNARE TMDs against an unrelated transmembrane anchor or an artificial leucine-valine sequence yielded normal fusion activities. Fusion activity was also preserved upon pairwise exchange of the TMDs against unrelated peptides, which eliminates the possibility for specific TMD-TMD interactions. Thus, a specific primary sequence or zippering beyond the SNARE domains is not a prerequisite for fusion. Lipid-anchored Vti1 was fully active, and lipid-anchored Nyv1 permitted the reaction to proceed up to hemifusion, and lipid-anchored Vam3 interfered already before hemifusion. The unequal contribution of proteinaceous TMDs on Vam3 and Nyv1 suggests that Q- and R-SNAREs might make different contributions to the hemifusion intermediate and the opening of the fusion pore. Furthermore, our data support the view that SNARE TMDs serve as nonspecific membrane anchors in vacuole fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Pieren
- From the Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Yann Desfougères
- From the Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Lydie Michaillat
- From the Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Schmidt
- From the Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Mayer
- From the Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Semenov A, Pieren M, Schmidt A, Mayer A. WITHDRAWN: Vacuolar SNARE transmembrane domains serve as non-specific membrane anchors with unequal roles in lipid mixing. J Biol Chem 2014:jbc.M114.548479. [PMID: 24711450 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript was withdrawn by the Author.
Collapse
|
10
|
Pieren M, Tigges M. Adjuvant strategies for potentiation of antibiotics to overcome antimicrobial resistance. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:551-5. [PMID: 22835931 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alarming facts about the occurrence and spreading of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria have caught the attention of global surveillance authorities and public media. The demand for novel effective antimicrobial drugs is high and on the rise while, at the same time, the supply of fresh 'magic bullets' is drying up. This review summarizes examples of recent strategies for development of adjunctive antibiotic therapies that overcome microbial resistance and thus rejuvenate the existing arsenal of drugs. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of compounds that inhibit the action of the repressor protein implicated in ethionamide resistance, thus stimulating activation of the drug and thereby restoring the activity of the antibiotic for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Such specific interference with regulators or signal transduction mechanisms involved in antibiotic resistance or virulence provides a new toolbox for novel combinations of antimicrobial drugs with adjuvant molecules lacking intrinsic antibiotic activity. In addition to the development of new antibiotics and vaccination initiatives this strategy of restoring or potentiating the activity of existing antibiotics may help to postpone the day when antibiotics are no longer generally efficacious.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Pieren
- BioVersys AG, Hochbergerstrasse 60c, c/o Technologycenter, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pieren M, Schmidt A, Mayer A. The SM protein Vps33 and the t-SNARE H(abc) domain promote fusion pore opening. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2010; 17:710-7. [PMID: 20453860 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular membrane fusion proceeds via distinct stages of membrane docking, hemifusion and fusion pore opening and depends on interacting families of Rab, SNARE and SM proteins. Trans-SNARE complexes dock the membranes in close apposition. Efficient fusion requires further SNARE-associated proteins. They might increase the number of trans-SNARE complexes or the fusogenic potential of a single SNARE complex. We investigated the contributions of the SM protein Vps33 to hemifusion and pore opening between yeast vacuoles. Mutations in Vps33 that weaken its interactions with the SNARE complex allowed normal trans-SNARE pairing and lipid mixing but retarded content mixing. Deleting the H(abc) domain of the vacuolar t-SNARE Vam3, which interacts with Vps33, had the same effect. This suggests that SM proteins promote fusion pore opening by enhancing the fusogenic activity of a SNARE complex. They should thus be considered integral parts of the fusion machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Pieren
- Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cébe Suarez S, Pieren M, Cariolato L, Arn S, Hoffmann U, Bogucki A, Manlius C, Wood J, Ballmer-Hofer K. A VEGF-A splice variant defective for heparan sulfate and neuropilin-1 binding shows attenuated signaling through VEGFR-2. Cell Mol Life Sci 2006; 63:2067-77. [PMID: 16909199 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-006-6254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of functional blood and lymphatic vessels requires spatio-temporal coordination of the production and release of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). VEGF family proteins are produced in multiple isoforms with distinct biological properties and bind to three types of VEGF receptors. A VEGF-A splice variant, VEGF-A(165)b, has recently been isolated from kidney epithelial cells. This variant is identical to VEGF-A(165) except for the last six amino acids encoded by an alternative exon. VEGF-A(165)b and VEGF-A(165) bind VEGF receptors 1 and 2 with similar affinity. VEGF-A(165)b elicits drastically reduced activity in angiogenesis assays and even counteracts signaling by VEGF-A(165). VEGF-A(165)b weakly binds to heparan sulfate and does not interact with neuropilin-1, a coreceptor for VEGF receptor 2. To determine the molecular basis for altered signaling by VEGF-A(165)b we measured VEGF receptor 2 and ERK kinase activity in endothelial cells in culture. VEGF-A(165) induced strong and sustained activation of VEGF receptor 2 and ERK-1 and -2, while activation by VEGF-A(165)b was only weak and transient. Taken together these data show that VEGF-A(165)b has attenuated signaling potential through VEGF receptor 2 defining this new member of the VEGF family as a partial receptor agonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cébe Suarez
