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Boosting the Impact of EFMC Young Scientists Network Through the Creation of Working Groups. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400134. [PMID: 38778632 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of the Young Scientists Network (YSN) by the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) served as a proactive response to the evolving landscape of the scientific community. The YSN aims to assist early-career medicinal chemists and chemical biologists by responding to emerging themes, such as the influence of social media, shifts in gender balance within the scientific population, and evolving educational opportunities. The YSN also ensures that the upcoming generation of scientists actively contributes to shape the EFMC's strategic direction while addressing their specific needs. Initially conceived as a general concept, YSN has evolved into a proactive and dynamic team which demonstrates a tangible impact. To boost the impact of the YSN and involve additional motivated young scientists, we have adopted a novel organization, and structured the team in seven working groups (WGs). Herein, we will discuss the tasks of the different WGs as well as the activities planned for the near future. We believe this structure will strengthen the pivotal role YSN has already played in serving medicinal chemists and chemical biologists in Europe. The YSN now has the structure and motivation to pave the way to attract young scientists across Europe and to give them the stage within EFMC.
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Paradigm Shift in Gastric Cancer Prevention: Harnessing the Potential of Aristolochia olivieri Extract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16003. [PMID: 37958986 PMCID: PMC10648348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, is a significant global health concern. Environmental risk factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection and diet, play a role in its development. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antitumor activities of an Aristolochia olivieri Colleg. ex Boiss. Leaves' methanolic extract (AOME). Additionally, morphological changes in gastric cancer cell lines were analyzed. AOME was analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS, and its antibacterial activity against H. pylori was assessed using the broth microdilution method. MIC and MBC values were determined, and positive and negative controls were included in the evaluation. Anticancer effects were assessed through in vitro experiments using AGS, KATO-III, and SNU-1 cancer cell lines. The morphological changes were examined through SEM and TEM analyses. AOME contained several compounds, including caffeic acid, rutin, and hyperoside. The extract displayed significant antimicrobial effects against H. pylori, with consistent MIC and MBC values of 3.70 ± 0.09 mg/mL. AOME reduced cell viability in all gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Morphological analyses revealed significant ultrastructural changes in all tumor cell lines, suggesting the occurrence of cellular apoptosis. This study demonstrated that AOME possesses antimicrobial activity against H. pylori and potent antineoplastic properties in gastric cancer cell lines. AOME holds promise as a natural resource for innovative nutraceutical approaches in gastric cancer management. Further research and in vivo studies are warranted to validate its potential clinical applications.
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A potential host and virus targeting tool against COVID-19: Chemical characterization, antiviral, cytoprotective, antioxidant, respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects of Paulownia tomentosa Steud. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114083. [PMID: 36495668 PMCID: PMC9721285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease that spread across the world, caused by the novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the advancements in science that led to the creation of the vaccine, there is still an urgent need for new antiviral drugs effective against SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of Paulownia tomentosa Steud extract against SARS-CoV-2 and to evaluate its antioxidant properties, including respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects. Our results showed that P. tomentosa extract can inhibit viral replication by directly interacting with both the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease and spike protein. In addition, the phyto complex does not reduce lung epithelial cell viability and exerts a protective action in those cells damaged by tert-butyl hydroperoxide , a toxic agent able to alter cells' functions via increased oxidative stress. These data suggest the potential role of P. tomentosa extract in COVID-19 treatment, since this extract is able to act both as an antiviral and a cytoprotective agent in vitro.
