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Duraisamy R, Al-Shar'i NA, Chandrashekharappa S, Deb PK, Gleiser RM, Tratrat C, Chopra D, Muthukurpalya Bhojegowd MR, Thirumalai D, Morsy MA, Ibrahim YF, Mohanlall V, Venugopala KN. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and computational investigation of ethyl 2,4,6-trisubstituted-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylates as potential larvicidal agents against Anopheles arabiensis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4016-4028. [PMID: 37259506 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the most known vector-borne diseases caused by female Anopheles mosquito bites. According to WHO, about 247 million cases of malaria and 619,000 deaths were estimated worldwide in 2021, of which 95% of the cases and 96% of deaths occurred in the African region. Sadly, about 80% of all malaria deaths were of children under five years old. Despite the availability of different insecticides used to control this disease, the emergence of drug-resistant mosquitoes threatens public health. This, in turn, highlighted the need for new larvicidal agents that are effective at different larval life stages. This study aimed to identify novel larvicidal agents. To this end, a series of ethyl 2,4,6-trisubstituted-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylates 8a-i was synthesized using a three-step chemical synthetic approach via a Biginelli reaction employed as a key step. All title compounds were screened against Anopheles arabiensis to determine their larvicidal activities. Among them, two derivatives, ethyl 2-((4-bromophenyl)amino)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 8b and ethyl 2-((4-bromo-2-cyanophenyl)amino)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 8f, showed the highest larvicidal activity, with mortality of 94% and 91%, respectively, and emerged as potential larvicidal agents. In addition, computational studies, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, were carried out to investigate their mechanism of action. The computational results showed that acetylcholinesterase appears to be a plausible molecular target for their larvicidal property.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Duraisamy
- Organic Synthesis and Nano-Bio Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, India
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-R) Raebareli, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Raquel M Gleiser
- CREAN-IMBIV (CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Dhakshanamurthy Thirumalai
- Organic Synthesis and Nano-Bio Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, India
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Yasmine F Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Shende SU, Al-Shar'i NA, Saini SM, Mohanlall V, Gleiser RM, Deb PK, Morsy MA, Venugopala KN, Chandrashekharappa S. Synthesis, characterization and larvicidal studies of ethyl 3-benzoyl-7-(piperidin-1-yl)indolizine-1-carboxylate analogues against Anopheles arabiensis and cheminformatics approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38315452 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2311881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
According to WHO, in 2021, there was an estimation of 247 million malaria cases from 84 malaria-endemic countries. Globally an estimated count of 2 billion malaria cases and 11.7 million deaths due to malaria were recorded in the past two decades. Further, the emergence of drug-resistant mosquitos threatens mankind. Therefore, the development of newer larvicidal agents is the need of the hour. This research identifies a new series of variably substituted indolizines for their effectiveness in controlling Anopheles arabiensis larvae through larvicidal activity. The series of Ethyl 3-benzoyl-7-(piperidin-1-yl)indolizine-1-carboxylate analogues (4a-j) were synthesized by reacting 4-(piperidin-1-yl)pyridine, phenacyl bromides with ethyl propiolate via 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition and the green metrics of the process are reported. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR,13C NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS. The larvicidal effectiveness of the newly synthesized compounds was assessed against Anopheles arabiensis. Among the compounds studied, namely 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f, displayed the most notable larval mortality rates within the series, reaching 73%, 81%, 76%, and 71% respectively, in contrast with the negative control acetone. In comparison, the standard Temephos exhibited a mortality rate of 99% at the same concentration. Furthermore, computational approaches including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations identified the potential targets of the series compounds as the larval Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and the Sterol Carrier Protein-2 (SCP-2) protein. However, it is essential for these computational predictions to undergo experimental validation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondarya Uttam Shende
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Surbhi Mahender Saini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Raquel M Gleiser
- CREAN-IMBIV (UNC-CONICET), Av. Valparaiso s.n., and FCEFyN, Av. V. Sarsfield 299, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, UP, India
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Heeba GH, Morsy MA, Mahmoud ME, Abdel-Latif R. Gastro-protective effect of l-arginine against nitric oxide deficiency-related mucosal injury induced by indomethacin: Does age matter? J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23479. [PMID: 37483153 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a common disease with increased prevalence in the aged population. Aged gastric mucosa has increased susceptibility to injury along with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use due to impaired mucosal defense and decreased vasodilator release. We investigated whether l-arginine could protect against age-related gastric ulceration induced by indomethacin. Aged and adult male Wistar rats were administered sole and combined treatment of l-arginine and Nω -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester ( l-NAME) before induction of gastric ulceration by indomethacin. The gastroprotective effect of l-arginine was displayed only in adult rats with indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, as evidenced by a significant decrease in ulcer index, oxidative stress parameters, and mucosal myeloperoxidase activity along with increased mucosal PGE2 levels. Interestingly, the mucosal gene expressions of NF-кB, iNOS, and COX-2 were significantly suppressed by l-arginine pretreatment and aggregated upon pretreatment with l-NAME in both adult and aged rats treated with indomethacin. In conclusion, l-arginine protected the rats' gastric mucosa against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, possibly, at least in part, by enhancement of mucosal nitric oxide/PGE2 content along with suppressing gastric inflammation and oxidative stress. This study supposed that the gastroprotective effect of l-arginine depends on aging, and even so, the adoption of a new approach to gastric ulcer treatment for the aged population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan H Heeba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Magda E Mahmoud
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Rania Abdel-Latif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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Jacob S, Nair AB, Boddu SHS, Abuhijjleh RK, Selvaraju K, Babu T, Gorain B, Shah J, Morsy MA. The emerging role of lipid nanosystems and nanomicelles in liver diseases. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8651-8680. [PMID: 37782180 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit remarkable potential in the diagnosis and treatment of various liver ailments, including primary liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases. High surface area-to-volume ratio with distinct physicochemical and bio-pharmaceutical properties have contributed numerous benefits to NPs, such as high intracellular uptake and efficient drug delivery capabilities stemming from their ability to encapsulate a diverse range of drugs. Lipid-based nanosystems have demonstrated significant potential as reliable and efficient transport vehicles for a variety of actives, including small interfering RNA, targeting the liver, owing to their excellent in vivo compatibility, biodegradable nature, and non-toxic properties. Multiple aspects of various lipid-based materials, lipid nanosystems like solid lipid NPs, nanovesicles such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, and nanomicelles for liver-specific active targeting have been comprehensively reviewed. Ongoing and completed clinical trials of lipid nanosystems developed for HCC, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatitis are tabulated. Types of receptors and ligands typically used for active liver targeting in HCC are extensively discussed. The US FDA's recent approval for the use of Onpattro (Patisiran) injection to treat polyneuropathy in adult patients is indicative of the rapid development of lipid nanosystems employed for hepatic targeting. Nanoemulsions loaded with diagnostic imaging agents for multi-modal liver imaging were briefly discussed. Emerging technologies are being developed to integrate desirable properties of nanoparticles (NPs), including high stability, efficient drug loading, opsonization avoidance, active liver targeting, and facilitation of endosomal escape. Clinical translations of many lipid NPs for drug and gene therapy applications targeting different liver diseases are expected in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Alkhodair KM, Alhojaily S. