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Liu GY, Chen SC, Lee GH, Shaiv K, Chen PY, Cheng H, Hong SR, Yang WT, Huang SH, Chang YC, Wang HC, Kao CL, Sun PC, Chao MH, Lee YY, Tang MJ, Lin YC. Precise control of microtubule disassembly in living cells. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110472. [PMID: 35686621 PMCID: PMC9340485 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules tightly regulate various cellular activities. Our understanding of microtubules is largely based on experiments using microtubule‐targeting agents, which, however, are insufficient to dissect the dynamic mechanisms of specific microtubule populations, due to their slow effects on the entire pool of microtubules. To overcome this technological limitation, we have used chemo and optogenetics to disassemble specific microtubule subtypes, including tyrosinated microtubules, primary cilia, mitotic spindles, and intercellular bridges, by rapidly recruiting engineered microtubule‐cleaving enzymes onto target microtubules in a reversible manner. Using this approach, we show that acute microtubule disassembly swiftly halts vesicular trafficking and lysosomal dynamics. It also immediately triggers Golgi and ER reorganization and slows the fusion/fission of mitochondria without affecting mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, cell rigidity is increased after microtubule disruption owing to increased contractile stress fibers. Microtubule disruption furthermore prevents cell division, but does not cause cell death during interphase. Overall, the reported tools facilitate detailed analysis of how microtubules precisely regulate cellular architecture and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Chi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kritika Shaiv
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yu Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Rong Hong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chu Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Lin Kao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chiao Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Chao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yian-Ying Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Wu MP, Wu CC, Chang FM, Yen EY, Hsieh MF, Chao MH. Endometrial carcinoma presenting as hematometra mimicking a large pelvic cyst. J Clin Ultrasound 1999; 27:541-543. [PMID: 10525218 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0096(199911/12)27:9<541::aid-jcu10>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Large pelvic cysts are commonly seen in gynecologic practice; their heterogeneous origin is reflected in their pleomorphic clinical features. We report the case of a 64-year-old multiparous postmenopausal woman with an unusual manifestation of endometrial adenocarcinoma that presented as hematometra mimicking a large pelvic cyst. In this case, hematometra was well demonstrated by transabdominal sonography, but transvaginal sonography allowed better visualization of the endometrial lining and suggested the correct diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Abnormal vaginal bleeding or hematometra in postmenopausal women should lead to assessment of the endometrial mucosa. Transvaginal sonography can be used to visualize neoplastic lesions in the endometrium when hematometra is detected through transabdominal sonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tainan Municipal Hospital, 670 Chung-Te Road, 701 Tainan, Taiwan
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