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The endosomal sorting protein VPS35 controls lipid homeostasis through regulating hepatic lysosomal function. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Recurrent pneumothorax after cesarean delivery in the critically ill pregnant with severe COVID-19 ARDS: a case report. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:1765-1769. [PMID: 35302229 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202203_28247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few data are available on the ICU management and on the possible respiratory complications of invasively ventilated pregnant patients affected by COVID-19 pneumonia, especially in the early phase of pregnancy. Tension pneumothorax has been previously described as a rare cause of respiratory failure after delivery, but its occurrence in the postpartum of COVID-19 patient has not been reported yet. We hereby describe the ICU management of a 23rd gestational week pregnant woman who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, prone positioning, and cesarean delivery during her ICU stay for COVID-19 related pneumonia. Moreover, we focused on the occurrence and management of recurrent tension pneumothorax after the cesarean delivery. CASE REPORT A 23rd gestational week pregnant woman was admitted to the ICU for a COVID-19 bilateral pneumonia and underwent invasive mechanical ventilation and prone positioning. Cesarean delivery was planned during the ICU stay, while the patient was receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. After delivery, the patient experienced a recurrent pneumothorax that required the positioning of multiple chest drains. CONCLUSIONS In pregnant critically ill COVID-19 patients, mechanical ventilation management is particularly challenging, especially in the postpartum period. Prone positioning is feasible and can improve oxygenation and respiratory system compliance, while tension pneumothorax must be suspected if the respiratory function suddenly deteriorates after delivery.
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N-(Anilinoethyl)amide Melatonergic Ligands with Improved Water Solubility and Metabolic Stability. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3071-3082. [PMID: 34213063 PMCID: PMC8518537 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The MT2 -selective melatonin receptor ligand UCM765 (N-(2-((3-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)amino)ethyl)acetamide), showed interesting sleep inducing, analgesic and anxiolytic properties in rodents, but suffers from low water solubility and modest metabolic stability. To overcome these limitations, different strategies were investigated, including modification of metabolically liable sites, introduction of hydrophilic substituents and design of more basic derivatives. Thermodynamic solubility, microsomal stability and lipophilicity of new compounds were experimentally evaluated, together with their MT1 and MT2 binding affinities. Introduction of a m-hydroxymethyl substituent on the phenyl ring of UCM765 and replacement of the replacement of the N,N-diphenyl-amino scaffold with a N-methyl-N-phenyl-amino one led to highly soluble compounds with good microsomal stability and receptor binding affinity. Docking studies into the receptor crystal structure provided a rationale for their binding affinity. Pharmacokinetic characterization in rats highlighted higher plasma concentrations for the N-methyl-N-phenyl-amino derivative, consistent with its improved microsomal stability and makes this compound worthy of consideration for further pharmacological investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Acetamides/chemistry
- Acetamides/metabolism
- Acetamides/pharmacokinetics
- Aniline Compounds/chemistry
- Aniline Compounds/metabolism
- Aniline Compounds/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Humans
- Ligands
- Male
- Microsomes, Liver/chemistry
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Molecular Structure
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/chemistry
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/metabolism
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/chemistry
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/metabolism
- Solubility
- Thermodynamics
- Water/chemistry
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammaging Ability of Prune ( Prunus Spinosa L.) Extract Result in Improved Wound Healing Efficacy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030374. [PMID: 33801467 PMCID: PMC7999414 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunus spinosa L. fruit (PSF) ethanol extract, showing a peculiar content of biologically active molecules (polyphenols), was investigated for its wound healing capacity, a typical feature that declines during aging and is negatively affected by the persistence of inflammation and oxidative stress. To this aim, first, PSF anti-inflammatory properties were tested on young and senescent LPS-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). As a result, PSF treatment increased miR-146a and decreased IRAK-1 and IL-6 expression levels. In addition, the PSF antioxidant effect was validated in vitro with DPPH assay and confirmed by in vivo treatments in C. elegans. Our findings showed beneficial effects on worms’ lifespan and healthspan with positive outcomes on longevity markers (i.e., miR-124 upregulation and miR-39 downregulation) as well. The PSF effect on wound healing was tested using the same cells and experimental conditions employed to investigate PSF antioxidant and anti-inflammaging ability. PSF treatment resulted in a significant improvement of wound healing closure (ca. 70%), through cell migration, both in young and older cells, associated to a downregulation of inflammation markers. In conclusion, PSF extract antioxidant and anti-inflammaging abilities result in improved wound healing capacity, thus suggesting that PSF might be helpful to improve the quality of life for its beneficial health effects.