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomolecules for Neurodegenerative Disabilities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1250. [PMID: 37627315 PMCID: PMC10452295 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of versatile adult stem cells present in various organs. These cells give rise to extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a diverse array of biologically active elements, making them a promising approach for therapeutics and diagnostics. This article examines the potential therapeutic applications of MSC-derived EVs in addressing neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). Furthermore, the present state-of-the-art for MSC-EV-based therapy in AD, HD, PD, ALS, and MS is discussed. Significant progress has been made in understanding the etiology and potential treatments for a range of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) over the last few decades. The contents of EVs are carried across cells for intercellular contact, which often results in the control of the recipient cell's homeostasis. Since EVs represent the therapeutically beneficial cargo of parent cells and are devoid of many ethical problems connected with cell-based treatments, they offer a viable cell-free therapy alternative for tissue regeneration and repair. Developing innovative EV-dependent medicines has proven difficult due to the lack of standardized procedures in EV extraction processes as well as their pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms of action. However, recent biotechnology and engineering research has greatly enhanced the content and applicability of MSC-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. Alkhodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameer Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Abd El-Lateef HM, Marzok M, El-Beltagi HS, Al Khodair KM, Soliman WE, Albokhadaim I, Venugopala KN. A century of "Camel Research": a bibliometric analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1157667. [PMID: 37323832 PMCID: PMC10267326 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1157667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bibliometrics is a quantitative analytic strategy used to assess the unit of publications per each field of research. Bibliometric studies are commonly employed to examine the current research climate, potential developments, and development trends in certain domains. In this work, the major contributors to camel research throughout the past century are discussed, along with the funding sources, academic institutions, scientific disciplines, and countries that contributed to "Camel Research". Methods The Web of Science (WOS) database was used to retrieve the publications based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) instructions. Results There are 7,593 articles dedicated to camel research on the Web of Science (as of August 1st, 2022). Three stages were involved in the publication of a study on camels. At the beginning, from 1877 to 1965, there were fewer than ten new publications per year. The second stage comprised 100 publications per year (1968-2005). Since 2010, nearly 200 new papers have been published each year. King Saud and King Faisal universities contributed > (0.08) of the total publications. While more than 1,000 funding agents were retrieved, the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) showed the greatest rate of funded projects (0.17). Camel research was included in 238 scientific disciplines. The top disciplines were Veterinary Sciences (0.39), Agriculture Dairy Animal Science (0.144), and Food Science Technology (0.087). Conclusion There has been an increase in interest in camels in recent years, but the research trends in camel health and production need greater support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. Al Khodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa E. Soliman
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Nair AB, Aldhubiab B, Shah J, Jacob S, Attimarad M, Sreeharsha N, Venugopala KN, Joseph A, Morsy MA. Design, Development, and Evaluation of Constant Voltage Iontophoresis for the Transungual Delivery of Efinaconazole. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051422. [PMID: 37242664 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of topical antifungal therapy in onychomycosis has been hindered by the failure of the antimycotic to permeate the nail plate. This research aims to design and develop a transungual system for the effective delivery of efinaconazole utilizing constant voltage iontophoresis. Seven prototype drug-loaded hydrogel formulations (E1-E7) were prepared to assess the influence of solvent (ethanol) and cosolvent (Labrasol®) on transungual delivery. Optimization was performed to evaluate the effect of three independent variables; voltage, solvent-to-cosolvent ratio, and penetration enhancer (PEG 400) concentration on critical quality attributes (CQAs), such as drug permeation and loading into the nail. The selected hydrogel product was characterized for pharmaceutical properties, efinaconazole release from the nail, and antifungal activity. Preliminary data indicates ethanol, Labrasol®, and voltage influence the transungual delivery of efinaconazole. Optimization design indicates a significant impact by applied voltage (p-0.0001) and enhancer concentration (p-0.0004) on the CQAs. Excellent correlation between selected independent variables and CQAs was confirmed by the high desirability value (0.9427). A significant (p < 0.0001) enhancement in the permeation (~78.59 µg/cm2) and drug loading (3.24 µg/mg) was noticed in the optimized transungual delivery with 10.5 V. FTIR spectral data indicates no interaction between the drug and excipients, while the DSC thermograms confirmed the amorphous state of the drug in the formulation. Iontophoresis produces a drug depot in the nail that releases above the minimum inhibitory concentration level for an extended period, potentially reducing the need for frequent topical treatment. Antifungal studies further substantiate the release data and have shown remarkable inhibition of Trichophyton mentagrophyte. Overall, the promising results obtained here demonstrate the prospective of this non-invasive method for the effective transungual delivery of efinaconazole, which could improve the treatment of onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Alex Joseph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Morsy MA, El-Daly M, Kamel BA, Rifaai RA, Abdel-Gaber SA. Pregnenolone protects the liver against doxorubicin-induced cellular injury by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic mechanisms: role of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and P-glycoprotein. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:4718-4734. [PMID: 37259756 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202305_32484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic characterized by increased adverse effects that limit its clinical usefulness. Pregnenolone is a pregnane X receptor (PXR) agonist that increases the expression of xenobiotic transporters with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Thus, we hypothesized that pregnenolone would protect against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomized into four groups (n = 7): Control, Control + Pregnenolone (35 mg/kg/day, orally), DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p.) single dose on day five, and Pregnenolone + DOX. All treatments continued for seven consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, serum and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological assessment. The possible interaction between pregnenolone and DOX on cell viability was tested in HepG2 cells in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS DOX treatment resulted in hepatic damage and fibrosis with increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Liver samples of the DOX-treated group showed increased oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA) and total nitrite/nitrate and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], increased hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), and mRNA of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Pretreating the rats with pregnenolone antagonized these DOX-induced effects. Moreover, pregnenolone upregulated the hepatic expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and P-glycoprotein and decreased Keap1, opposing the effects of DOX. Moreover, pregnenolone prevented the DOX-induced activation and nuclear translocation of NFκB and increased cleaved caspase-3. Pregnenolone potentiated DOX-mediated cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate the protective effects of pregnenolone against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity without limiting its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Gaber SA, Mokhemer SA, Kandeel M, Sedik WF, Nair AB, Venugopala KN, Khalil HE, Al-Dhubiab BE, Mohamed MZ. Pregnenolone Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis-Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 and NADPH Oxidase 1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050665. [PMID: 37242448 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical usefulness of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its