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Molecular Cell Biology, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wagner A, Pieren M, Schulze-Briese C, Ballmer-Hofer K, Prota AE. Structure determination of VEGF-E by sulfur SAD. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2006; 62:1430-4. [PMID: 17057349 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444906036742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 09/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of VEGF-E was solved by the sulfur single-wavelength anomalous dispersion method (S-SAD) using highly redundant low-resolution data collected at a wavelength of lambda approximately 1.7 A with an estimated anomalous signal of 1.5%. 11 sulfur sites, nine out of 16 disulfide bonds and two out of 12 methionines could be located in the asymmetric unit using data truncated at a resolution of 4.1 A; however, none of the common diffraction data-quality indicators for SAD allowed clear discrimination between successful and unsuccessful resolution cutoffs. The high solvent content of 75% allowed efficient density modification to be performed and an unbiased electron-density map of good quality to be generated. This study demonstrates the strength of S-SAD for phasing using accurate highly redundant data at low resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armin Wagner
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pieren M, Prota AE, Ruch C, Kostrewa D, Wagner A, Biedermann K, Winkler FK, Ballmer-Hofer K. Crystal Structure of the Orf Virus NZ2 Variant of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-E. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:19578-87. [PMID: 16672228 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m601842200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian vascular endothelial growth factors constitute a family of polypeptides, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, -B, -C, -D and placenta growth factor (PlGF), that regulate blood and lymphatic vessel development. VEGFs bind to three types of receptor tyrosine kinases, VEGF receptors 1, 2, and 3, that are predominantly expressed on endothelial and some hematopoietic cells. Pox viruses of the Orf family encode highly related proteins called VEGF-E that show only 25-35% amino acid identity with VEGF-A but bind with comparable affinity to VEGFR-2. The crystal structure of VEGF-E NZ2 described here reveals high similarity to the known structural homologs VEGF-A, PlGF, and the snake venoms Vammin and VR-1, which are all homodimers and contain the characteristic cysteine knot motif. Distinct conformational differences are observed in loop L1 and particularly in L3, which contains a highly flexible GS-rich motif that differs from all other structural homologs. Based on our structure, we created chimeric proteins by exchanging selected segments in L1 and L3 with the corresponding sequences from PlGF. Single loop mutants did not bind to either receptor, whereas a VEGF-E mutant in which both L1 and L3 were replaced gained affinity for VEGFR-1, illustrating the possibility to engineer receptor-specific chimeric VEGF molecules. In addition, changing arginine 46 to isoleucine in L1 significantly increased the affinity of VEGF-E for both VEGF receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Pieren
- Molecular Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Calnexin and calreticulin are homologous lectin chaperones that assist maturation of cellular and viral glycoproteins in the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum. Calnexin and calreticulin share the same specificity for monoglucosylated protein-bound N-glycans but associate with a distinct set of newly synthesized polypeptides. We report here that most calnexin substrates do not associate with calreticulin even upon selective calnexin inactivation, while BiP associates more abundantly with nascent polypeptides under these conditions. Calreticulin associated more abundantly with orphan calnexin substrates only in infected cells and preferentially with polypeptides of viral origin, showing stronger dependence of model viral glycoproteins on endoplasmic reticulum lectins. This may explain why inactivation of the calnexin cycle affects viral replication and infectivity but not viability of mammalian cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Pieren
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Molinari M, Galli C, Piccaluga V, Pieren M, Paganetti P. Sequential assistance of molecular chaperones and transient formation of covalent complexes during protein degradation from the ER. J Cell Biol 2002; 158:247-57. [PMID: 12119363 PMCID: PMC2173128 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200204122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACE457 is a recently identified pancreatic isoform of human beta-secretase. We report that this membrane glycoprotein and its soluble variant are characterized by inefficient folding in the ER, leading to proteasome-mediated ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Dissection of the degradation process revealed that upon release from calnexin, extensively oxidized BACE457 transiently entered in disulfide-bonded complexes associated with the lumenal chaperones BiP and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) before unfolding and dislocation into the cytosol for degradation. BACE457 and its lumenal variant accumulated in disulfide-bonded complexes, in the ER lumen, also when protein degradation was inhibited. The complexes were disassembled and the misfolded polypeptides were cleared from the ER upon reactivation of the degradation machinery. Our data offer new insights into the mechanism of ERAD by showing a sequential involvement of the calnexin and BiP/PDI chaperone systems. We report the unexpected transient formation of covalent complexes in the ER lumen during the ERAD process, and we show that PDI participates as an oxidoreductase and a redox-driven chaperone in the preparation of proteins for degradation from the mammalian ER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Molinari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Via Vela 6, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|