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Activation of NRF2 and ATF4 Signaling by the Pro-Glutathione Molecule I-152, a Co-Drug of N-Acetyl-Cysteine and Cysteamine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020175. [PMID: 33530504 PMCID: PMC7911873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
I-152 combines two pro-glutathione (GSH) molecules, namely N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and cysteamine (MEA), to improve their potency. The co-drug efficiently increases/replenishes GSH levels in vitro and in vivo; little is known about its mechanism of action. Here we demonstrate that I-152 not only supplies GSH precursors, but also activates the antioxidant kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (KEAP1/NRF2) pathway. The mechanism involves disulfide bond formation between KEAP1 cysteine residues, NRF2 stabilization and enhanced expression of the γ-glutamil cysteine ligase regulatory subunit. Accordingly, a significant increase in GSH levels, not reproduced by treatment with NAC or MEA alone, was found. Compared to its parent compounds, I-152 delivered NAC more efficiently within cells and displayed increased reactivity to KEAP1 compared to MEA. While at all the concentrations tested, I-152 activated the NRF2 pathway; high doses caused co-activation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and ATF4-dependent gene expression through a mechanism involving Atf4 transcriptional activation rather than preferential mRNA translation. In this case, GSH levels tended to decrease over time, and a reduction in cell proliferation/survival was observed, highlighting that there is a concentration threshold which determines the transition from advantageous to adverse effects. This body of evidence provides a molecular framework for the pro-GSH activity and dose-dependent effects of I-152 and shows how synergism and cross reactivity between different thiol species could be exploited to develop more potent drugs.
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The Young Scientists Network: How the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) Became Young Again. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2359-2362. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of Prunus spinosa L. fruit ethanol extract. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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11
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Single‐Step Synthesis of Dehydroalanine Derivatives via a Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Identification and quantification of new isomers of isopropyl-malic acid in wine by LC-IT and LC-Q-Orbitrap. Food Chem 2019; 294:390-396. [PMID: 31126479 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids of wine comprise one of the main taste groups, that of sourness. Two isomeric compounds with molecular weight of 176 u have been identified in wine using two LC-MS systems, LC-IT (ion trap) and LC-Q-Orbitrap. The two isomers are organic acids, 3-isopropylmalic acid (3-IPMA) never identified in wines, and 2-isopropylmalic acid (2-IPMA), never quantified in wines. After the definitive identification against the authentic standards, an analytical method for their determination in wines was optimised and validated using the LC-IT platform. Linearity was verified in the range 5-320 mg L-1 (correlation coefficients higher than 0.9914) and the recoveries obtained spiking the samples at two fortification levels were higher than 86.7%, with RSDs (n = 9) lower than 15.1%. Finally, the two compounds were quantified in ten red and white Italian wines, and average concentrations were determined at 1.78 mg L-1 (0.56-4.13) and 23.0 mg L-1 (6.7-41.6) of 3-IPMA and 2-IPMA, respectively.
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Abstract
The concise and convergent total syntheses of (+)- and (-)-Fumimycin have been achieved by taking advantage of strategies for the asymmetric aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of a highly substituted hydroquinone and N-fumaryl ketimine generated from the corresponding dehydroalanine. The enantiomerically pure natural product and its enantiomer were prepared in seven steps and 22% overall yield by employing both enantiomers of a BINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyst.