serious adverse effects, such as cardiotoxicity. Pregnenolone demonstrated both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in animal models. The current study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of pregnenolone against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. After acclimatization, male Wistar rats were randomly grouped into four groups: control (vehicle-treated), pregnenolone (35 mg/kg/d, p.o.), DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p, once), and pregnenolone + DOX. All treatments continued for seven consecutive days except DOX, which was administered once on day 5. The heart and serum samples were harvested one day after the last treatment for further assays. Pregnenolone ameliorated the DOX-induced increase in markers of cardiotoxicity, namely, histopathological changes and elevated serum levels of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, pregnenolone prevented DOX-induced oxidative changes (significantly lowered cardiac malondialdehyde, total nitrite/nitrate, and NADPH oxidase 1, and elevated reduced glutathione), tissue remodeling (significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase 2), inflammation (significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6), and proapoptotic changes (significantly lowered cleaved caspase-3). In conclusion, these findings show the cardioprotective effects of pregnenolone in DOX-treated rats. The cardioprotection achieved by pregnenolone treatment can be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Seham A Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Mokhemer
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Wael F Sedik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Hany Ezzat Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bandar E Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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10
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Abd El-Lateef HM, Marzok M, El-Beltagi HS, Al Khodair KM, Albokhadaim I, Venugopala KN. Efficacy of the modified vaccinia Ankara virus vaccine and the replication-competent vaccine ACAM2000 in monkeypox prevention. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110206. [PMID: 37087871 PMCID: PMC10120163 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, there has been an uptick in reported cases of monkeypox (Mpox) in Africa and across the globe. This prompted us to investigate the efficacy of the two vaccines that can prevent Mpox, the modified vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) vaccine and ACAM2000 vaccine. We analyzed them to determine their rates of humoral cell responses, adverse events, and rash reactions and used these factors as the primary indicators. METHODS This study adapted primary data obtained from the Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. We included a total of eight studies, three of which explored the ACAM2000 vaccine and five of which explored the JYNNEOS MVA vaccine. RESULTS There were significant differences in the rates of humoral responses after inoculation by the two vaccines. JYNNEOS MVA vaccine immunization resulted in a statistically significant increased humoral immune response with an effect size of 81.00 (42.80, 119.21) at a 95% CI and a rash reaction with an effect size of 96.50 (42.09, 235.09.21) at a 95% CI. ACAM2000 resulted in a lesser increase in neutralizing antibodies than JYNNEOS MVA vaccine. Similar findings were identified for the rates of adverse reactions, but the difference was not statistically significant. The differences in rash reaction rates in the two vaccination groups were also not statistically significant. CONCLUSION ACAM2000 and JYNNEOS vaccines have proven to be efficient in preventing Mpox even though variations exist in their modes of action and associated significant effects. The nonreplicating nature of JYNNEOS prevents the occurrence of the adverse effects seen with other vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Hany M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Hossam S El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Al Khodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
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11
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Abd El-Lateef HM, Marzok M, El-Beltagi HS, Al Khodair KM, Albokhadaim I, Venugopala KN. Safety and Immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1, MVA-MERS-S, and GLS-5300 DNA MERS-CoV Vaccines. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109998. [PMID: 37004348 PMCID: PMC10050282 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Background The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a pathogen associated with an acute respiratory infection that has a high mortality rate in humans. It was first identified in June of 2012 in the Arabian Peninsula. The success of the COVID-19 vaccines has shown that it is possible to take advantage of medical and scientific advances to produce safe and effective vaccines for coronaviruses. This study aimed to examine the safety and immunogenicity of MERS-CoV vaccines. Methods The research method Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used as the guideline for this study. RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of the included studies. The safety was assessed by recording adverse events following vaccination, and the immunogenicity was assessed by using seroconversion. Results The study included five randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria after screening. The studies had 173 participants and were performed in four countries. The vaccines examined were the ChAdOx1 MERS vaccine, MVA-MERS-S vaccine, and GLS-5300 DNA MERS-CoV vaccine. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences in local adverse effects (all local adverse effects and pain) or systemic adverse effects (all systemic adverse effects, fatigue, and headache) among participants in groups receiving a high-dose vaccine or a low-dose vaccine. There were, however, higher levels of seroconversion in high-dose groups than in low-dose groups (OR 0.16 [CI 0.06, 0.42, p = 0.0002]). Conclusion The findings showed that high doses of current MERS-CoV vaccine candidates conferred better immunogenicity than low doses and that there were no differences in the safety of the vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Hany M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hossam S El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Al Khodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
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12
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Alnaim AS, Shah H, Nair AB, Mewada V, Patel S, Jacob S, Aldhubiab B, Morsy MA, Almuqbil RM, Shinu P, Shah J. Qbd-Based Approach to Optimize Niosomal Gel of Levosulpiride for Transdermal Drug Delivery. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030213. [PMID: 36975662 PMCID: PMC10048649 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor aqueous solubility besides extensive hepatic first effect significantly decreases the oral absorption of levosulpiride, which in turn minimizes its therapeutic effectiveness. Niosomes have been extensively investigated as a transdermal vesicular nanocarrier to increase the delivery of low permeable compounds into and across the skin. This research work was to design, develop and optimize levosulpiride-loaded niosomal gel and to evaluate its prospects for transdermal delivery. The Box-Behnken design was used to optimize niosomes by analyzing the impact of three factors (cholesterol; X1, Span 40; X2, and sonication time; X3) on the responses (particle size, Y1, and entrapment efficiency, Y2). Optimized formulation (NC) was incorporated into gel and evaluated for pharmaceutical properties, drug release study, ex vivo permeation, and in vivo absorption. The design experiment data suggest that all three independent variables influence both response variables significantly (p < 0.01). Pharmaceutical characteristics of NC vesicles showed the absence of drug excipient interaction, nanosize (~102.2 nm), narrow distribution (~0.218), adequate zeta potential (−49.9 mV), and spherical shape, which are suitable for transdermal therapy. The levosulpiride release rates varied significantly (p < 0.01) between niosomal gel formulation and control. Greater flux (p < 0.01) was observed with levosulpiride-loaded niosomal gel than with control gel formulation. Indeed, the drug plasma profile of niosomal gel was significantly higher (p < 0.005), with ~3 folds higher Cmax and greater bioavailability (~500% higher; p < 0.0001) than its counterpart. Overall, these findings imply that the use of an optimized niosomal gel formulation can increase the therapeutic efficacy of levosulpiride and may represent a promising alternative to conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Alnaim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.S.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Hiral Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Arihant School of Pharmacy & BRI, Adalaj, Gandhinagar 382421, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vivek Mewada
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Smit Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Arihant School of Pharmacy & BRI, Adalaj, Gandhinagar 382421, India
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bandar Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Rashed M. Almuqbil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India
- Correspondence: (A.S.A.); (J.S.)
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13
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Abd El-Lateef HM, Marzok M, El-Beltagi HS, Al Khodair KM, Albokhadaim I, Venugopala KN. Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1154607. [PMID: 36969860 PMCID: PMC10033694 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1154607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among older persons. This study looked at how Augmentin affected behavior, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats in which AD had been induced by scopolamine.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, memantine, Augmentin, and pre-Augmentin (the last group received Augmentin before scopolamine administration and was treated with memantine). A Morris water maze was utilized to measure spatial memory in the animals, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry were employed to analyze gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis, respectively.Results: Memantine and Augmentin increased spatial memory in healthy rats. The use of scopolamine impaired spatial memory. Both Augmentin and memantine improved spatial memory in AD rats, particularly in the group that received memantine; however, the outcomes were more substantial when Augmentin was administered before scopolamine was given to induce AD. Furthermore, the expression of presenilin-2 (PSEN2) and inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) increased, whereas the expression of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) fell in the AD-treated groups; however, the results were more substantial after combination therapy. According to flow cytometry studies, Augmentin pre-treatment reduced apoptosis in AD rats.Discussion: The results showed that administering Augmentin to AD rats before memantine improved their spatial memory, reduced neuronal cell death, upregulated protective genes, and suppressed genes involved in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud Kandeel,
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. Al Khodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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14
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Morsy MA, Gupta S, Dora CP, Jhawat V, Dhanawat M, Mehta D, Gupta K, Nair AB, El-Daly M. Venoms classification and therapeutic uses: a narrative review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1633-1653. [PMID: 36876699 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The mere glimpse of venomous animals has always terrified humans because of the devastating effects of their venoms. However, researchers across the globe have isolated therapeutically active ingredients from these venoms and continue to explore them for drug leads. These efforts lead to the discovery of therapeutic molecules that the US-FDA has approved to treat different diseases, such as hypertension (Captopril), chronic pain (Ziconotide), and diabetes (Exenatide). The main active constituents of most venoms are proteins and peptides, which gained more attention because of advancements in biotechnology and drug delivery. The utilization of newer screening approaches improved our understanding of the pharmacological complexity of venom constituents and facilitated the development of novel therapeutics. Currently, with many venom-derived peptides undergoing different phases of clinical trials, more are in pre-clinical drug development phases. This review highlights the various sources of venoms, their pharmacological actions, and the current developments in venom-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Kandeel M, Morsy MA, Abd El-Lateef HM, Marzok M, El-Beltagi HS, Al Khodair KM, Albokhadaim I, Venugopala KN, Al-Rasheed M, Ismail MM. A century of "anticoccidial drugs": bibliometric analysis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1157683. [PMID: 37205230 PMCID: PMC10185802 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1157683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Publications are an important measure of scientific and technological progress. The quantitative examination of the number of publications in a certain research topic is known as bibliometrics. Bibliographic studies are widely used to analyse the condition of research, future potential, and current growth patterns in a certain topic. It can serve as a basis for making decisions and implementing strategies to achieve long-term development goals. To our knowledge, no research has been conducted in these domains; so, this work aims to employ bibliometric analysis to provide comprehensive data on publications related to anticoccidial drugs. As a result, the current study uses bibliometric analysis to track the evolution of anticoccidial drugs and its consequences in the academic and public worlds via a survey of relevant scientific and popular publications. The Dimensions database was used to retrieve the bibliographical statistics, which were then cleaned and analyzed. The data was also loaded into the VOS viewer, which generated a network visualization of the authors with the most joint articles. The investigation discovered three stages of publications and citations since the first article on anticoccidial drugs in 1949. The first stage, which ran from 1920 to 1968, was characterized by a scarcity of research articles on anticoccidial drugs. From 1969 to 2000, the second stage was marked by a stable and marginally increased number of articles. The scientific field was characterized by an increasing trend in the number of publications and their citations from 2002 to 2021. The study gave a complete list of the top anticoccidial drugs funding agents, countries, research institutes, most cited publications, and important co-authorship and partnerships. The outcomes of the study will help veterinary practitioners and researchers understand the trends and best sources of knowledge in the field of anticoccidial medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud Kandeel,
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. Al Khodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Al-Rasheed
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Avian Research Center, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. Ismail
- Department of Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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16
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Kamran M, Morsy MA, Kandiel TA, Iali W. Semi-automated EPR system for direct monitoring the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 suspension using TEMPOL model compound. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:2071-2083. [PMID: 35962908 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous solutions is commonly evaluated by monitoring the rate of methylene blue bleaching and phenols degradation, but both substrates suffer from many drawbacks, e.g., the high capacity of dark adsorption, self-degradation, and photosensitization. Besides, filtration is always required to separate the particulate photocatalyst before the analysis. Herein, we investigated the potential use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPOL) to directly monitor the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 suspensions without the need for filtration. The results showed that TEMPOL aqueous solution is in the dark and under UV-A illumination, does not absorb UV-A and visible light, and has negligible dark adsorption. The influence of TEMPOL concentration, light intensity, and TiO2 loading on the photocatalytic deactivation rate has been investigated. The mechanisms of TEMPOL deactivation in the presence and absence of oxygen as well as in the presence of methanol •OH radicals' scavenger have been discussed. The photocatalytic deactivation products have been analyzed using EPR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopies. It is found that the deactivation of TEMPOL is initiated by •OH radicals and α-H abstraction from the 4-piperidine position followed by the formation of TEMPONE (4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) and 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine). In the presence of methanol, the formed α-hydroxyl radicals (•CH2OH) attack the nitroxide side of TEMPOL and produce 4-hydroxy-tetramethylpiperidine. Same activity trends have been observed for the photocatalytic methanol oxidation and TEMPOL deactivation over different types of TiO2 photocatalysts evincing that the proposed method has a potential for direct monitoring of the activities of photocatalyst suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tarek A Kandiel
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wissam Iali
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Nair AB, Gorain B, Pandey M, Jacob S, Shinu P, Aldhubiab B, Almuqbil RM, Elsewedy HS, Morsy MA. Tocotrienol in the Treatment of Topical Wounds: Recent Updates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112479. [PMID: 36432670 PMCID: PMC9699634 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing wounds is an important attempt to keep the internal higher organs safe. Complications in topical wound healing may lead to the formation of scars, which can affect the patient's quality of life. Although several approaches are ongoing in parallel in the exploration of natural compounds via advanced delivery, in this article, an attempt has been made to highlight tocotrienol. Tocotrienol is a natural form of vitamin E and has shown its potential in certain pharmacological activities better than tocopherol. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cell signal-mediating effects, angiogenic properties, management of scar, and promotion of wound environment with essential factors have shown potential in the management of topical wound healing. Therefore, this review has aimed to focus on recent advances in topical wound healing through the application of tocotrienols. Challenges in delivering tocotrienols to the topical wound due to its large molecular weight and higher logP have also been explored using nanotechnological-based carriers, which has made tocotrienol a potential tool to facilitate the closure of wounds. Exploration of tocotrienol has also been made in human volunteers for biopsy wounds; however, the results are yet to be reported. Overall, based on the current findings in the literature, it could be inferred that tocotrienol would be a viable alternative to the existing wound dressing components for the management of topical wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.B.N.); (B.G.); Tel.: +966-536219868 (A.B.N.); +91-9088585676 (B.G.)
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
- Correspondence: (A.B.N.); (B.G.); Tel.: +966-536219868 (A.B.N.); +91-9088585676 (B.G.)