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In vitro effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from Ceterach officinarum: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218734. [PMID: 31238335 PMCID: PMC6592703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceterach officinarum Willd is a plant widespread throughout Europe and used in southern Italy as a diuretic. Beliefs in the benefits of C. officinarum aqueous extract in the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stones are widely held. Little is known, however, about the actual mechanism of its antilithiatic action. Our results in this in vitro study corroborate C. officinarum aqueous extract as a good source of antioxidants with a high antioxidant effects. Our results also demonstrate a major impact of C. officinarum aqueous extract on in vitro induced calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology, showing its critical role in kidney stone formation and/or elimination. We show that progressively increasing doses of C. officinarum aqueous extract cause a sequence of effects. A powerful inhibitory action on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) growth and aggregation is first observed. C. officinarum aqueous extract also appears highly effective in stimulating nucleation increasing the number and reducing the size of COM crystals, which become progressively thinner, rounded and concave in a dose-dependent manner. These shape-modified COM crystals are known to be less adherent to renal tubular cells and more easily excreted through the urinary tract preventing kidney stone formation. Further, C. officinarum aqueous extract promotes the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) rather than the monohydrate so that, at the highest concentrations used, only COD crystals are observed, in significant greater numbers with a clear reduction in their size, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AFM analyses allowed us to reveal the presence of C. officinarum component(s) on the surfaces of COD and modified COM crystals. The crystal surface adsorbed component(s) are shown to be similarly active as the total aqueous extract, suggesting a trigger factor which may direct crystal modification towards COD forms. In urolithiasis pathogenesis COD crystals are less dangerous than the COM forms due to their lower affinity for renal tubular cells. Our results are important in understanding the mechanisms which guide the modification induced by C. officinarum on the crystallization process. Based on these data, together with no adverse toxic effect being observed on the in vitro model of human intestinal enterocytes, C. officinarum aqueous extract could represent an attractive natural therapy for the treatment of urolithiasis.
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P149Comparative assessment of [18F] FDG, [18F]NaF and 68Ga-DOTATATE imaging in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez147.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Total Synthesis of (−)-Clavicipitic Acid via γ,γ-Dimethylallyltryptophan (DMAT) and Chemoselective C–H Hydroxylation. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8027-8034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Autophagy induction in atrophic muscle cells requires ULK1 activation by TRIM32 through unanchored K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaau8857. [PMID: 31123703 PMCID: PMC6527439 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau8857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optimal autophagic activity is crucial to maintain muscle integrity, with either reduced or excessive levels leading to specific myopathies. LGMD2H is a muscle dystrophy caused by mutations in the ubiquitin ligase TRIM32, whose function in muscles remains not fully understood. Here, we show that TRIM32 is required for the induction of muscle autophagy in atrophic conditions using both in vitro and in vivo mouse models. Trim32 inhibition results in a defective autophagy response to muscle atrophy, associated with increased ROS and MuRF1 levels. The proautophagic function of TRIM32 relies on its ability to bind the autophagy proteins AMBRA1 and ULK1 and stimulate ULK1 activity via unanchored K63-linked polyubiquitin. LGMD2H-causative mutations impair TRIM32's ability to bind ULK1 and induce autophagy. Collectively, our study revealed a role for TRIM32 in the regulation of muscle autophagy in response to atrophic stimuli, uncovering a previously unidentified mechanism by which ubiquitin ligases activate autophagy regulators.
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Bioeffects of Prunus spinosa L. fruit ethanol extract on reproduction and phenotypic plasticity of Trichoplax adhaerens Schulze, 1883 (Placozoa). PeerJ 2019; 7:e6789. [PMID: 31024778 PMCID: PMC6475577 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to test and analyse the bioeffects of Prunus spinosa L. (Rosacaee) fruit ethanol extract on Trichoplax adhaerens Schulze, 1883 (Placozoa) laboratory cultures which—for the first time—were employed as in vivo biological model to assess the bioactivity of a natural extract. The ethanol extract of P. spinosa was administrated during a 46 day experimental period; ultrastructural (by optical, confocal, TEM and SEM microscopy) and morphometric analyses indicated that treated Trichoplax adhaerens showed significant differences in viability, reproductive modalities, body shape and colour with respect to the control group. Finally, P. spinosa bioactive compounds seem to exert profound protective effects on T. adhaerens reproduction and phenotype. Our results may support additional investigations related to other bioactive compounds properties useful for nutraceutical preparations to be used as food supplements.
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Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Hydrogen Peroxide Responsive Arylboronate Melatonin Hybrids. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 32:100-112. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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In vitro
bioaccessibility of avenanthramides in cookies made with malted oat flours. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Organocatalytic Aza-Friedel-Crafts/Lactonization Domino Reaction of Naphthols and Phenols with 2-Acetamidoacrylate to Naphtho- and Benzofuranones Bearing a Quaternary Center at the C3 Position. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12275-12283. [PMID: 30191715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyl ketimine generated from methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate was explored to develop an unprecedented domino aza-Friedel-Crafts/lactonization reaction with naphthols and phenols (including 5-hydroxyindoles). This novel method requires a catalyst loading of only 5 mol % of a phosphoric acid catalyst and provides a new series of 3-NHAc-naphtho- and benzofuranone derivatives bearing tetra-substituted stereogenic centers in moderate-to-good yields. The enantioselective variant using BINOL-derived phosphoric acids was also explored with 1-naphthol, providing the desired product with moderate enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 following recrystallization).
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Polycyclic Indolines by an Acid‐Mediated Intramolecular Dearomative Strategy: Reversing Indole Reactivity in the Pictet‐Spengler‐Type Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Identification of Bivalent Ligands with Melatonin Receptor Agonist and Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Inhibitory Activity That Exhibit Ocular Hypotensive Effect in the Rabbit. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7902-7916. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Marine bisindole alkaloid: A potential apoptotic inducer in human cancer cells. Eur J Histochem 2018; 62:2881. [PMID: 29943949 PMCID: PMC6038113 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms such as corals, sponges and tunicates produce active molecules which could represent a valid starting point for new drug development processes. Among the various structural classes, the attention has been focused on 2,2-bis(6-bromo-3-indolyl) ethylamine, a marine alkaloid which showed a good anticancer activity against several tumor cell lines. Here, for the first time, the mechanisms of action of 2,2-bis(6-bromo-3-indolyl) ethylamine have been evaluated in a U937 tumor cell model. Morpho-functional and molecular analyses, highlighting its preferred signaling pathway, demonstrated that apoptosis is the major death response induced by this marine compund. Chromatin condensation, micronuclei formation, blebbing and in situ DNA fragmentation, occurring through caspase activation (extrinsic and intrinsic pathways), were observed. In particular, the bisindole alkaloid induces a mitochondrial involvement in apoptosis machinery activation with Blc-2/Bcl-x down-regulation and Bax up-regulation. These findings demonstrated that 2,2-bis(6-bromo-3-indolyl) ethylamine alkaloid-induced apoptosis is regulated by the Bcl-2 protein family upstream of caspase activation.
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Tetrahydroquinoline Ring as a Versatile Bioisostere of Tetralin for Melatonin Receptor Ligands. J Med Chem 2018; 61:3726-3737. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Divergent reactions of oxindoles with amino alcohols via the borrowing hydrogen process: oxindole ring opening vs. C3 alkylation. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00184g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxindoles react with N-acetyl amino alcohols to form tryptamine-derived oxindoles, whereas analogous reactions with N-alkyl amino alcohols lead to lactam formation via a relatively mild borrowing hydrogen process.
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Natural and synthetic avenanthramides activate caspases 2, 8, 3 and downregulate hTERT, MDR1 and COX-2 genes in CaCo-2 and Hep3B cancer cells. Food Funct 2018; 9:2913-2921. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01804e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Avenanthramides inhibit proliferation of CaCo-2 and Hep3B cancer cells through induction of apoptosis and downregulation of pro-survival mechanisms.