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, SSH 17, Jant, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed M. Almuqbil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba S. Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Latif R, Hafez SMNA, Kandeel M, Abdel-Gaber SA. Paeonol Protects against Methotrexate Hepatotoxicity by Repressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis-The Role of Drug Efflux Transporters. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101296. [PMID: 36297408 PMCID: PMC9611069 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent against a wide range of tumors and autoimmune diseases; however, hepatotoxicity limits its clinical use. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Paeonol is a natural phenolic compound reported for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of paeonol against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and various mechanisms that underlie this postulated effect. Paeonol was administered orally in a dose of 100 mg/kg, alone or along with MTX, for 10 days. Hepatotoxicity was induced via a single intraperitoneal dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) on day 5 of the experiment. Concomitant administration of paeonol with MTX significantly ameliorated distorted hepatic function and histological structure, restored hepatic oxidative stress parameters (MDA, NO, and SOD), and combated inflammatory response (iNOS and TNF-α). Additionally, paeonol enhanced cell proliferation and survival, evidenced by upregulating the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and suppressing apoptosis and the disposition of collagen fibers in rat livers treated with MTX. Importantly, paeonol upregulated the drug efflux transporters, namely P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp-2) in MTX-treated rats. In conclusion, paeonol offered a potent protective effect against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity through suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis pathways, along with P-gp and Mrp-2 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Rania Abdel-Latif
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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19
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Shinu P, Sharma M, Gupta GL, Mujwar S, Kandeel M, Kumar M, Nair AB, Goyal M, Singh P, Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Nagaraja S, Telsang M, Aldhubiab BE, Morsy MA. Computational Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Naproxen-Guaiacol Chimera for Gastro-Sparing Anti-Inflammatory Response by Selective COX2 Inhibition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206905. [PMID: 36296501 PMCID: PMC9609004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4-allyl guaiacol is a natural phenolic molecule that has been widely studied for its antioxidant capacity against reactive-oxygen-species-mediated cellular damage. Therefore, we hypothesized that concomitant use of an antioxidant and NSAID may decrease the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity and make the therapy safer. To address the gastrointestinal toxicity of conventional NSAIDs, a new S-naproxen-4-allyl guaiacol chimera (MAS-1696) was computationally developed, chemically synthesized, and tested for anti-inflammatory effectiveness and gastrointestinal safety. The inhibitory potency of MAS-1696 tested against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX2), and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) in vitro revealed a stronger inhibition of COX2. Furthermore, the MAS-1696 chimera increased the COX selectivity index by 23% as compared to the parent compound naproxen, implying higher efficacy and gastric safety. In vivo data showed that MAS-1696 was less likely to cause gastrointestinal harm than naproxen while also exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects equivalent to or superior to naproxen. In conclusion, MAS-1696 is orally active, bio-labile, and crystalline, making it a medication that may be administered orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Sciences University Delhi Campus, New Delhi 110085, India
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Girdhari Lal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala 133201, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Purna Singh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley 3872, Anguilla
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Mallikarjun Telsang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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20
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Morsy MA, El-Hussieny M, Zenhom NM, Nair AB, Venugopala KN, Refaie MMM. Fenofibrate ameliorates letrozole-induced polycystic ovary in rats via modulation of PPARα and TNFα/CD95 pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:7359-7370. [PMID: 36314306 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202210_30005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine health problem during the childbearing period that seriously affects fertility in females. Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) agonist, showed beneficial effects in models of endocrine disturbances. Thus, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effect of fenofibrate in experimental PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats received oral fenofibrate (300 mg/kg/day) for three weeks following a three-week PCOS induction regimen using oral letrozole (1 mg/kg/day). We determined the changes in body weight, levels of serum testosterone, insulin, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and tissue tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and CD95 protein expressions. The tissue expression of interleukin-10 (IL10) and PPARα genes was determined. RESULTS Letrozole-treated rats showed successful induction of PCOS, confirmed by histopathology and significantly increased body weight, testosterone, insulin, AMH, and MDA, and decreased SOD. Ovaries of untreated PCOS rats showed increased TNFα and CD95 and decreased PPARα and IL10 expression. Administration of fenofibrate ameliorated the letrozole-induced PCOS changes. CONCLUSIONS Fenofibrate-mediated amelioration of PCOS in rats is attributed partly to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties and activation of PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Morsy MA, Ibrahim YF, Abdel Hafez SMN, Zenhom NM, Nair AB, Venugopala KN, Shinu P, Abdel-Gaber SA. Paeonol Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091687. [PMID: 36139761 PMCID: PMC9495847 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HIR) is the most common type of liver injury following several clinical situations. Modulating oxidative stress and inflammation by Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB pathways, respectively, is involved in alleviating HIR injury. Paeonol is a natural phenolic compound that demonstrates significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study explored the possible protective effect of paeonol against HIR injury and investigated its possible molecular mechanisms in rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operated control, paeonol-treated sham-operated control, HIR untreated, and HIR paeonol-treated groups. The results confirmed that hepatic injury was significantly aggravated biochemically by elevated serum levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, as well as by histopathological alterations, while paeonol reduced the increase in transaminases and alleviated pathological changes induced by HIR. Additionally, paeonol inhibited the HIR-induced oxidative stress in hepatic tissues by decreasing the upraised levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and enhancing the suppressed levels of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, paeonol activated the protective antioxidative Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The protective effect of paeonol was associated with inhibiting the expression of the inflammatory key mediators TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB, and TNF-α. Finally, paeonol inhibited the increased mRNA levels of the pro-apoptotic marker Bax and enhanced the reduced mRNA levels of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. Taken together, our results proved for the first time that paeonol could protect against HIR injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Al Bilad Bank Scholarly Chair for Food Security in Saudi Arabia, the Deanship of Scientific Research, the Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Yasmine F. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | | | - Nagwa M. Zenhom
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65525, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Morsy MA, Patel SS, Bakrania A, Kandeel M, Nair AB, Shah JN, Akrawi SH, El-Daly M. Ameliorative Effect of a Neoteric Regimen of Catechin plus Cetirizine on Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060820. [PMID: 35743851 PMCID: PMC9225010 DOI: 10.3390/life12060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 20–50% of the global population. Available treatments are limited by their adverse effects. We investigated the anti-allergic effects of catechin alone and combined with cetirizine against ovalbumin-induced AR. Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin and received catechin (14 days) and then challenged with aerosolized ovalbumin (1%) to determine AR clinical scores. Histamine, histamine release, and histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity were determined in blood, peritoneal mast cells, and stomachs, respectively. Vascular permeability and safety were assessed using Evans blue leakage and barbiturate-induced sleeping-time assays, respectively. Catechin and cetirizine binding with HDC was investigated by docking and binding energy analyses. The clinical scores of the combination regimen were superior to either drug alone. All treatments reduced vascular leakage, with no effect on barbiturate-induced sleeping time. Only the catechin-treated rats showed reduced histamine levels and HDC activity. Docking studies revealed that catechin has a 1.34-fold higher extra-precision docking score than L-histidine. The binding energy scores for catechin-HDC, L-histidine-HDC, and histamine-HDC were −50.86, −37.64, and −32.27 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding pattern of catechin was comparable to the standard HDC inhibitor, histidine methyl ester, but with higher binding free energy. Catechin binds the catalytic residue S354, unlike cetirizine. The anti-allergic effects of catechin can be explained by HDC inhibition and possible antihistaminic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (S.S.P.)
| | - Snehal S. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (S.S.P.)