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Iron-Catalyzed Direct C3-Benzylation of Indoles with Benzyl Alcohols through Borrowing Hydrogen. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8769-8775. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Observations concerning the synthesis of tryptamine homologues and branched tryptamine derivatives via the borrowing hydrogen process: synthesis of psilocin, bufotenin, and serotonin. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Liver Retransplantation in Patients With HIV-1 Infection: An International Multicenter Cohort Study. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:679-87. [PMID: 26415077 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Liver retransplantation is performed in HIV-infected patients, although its outcome is not well known. In an international cohort study (eight countries), 37 (6%; 32 coinfected with hepatitis C virus [HCV] and five with hepatitis B virus [HBV]) of 600 HIV-infected patients who had undergone liver transplant were retransplanted. The main indications for retransplantation were vascular complications (35%), primary graft nonfunction (22%), rejection (19%), and HCV recurrence (13%). Overall, 19 patients (51%) died after retransplantation. Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 56%, 51%, and 51%, respectively. Among patients with HCV coinfection, HCV RNA replication status at retransplantation was the only significant prognostic factor. Patients with undetectable versus detectable HCV RNA had a survival probability of 80% versus 39% at 1 year and 80% versus 30% at 3 and 5 years (p = 0.025). Recurrence of hepatitis C was the main cause of death in the latter. Patients with HBV coinfection had survival of 80% at 1, 3, and 5 years after retransplantation. HIV infection was adequately controlled with antiretroviral therapy. In conclusion, liver retransplantation is an acceptable option for HIV-infected patients with HBV or HCV coinfection but undetectable HCV RNA. Retransplantation in patients with HCV replication should be reassessed prospectively in the era of new direct antiviral agents.
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Abstract
A straightforward, rapid, versatile, regio- and chemoselective approach for the synthesis of C4-substituted tryptophan derivatives is reported.
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33
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Climate change impact on the PAH ecotoxicity in Mediterranean soils. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Highly Potent and Selective MT2 Melatonin Receptor Full Agonists from Conformational Analysis of 1-Benzyl-2-acylaminomethyl-tetrahydroquinolines. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7512-25. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Iridium-catalyzed direct synthesis of tryptamine derivatives from indoles: exploiting n-protected β-amino alcohols as alkylating agents. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3217-22. [PMID: 25699684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The selective C3-alkylation of indoles with N-protected ethanolamines involving the "borrowing hydrogen" strategy is described. This method provides convenient and sustainable access to several tryptamine derivatives.
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Synthesis of 2-substituted tryptophans via a C3- to C2-alkyl migration. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1991-8. [PMID: 25246958 PMCID: PMC4168769 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of 3-substituted indoles with dehydroalanine (Dha) derivatives under Lewis acid-mediated conditions has been investigated. The formation of 2-substituted tryptophans is proposed to occur through a selective alkylative dearomatization–cyclization followed by C3- to C2-alkyl migration and rearomatization.
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Trichinellosis outbreak caused by meat from a wild boar hunted in an Italian region considered to be at negligible risk for Trichinella. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62:285-91. [PMID: 25103623 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The wild boar is an important source of trichinellosis for people in European countries as a large number of hunted animals escape veterinary control. In November 2012, uncooked sausages made with meat from wild boar were consumed by 38 persons in a village of the Lucca province (Tuscany region, Italy). Of them, 34 were serologically positive, 32 developed clinical signs and symptoms of trichinellosis, and two were asymptomatic. Trichinella britovi larvae were detected in vacuum-packed sausages made with the same batch of sausages consumed raw which had been prepared with meat from wild boar hunted in the Lucca province. As no case of trichinellosis had been reported in this region during the last 20 years, the regional public health authority considered the risk for this zoonosis to be negligible and put in place a surveillance programme on Trichinella spp. in indicator animals (mainly foxes and including wild boar for private consumption), by testing only a percentage of heads. The experience from this outbreak shows that the definition of a region with a negligible risk for Trichinella infection is not applicable to wild boar and stresses the need to test all Trichinella-susceptible wild animals intended for human consumption and to implement risk communication to consumers and hunters.
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Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Bisindolization of α-Amido Acetals: Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Bis(indolyl)ethanamino Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Synthesis of (±)-cis-Clavicipitic Acid by a Rh(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Imine Reaction. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3255-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500245s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: Cause or consequence? Free Radic Res 2013; 47:854-68. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.830717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Synthesis of (−)-Epi-Indolactam V by an Intramolecular Buchwald–Hartwig C–N Coupling Cyclization Reaction. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7727-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4013767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilinia fructicola on Apple in Italy. PLANT DISEASE 2013; 97:689. [PMID: 30722219 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-12-0869-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monilinia fructicola (G. Wint.) Honey, the causal agent of brown rot, is one of the most important fungal pathogens of stone fruit but may also affect pome fruits. The pathogen is common in North America, Oceania, South America, and Asia. It is a quarantined pathogen in Europe (3), but was recently detected in apple from the Czech Republic, Germany, and Serbia (1,2,4). In January 2012, during a survey for fungal postharvest pathogens, stored apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) belonging to the cultivars Gala and Pink Lady showing brown rot symptoms were observed in the Emilia Romagna region, Italy. Typical decay spots were circular and brown, tending toward black. Decayed tissues remained firm, and numerous grayish pustules containing spores appeared on rotted areas. The pathogen was isolated on V8 juice agar and culture plates were incubated at 25°C in darkness for 5 days. A conidial suspension was spread on malt extract agar and single spores were selected. The colonies were morphologically identified as M. fructigena. Two colonies developing a gray mass of spores in concentric rings with the reverse side black were further studied by molecular tools. The colony margins were even and the conidia were one-celled, limoniform, hyaline, and 12.1 to 17.4 × 8.4 to 11.2 μm. The ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was PCR-amplified from genomic DNA obtained from mycelium using primers ITS1 and ITS4. A BLAST search in GenBank revealed the highest similarity (99%) to M. fructicola sequences (GenBank Accession Nos. HQ893748.1 and FJ515894.1). Pathogenicity was confirmed using surface-sterilized mature 'Gala' apples, wounded with a sterile needle, and inoculated with an isolate conidial suspension (103 spores/ml). A 20 μl droplet was placed in the wound; control fruits received sterile water without conidia. After 5 days of incubation at 20°C in plastic containers with high humidity, typical symptoms of brown rot developed on inoculated fruits, while control fruits remained symptomless. The fungus isolated from inoculated fruit exhibited the same morphological and molecular features shown by the original isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the fungus M. fructicola on apple in Italy. Further studies are necessary to determine geographic distribution, prevalence and economic importance of this quarantine organism in Italy. References: (1) J. Duchoslavovà et al. Plant Dis.91:907, 2007. (2) A. Grabke et al. Plant Dis. 95:772, 2011. (3) OEPP/EPPO. EPPO A2 list of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests. Version 2010-09. Retrieved from http://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/listA2.htm , 2010. (4) M. Vasic et al. Plant Dis. 96:456, 2012.