| | - Anita Bakrania
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Jigar N. Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Sabah H. Akrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
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Jacob S, Nair AB, Shah J, Gupta S, Boddu SHS, Sreeharsha N, Joseph A, Shinu P, Morsy MA. Lipid Nanoparticles as a Promising Drug Delivery Carrier for Topical Ocular Therapy-An Overview on Recent Advances. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:533. [PMID: 35335909 PMCID: PMC8955373 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to complicated anatomical and physical properties, targeted drug delivery to ocular tissues continues to be a key challenge for formulation scientists. Various attempts are currently being made to improve the in vivo performance of therapeutic molecules by encapsulating them in various nanocarrier systems or devices and administering them via invasive/non-invasive or minimally invasive drug administration methods. Biocompatible and biodegradable lipid nanoparticles have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional ocular drug delivery systems to overcome various ocular barriers. Lipid-based nanocarrier systems led to major technological advancements and therapeutic advantages during the last few decades of ocular therapy, such as high precorneal residence time, sustained drug release profile, minimum dosing frequency, decreased drug toxicity, targeted site delivery, and, therefore, an improvement in ocular bioavailability. In addition, such formulations can be given as fine dispersion in patient-friendly droppable preparation without causing blurred vision and ocular sensitivity reactions. The unique advantages of lipid nanoparticles, namely, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and liposomes in intraocular targeted administration of various therapeutic drugs are extensively discussed. Ongoing and completed clinical trials of various liposome-based formulations and various characterization techniques designed for nanoemulsion in ocular delivery are tabulated. This review also describes diverse solid lipid nanoparticle preparation methods, procedures, advantages, and limitations. Functionalization approaches to overcome the drawbacks of lipid nanoparticles, as well as the exploration of new functional additives with the potential to improve the penetration of macromolecular pharmaceuticals, would quickly progress the challenging field of ocular drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India;
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133203, India;
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Alex Joseph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India;
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Morsy MA, El-Sheikh AAK, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Kandeel M, Abdel-Gaber SA. Paeonol Protects Against Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Upregulation of P-gp Expression and Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:774387. [PMID: 35185559 PMCID: PMC8854802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.774387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a well-known anticancer drug that causes nephrotoxicity as a side effect. To investigate the mechanisms by which paeonol, a natural phenolic compound, can protect against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity, paeonol (100 mg/kg/day orally) was given to rats for 10 days, with or without MTX (20 mg/kg once i.p. at day 5). Compared to control, MTX caused nephrotoxic effects manifested by increased serum urea and creatinine and distortion in renal histological architecture, with a significant increase in the mean glomerular diameter and upregulation of kidney injury molecule-1. MTX caused oxidative stress manifested by decreasing reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase while increasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. MTX also induced renal inflammation by upregulating TLR4, NF-κB, and IL-1β and caused apoptosis by induction of caspase 3. Administering paeonol with MTX improved kidney functional and structural parameters, as well as all oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers tested. Interestingly, both MTX and paeonol increased the expression of the renal efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) that helps in MTX elimination, and their drug combination further upregulated renal P-gp. In silico, paeonol was neither a substrate nor an inhibitor of P-gp, suggesting that its effect on P-gp is not on functional but on the expression level. In vitro, paeonol and MTX were administered to colon cancer cells and their combination caused a progressive cellular cytotoxic effect, which was dose-dependent with the increase of paeonol concentration. In conclusion, paeonol protects against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms and might potentiate MTX chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohamed A. Morsy,
| | - Azza A. K. El-Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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25
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Morsy MA, Kawde ANM, Kamran M, Garrison TF, Iali W, Alharthi SS. Electron and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigation of anthracene oxidation. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08474. [PMID: 34901508 PMCID: PMC8639432 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The work reports a method for monitoring anthracene radical-mediated oxidation reactions using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The formation of anthracene dimer product was well-defined using 1H-NMR and 1H–1H correlation spectroscopy (COSY). Unrestricted 3-21G/B3LYP DFT was used to estimate radical hyperfine spacing (hfs), then to identify the characteristic EPR-spin transitions of anthracene radical intermediate. A detailed investigation of an anthracene oxidation reaction and its possible reaction mechanism in concentrated sulphuric acid is conducted as a model system for polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Peak-to-peak (p2p) intensities of selected EPR-spectral lines were used to evaluate anthracene's oxidation kinetic model. The findings showed that radical intermediate formation is a unimolecular autocatalytic process, dimerization is a pseudo-zero-order reaction, and the latter is the rate-determining step with a half-life of 48 ± 2 min at 25.0 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Chemistry Department, College of Chemicals and Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, P.O. Box 1624, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Abdel-Nasser M. Kawde
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Chemistry Department, College of Chemicals and Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, P.O. Box 1624, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas F. Garrison
- Chemistry Department, College of Chemicals and Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, P.O. Box 1624, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wissam Iali
- Chemistry Department, College of Chemicals and Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, P.O. Box 1624, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman S. Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Emeka PM, Ibrahim HIM, Alhaider IA, Morsy MA, Mohamed ME. Subchronic administration of mitoxantrone and the influence of enzyme inhibitors on its induced cardiotoxicity in mice: role of NRF-2/CYP2E1. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:7806-7822. [PMID: 34982442 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202112_27627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitoxantrone (MTX)- induced cardiotoxicity is a clinical concern that is limiting its use. The aim of this paper, therefore, was to investigate the subchronic administration of MTX plus nonspecific/specific inhibitors of CYP450/2E1, to assess the extent of oxidative-induced injury by measuring levels of oxidative cardiac and injury biomarkers in mice and to evaluate the effects of CYP2E1 on caspase 3 activity and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice (n = 32) were divided into four treatment groups of eight: control, MTX, MTX + 4-methlypyrazole (4MP) and MTX + disulfiram (Disf). After 6 weeks of treatments, blood and heart samples were collected. RESULTS Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis of MTX-treated plasma samples revealed several metabolites with different retention times. Cardiac antioxidant enzymes and creatine kinase (CK) levels were not significantly different among the groups. However, cardiac troponin and caspase 3 activity were significantly raised, with increased CYP2E1 expressions and reduced NRF-2 expression. Tissue damage was observed in all the treatment groups, including MTX, leading to the conclusion that MTX-induced cardiotoxicity was mediated by CYP2E1 activity, which initiated caspase 3 production, and decreased NRF-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, agents that inhibit CPY2E1 expression might attenuate MTX-induced cardiotoxicity by increasing NRF-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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Nair AB, Al-Dhubiab BE, Shah J, Gorain B, Jacob S, Attimarad M, Sreeharsha N, Venugopala KN, Morsy MA. Constant Voltage Iontophoresis Technique to Deliver Terbinafine via Transungual Delivery System: Formulation Optimization Using Box-Behnken Design and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101692. [PMID: 34683985 PMCID: PMC8538220 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical therapy of antifungals is primarily restricted due to the low innate transport of drugs through the thick multi-layered keratinized nail plate. The objective of this investigation was to develop a gel formulation, and to optimize and evaluate the transungual delivery of terbinafine using the constant voltage iontophoresis technique. Statistical analysis was performed using Box–Behnken design to optimize the transungual delivery of terbinafine by examining crucial variables namely concentration of polyethylene glycol, voltage, and duration of application (2–6 h). Optimization data in batches (F1–F17) demonstrated that chemical enhancer, applied voltage, and application time have influenced terbinafine nail delivery. Higher ex vivo permeation and drug accumulation into the nail tissue were noticed in the optimized batch (F8) when compared with other batches (F1–F17). A greater amount of terbinafine was released across the nails when the drug was accumulated by iontophoresis than the passive counterpart. A remarkably higher zone of inhibition was observed in nails with greater drug accumulation due to iontophoresis, as compared to the passive process. The results here demonstrate that the optimized formulation with low voltage iontophoresis could be a viable and alternative tool in the transungual delivery of terbinafine, which in turn could improve the success rate of topical nail therapy in onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-536-219-868
| | - Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India;
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
- Centre for Drug Delivery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (M.A.); (N.S.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Shinu P, Nair AB, Hussain S, Morsy MA, Soliman WE. Pancreatin-Cetyl Pyridinium Chloride Digestion and Decontamination Method; A Novel, Sensitive, Cost-Effective Method for Culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102025. [PMID: 34683346 PMCID: PMC8537101 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the performance of newly developed pancreatin-cetylpyridinium chloride (pancreatin-CPC) digestion and decontamination method (DDM) with N-acetyl L-Cysteine-sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH) DDM for isolation of Mycobacteria from clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. For the study, sputum samples (n = 613) obtained from clinically suspected PTB cases were subjected to direct microscopy, pretreatment with NALC-NaOH DDM (reference method), and pancreatin-CPC DDM followed by culture, and the data were analyzed. The direct microscopy illustrated diagnostic accuracies of 60.4% (sensitivity), 99.77% (specificity), 98.9% (positive predictive value) and 88.3% (negative predictive value), respectively (against culture) for the detection of Mycobacterial species. The pancreatin-CPC DDM showed competitive diagnostic accuracies (against NALC-NaOH DDM) of 99.32% (sensitivity), 94.07% (specificity), 85.05% (positive predictive value), and 99.76% (negative predictive value), respectively, for the isolation of Mycobacterial species. In conclusion, pancreatin-CPC DMM was a highly sensitive, technically simple, and cost-effective method, suggesting its competence to substitute the currently used NALC-NaOH DDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.); (W.E.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-551732794
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Snawar Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.); (W.E.S.)