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Organocatalyzed coupling of indoles with dehydroalanine esters: synthesis of bis(indolyl)propanoates and indolacrylates. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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44
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45
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303. Reemplazo valvular aórtico por miniesternotomía: optimización de la estrategia quirúrgica y resultados. CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1134-0096(12)70544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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46
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P-699 - Selective DNA methylation of BDNF promoter in bipolar disorder: differences among patients vs controls and potential influence of pharmacological treatments. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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First Report of Colletotrichum acutatum Causing Bitter Rot on Apple in Italy. PLANT DISEASE 2012; 96:144. [PMID: 30731871 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-11-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Italy could be considered the main apple-producing country in the European Union. Italian apple (Malus domestica L. Borkh.) production is estimated at approximately 2.1 million tons and encompasses a wide range of cultivars, harvested from August to November. Colletotrichum acutatum, which causes severe losses to strawberry production, was a regulated organism for all European countries until 2008, when it was removed from the EPPO quarantine pathogen list because of its wide distribution in strawberry-production areas. During the growing season of 2010, fungi were isolated from apple fruits exhibiting bitter rot symptoms after 4 months of storage in several packinghouses in the Emilia Romagna Region. The apples belonged to the Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Pink Lady and Crisp Pink cultivars. Lesions on the fruit surface were circular and 1 to 3 cm in diameter. When lesions enlarged, they became sunken with relatively firm rotten tissues. The fungal fruiting structures, acervuli, were distributed sparsely or densely on old lesions, and under humid conditions, they discharged an orange conidial mass. Conidia observed with a light microscope appeared hyaline and fusiform, 8 to 16 × 2.5 to 4 μm, with two pointed ends or one rounded end. The fungal isolates were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates incubated at 25°C. After 7 days, colonies were white, becoming gray to pale orange, and when viewed from the reverse side, the color ranged from pink to reddish orange. Both cultural and morphological characteristics of the pathogen were similar to those described for C. acutatum J.H. Simmonds (3), which is responsible for bitter rot of apple (2). Koch's postulates were performed with one representative isolate from each host by artificial inoculation of 30 healthy apples from the cultivars listed above. Fruit surfaces were disinfected with 70% ethanol, wounded with a sterile needle, and then inoculated with 20 μl of a spore suspension (105 conidia ml-1) prepared from a 15-day-old culture on PDA. Inoculated fruits were sealed in a plastic bag and incubated at 25°C for 10 days. In 92% of fruits, symptoms appeared 10 days later, forming lesions with cream-to-salmon pink fruiting structures. The fungus was reisolated onto PDA from the lesions on the inoculated apples. After 7 days of incubation, the colonies and the morphology of conidia were the same as those of the original isolates. The tests were performed on all four cultivars with similar results. The PCR analysis, carried out using universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 (4) directly from single-spore-derived mycelium (1), resulted in an amplification product with 100% sequence homology with C. acutatum isolate AB626881 from GenBank database. Considering the results obtained, to our knowledge, this is the first report of C. acutatum in Italy causing bitter rot on apple. The disease is common in practically all countries where apples are commercially grown and since the losses could be severe under prolonged warm and wet weather conditions, C. acutatum could represent a serious issue for the Italian apple industry. References: (1) M. Iotti and A. Zambonelli. Mycol. Res. 110:60, 2006. (2) A. L. Jones et al. Plant Dis. 80:1294, 1996. (3) B. C. Sutton. Page 1 in: Colletotrichum: Biology, Pathology and Control. Brit. Soc. Plant Pathol. Oxon. UK 1992. (4) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols. A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.
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VID-1.01: Combined endoscopic and surgical treatment for bladder erosion by prolene mesh. Urology 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.07.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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In vivo imaging of cell morphology and cellular processes in Caenorhabditis elegans, using non-linear phenomena. Micron 2009; 40:876-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Cholesterol is a critical component of biological membranes, which not only plays an essential role in determining membrane physical properties, but also in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Cells satisfy their need for cholesterol either by uptake from nutrients and lipoproteins or de novo synthesis from acetyl-CoA. The latter process occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, where transcription factors that regulate the expression of enzymes involved in the de novo cholesterol synthesis reside. Cholesterol is distributed to different membranes most prominently to plasma membrane, where it participates in the physical organization of specific membrane domains. Mitochondria, however, are considered cholesterol-poor organelles, and obtain their cholesterol load by the action of specialized proteins involved in its delivery from extramitochondrial sources and trafficking within mitochondrial membranes. Although mitochondrial cholesterol fulfills vital physiological functions, such as the synthesis of bile acids in the liver or the formation of steroid hormones in specialized tissues, recent evidence indicates that the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria may be a key step in disease progression, including steatohepatitis, carcinogenesis or Alzheimer disease.
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