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (M.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Wafaa E. Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.); (W.E.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt
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Emeka PM, Rasool ST, Morsy MA, Islam MIH, Chohan MS. Corrigendum to: Protective effects of lutein against vancomycininduced acute renal injury in mice via upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB/caspase 3. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 25:495. [PMID: 34448467 PMCID: PMC8405442 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.5.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Promise M. Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahibzada T. Rasool
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I. Hairul Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S. Chohan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Singh D, Gupta S, Verma I, Morsy MA, Nair AB, Ahmed ASF. Hidden pharmacological activities of valproic acid: A new insight. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112021. [PMID: 34463268 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is an approved drug for managing epileptic seizures, bipolar disorders, and migraine. VPA has been shown to elevate the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain through competitive inhibition of GABA transaminase, thus promoting the availability of synaptic GABA and facilitating GABA-mediated responses. VPA, which is a small chain of fatty acids, prevents histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs play a crucial role in chromatin remodeling and gene expression through posttranslational changes of chromatin-associated histones. Recent studies reported a possible effect of VPA against particular types of cancers. This effect was partially attributed to its role in regulating epigenetic modifications through the inhibition of HDACs, which affect the expression of genes associated with cell cycle control, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the current information on the actions of VPA in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, muscular dystrophy, and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.
| | - Inderjeet Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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Zeama M, Morsy MA, Abdelnaby M, Gutiérrez-Arzaluz L, Mohammed OF, Yamani ZH. Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Interchange between Zr and Ti within the MIL-125-NH 2 Metal Cluster. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2520-2528. [PMID: 34347380 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of replacing Ti with Zr in the SBU of MIL-125-NH2 . We were able to replace Ti with Zr in the mixed metal synthesis of MIL-125-NH2 , for the first time. After experimentally confirming the consistency in their framework structure and comparing their morphology, we related the femtosecond light dynamics with photocatalytic CO2 visible light conversion yield of the different variants in order to establish the composition-function relation in MIL-125 vis a vis CO2 reduction. Introducing Zr to the system was found to cause structure defects due to missing linkers. The lifetime of the charge carriers for the mixed metal samples were shorter than that of the MIL-125-NH2 . The study of CO2 photocatalytic reduction under visible light indicated that the NH2 group enhances the photocatalytic activity while the Zr incorporation inside the MIL framework introduces no significant improvements. In addition, the material systems were modelled and simulated through DFT calculations which concluded that the decrease of the photocatalytic activity is not related to the system electronic structure, insinuating that defects are the culprit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Zeama
- Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT), Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abdelnaby
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT), Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luis Gutiérrez-Arzaluz
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zain H Yamani
- Department of Physics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT), Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Morsy MA, Khalaf HM, Rifaai RA, Bayoumi AMA, Khalifa EMMA, Ibrahim YF. Canagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, ameliorates acetic acid-induced colitis in rats through targeting glucose metabolism and inhibiting NOX2. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111902. [PMID: 34328119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is defined as chronic noninfectious inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Its incidence and predominance have increased globally, with no effective agents for preventing its recurrence or treatment until now. AIM The current study aimed to investigate the possible role of canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2), to prevent and treat acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in a rat model. METHODS Colitis was induced in male Wistar rats by intrarectal instillation of 1 ml of 4% (v/v) AA. Rats were treated orally with either CANA (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days before or after colitis induction or sulfasalazine (360 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days before colitis induction. RESULTS AA resulted in a significant increase in disease activity index, colonic weight over length ratio, colon macroscopic damage score, and histological signs of colitis. All of these effects were significantly decreased by CANA administration. Additionally, CANA markedly inhibited AA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by significantly reducing the up-regulated levels in malondialdehyde, total nitrite, NF-κB, interleukin-1β, and TNF-α, and significantly increasing the down-regulated levels in reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and interleukin-10. CANA significantly inhibited caspase-3 level while rescued survivin expression in colons. Finally, CANA reduced the elevated levels of pyruvic acid and G6PDH activity, as well as the levels of p22phox and NOX2 in the AA-induced colitis. CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence that CANA has protective and therapeutic effects against AA-induced colitis by the impact of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Rifaai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M A Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Esraa M M A Khalifa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, El-Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Yasmine F Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Venugopala KN, Deb PK, Pillay M, Chopra D, Chandrashekharappa S, Morsy MA, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Kandeel M, Venugopala R, Mohanlall V. 4-Aryl-1,4-Dihydropyridines as Potential Enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase Inhibitors: Antitubercular Activity and Molecular Docking Study. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:295-306. [PMID: 33138763 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201102121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases worldwide due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). AIMS Currently, available drugs are getting resistant and toxic. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of potent molecules to treat tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the screening of a total of eight symmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4- DHP) derivatives (4a-4h) was carried out for whole-cell anti-TB activity against the susceptible H37Rv and MDR strains of MTB. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent activity against the susceptible H37Rv. Moreover, the most promising compound 4f (against H37Rv) having paratrifluoromethyl phenyl group at 4-position and bis para-methoxy benzyl ester group at 3- and 5- positions of 1,4-dihydropyridine pharmacophore, exhibited no toxicity, but demonstrated weak activity against MTB strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin. In light of the inhibitory profile of the title compounds, enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) appeared to be the appropriate molecular target. A docking study of these derivatives against InhA receptor revealed favorable binding interactions. Further, in silico predicted ADME properties of these compounds 4a-4h were found to be in the acceptable ranges, including satisfactory Lipinski's rule of five, thereby indicating their potential as drug-like molecules. CONCLUSION In particular, the 1,4-DHP derivative 4f can be considered an attractive lead molecule for further exploration and development of more potent anti-TB agents as InhA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Melendhran Pillay
- Department of Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Services, KZN Academic Complex, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bandar E Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashmi Venugopala
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Morsy MA, Abdelraheem WM, El-Hussieny M, Refaie MMM. Protective Effects of Irbesartan, an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker with PPARγ Agonistic Activity, against Estradiol Benzoate-Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia and Atypia in Female Rats via Modulation of TNFα/Survivin Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070649. [PMID: 34358075 PMCID: PMC8308641 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a common gynecological problem and may progress to carcinoma. Early detection and management of EH are mandatory for the prevention of endometrial cancer. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin II signaling are involved in the progression of precancerous and cancerous lesions. However, no studies have evaluated the role of this system in estradiol benzoate (EB)-induced EH and atypia. Irbesartan (IRB), an angiotensin II receptor blocker with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonistic activity was administered (30 mg/kg/d) in EB-treated (60 µg/100 g bodyweight, intramuscularly, three times per week) or untreated rats for 4 weeks. Uterine weight changes, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), survivin, cleaved caspase 3, interleukin-10 (IL10), and PPARγ were measured in addition to undergoing histopathological examination. Results showed that EB-induced EH and atypia significantly increased the uterine body weight, malondialdehyde, TNFα, and survivin, accompanied with significantly decreased SOD, cleaved caspase 3, IL10, and PPARγ, with typical histopathological changes of EH and atypia. Coadministration of IRB significantly prevented EB-induced biochemical and histopathological changes. The protective effects of IRB may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, reduction of survivin, and increased levels of cleaved caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Wedad M. Abdelraheem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Maram El-Hussieny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Marwa M. M. Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
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Emeka PM, Rasool ST, Morsy MA, Islam MIH, Chohan MS. Protective effects of lutein against vancomycin-induced acute renal injury in mice via upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibition nuclear factor-kappaB/caspase 3. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 25:321-331. [PMID: 34187949 PMCID: PMC8255119 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.4.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin, an antibiotic used occasionally as a last line of treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is reportedly associated with nephrotoxicity. This study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of lutein against vancomycin-induced acute renal injury. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its associated role in renoprotection by lutein was also examined. Male BALB/c mice were divided into six treatment groups: control with normal saline, lutein (200 mg/kg), vancomycin (250 mg/kg), vancomycin (500 mg/kg), vancomycin (250 mg/kg) with lutein, and vancomycin (500 mg/kg) with lutein groups; they were euthanized after 7 days of treatment. Thereafter, samples of blood, urine, and kidney tissue of the mice were analyzed, followed by the determination of levels of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the urine, renal creatine kinase; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, and caspase-3 in the kidney; and the expression of PPARγ, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in renal tissue. Results showed that the levels of protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde, and the activity of NAG, creatine kinase and caspase-3, were significantly increased in the vancomycin-treatment groups. Moreover, the levels of Nrf2 significantly decreased, while NF-κB expression increased. Lutein ameliorated these effects, and significantly increased PPARγ expression. Furthermore, it attenuated vancomycin-induced histological alterations such as, tissue necrosis and hypertrophy. Therefore, we conclude that lutein protects against vancomycin-induced renal injury by potentially upregulating PPARγ/Nrf2 expression in the renal tissues, and consequently downregulating the pathways: inflammation by NF-κB and apoptosis by caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promise M Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahibzada T Rasool
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Hairul Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Chohan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Venugopala KN, Chandrashekharappa S, Deb PK, Tratrat C, Pillay M, Chopra D, Al-Shar'i NA, Hourani W, Dahabiyeh LA, Borah P, Nagdeve RD, Nayak SK, Padmashali B, Morsy MA, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Haroun M, Shashikanth S, Mohanlall V, Mailavaram R. Anti-tubercular activity and molecular docking studies of indolizine derivatives targeting mycobacterial InhA enzyme. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1472-1487. [PMID: 34210233 PMCID: PMC8259857 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1919889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indolizines (2a-2f, 3a-3d, and 4a-4c) were screened for in vitro whole-cell anti-tubercular activity against the susceptible H37Rv and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains. Compounds 2b-2d, 3a-3d, and 4a-4c were active against the H37Rv-MTB strain with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 4 to 32 µg/mL, whereas the indolizines 4a-4c, with ethyl ester group at the 4-position of the benzoyl ring also exhibited anti-MDR-MTB activity (MIC = 16-64 µg/mL). In silico docking study revealed the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) and anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase as potential molecular targets for the indolizines. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the compound 4b was also carried out. Further, a safety study (in silico and in vitro) demonstrated no toxicity for these compounds. Thus, the indolizines warrant further development and may represent a novel promising class of InhA inhibitors and multi-targeting agents to combat drug-sensitive and drug-resistant MTB strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Melendhran Pillay
- Department of Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Services, KZN Academic Complex, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wafa Hourani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina A Dahabiyeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Pobitra Borah
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, India
| | - Rahul D Nagdeve
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India
| | - Susanta K Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India
| | - Basavaraj Padmashali
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Bandar E Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheena Shashikanth
- Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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Venugopala KN, Chandrashekharappa S, Tratrat C, Deb PK, Nagdeve RD, Nayak SK, Morsy MA, Borah P, Mahomoodally FM, Mailavaram RP, Attimarad M, Aldhubiab BE, Sreeharsha N, Nair AB, Alwassil OI, Haroun M, Mohanlall V, Shinu P, Venugopala R, Kandeel M, Nandeshwarappa BP, Ibrahim YF. Crystallography, Molecular Modeling, and COX-2 Inhibition Studies on Indolizine Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123550. [PMID: 34200764 PMCID: PMC8230391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is an important target for drug discovery and development of novel anti-inflammatory agents. Selective COX-2 inhibitors have the advantage of reduced side-effects, which result from COX-1 inhibition that is usually observed with nonselective COX inhibitors. In this study, the design and synthesis of a new series of 7-methoxy indolizines as bioisostere indomethacin analogues (5a-e) were carried out and evaluated for COX-2 enzyme inhibition. All the compounds showed activity in micromolar ranges, and the compound diethyl 3-(4-cyanobenzoyl)-7-methoxyindolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate (5a) emerged as a promising COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.84 µM, as compared to indomethacin (IC50 = 6.84 µM). The molecular modeling study of indolizines indicated that hydrophobic interactions were the major contribution to COX-2 inhibition. The title compound diethyl 3-(4-bromobenzoyl)-7-methoxyindolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate (5c) was subjected for single-crystal X-ray studies, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and energy framework calculations. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the molecule (5c) crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P 21/n with a = 12.0497(6)Å, b = 17.8324(10)Å, c = 19.6052(11)Å, α = 90.000°, β = 100.372(1)°, γ = 90.000°, and V = 4143.8(4)Å3. In addition, with the help of Crystal Explorer software program using the B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) basis set, the theoretical calculation of the interaction and graphical representation of energy value was measured in the form of the energy framework in terms of coulombic, dispersion, and total energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (K.N.V.); (S.C.); Tel.: +966-1358-98842 (K.N.V.); +91-94486-39413 (S.C.)
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-R) Raebareli, Lucknow UP 226002, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, TIFR, GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
- Correspondence: (K.N.V.); (S.C.); Tel.: +966-1358-98842 (K.N.V.); +91-94486-39413 (S.C.)
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan;
| | - Rahul D. Nagdeve
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India; (R.D.N.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Susanta K. Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, Maharashtra, India; (R.D.N.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Pobitra Borah
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandrapur Road, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India;
| | - Fawzi M. Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80835, Mauritius;
| | - Raghu Prasad Mailavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram 534202, India;
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Osama I. Alwassil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (B.E.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rashmi Venugopala
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Belakatte P. Nandeshwarappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Shivagangotri, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka 577007, India;
| | - Yasmine F. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
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Morsy MA, Younis NS, El-Sheikh AAK, Al Turaifi FH, El-Daly M, Mohafez OM. Protective mechanisms of piperine against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity may be mediated through TGFBRAP1. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:10169-10180. [PMID: 33090425 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the possible protective mechanisms of piperine against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were given APAP (650 mg/kg i.p. once) with or without pretreatment with piperine (50 mg/kg/day orally for 3 days). RESULTS APAP caused liver toxicity as indicated by increased serum alanine aminotransferase and liver microscopic pathology, decreased hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities, without affecting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. APAP administration induced inflammation and apoptosis manifested as increased NF-κB p65 and dysregulation of caspase 3/Bcl2 expression, respectively. In addition, APAP increased the expression of transforming growth factor-β receptor-associated binding protein 1 (TGFBRAP1). On the other hand, pretreatment with piperine improved liver function and structure, reserved hepatic antioxidative defense, and attenuated inflammatory and apoptotic markers. Interestingly, piperine administration enhanced hepatic TGFBRAP1 expression compared to APAP alone. CONCLUSIONS The hepatoprotective effects of piperine against APAP are mediated via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, in addition to regulation of TGFBRAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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Nair AB, Shah J, Al-Dhubiab BE, Jacob S, Patel SS, Venugopala KN, Morsy MA, Gupta S, Attimarad M, Sreeharsha N, Shinu P. Clarithromycin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Topical Ocular Therapy: Optimization, Evaluation and In Vivo Studies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040523. [PMID: 33918870 PMCID: PMC8068826 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are being extensively exploited as topical ocular carrier systems to enhance the bioavailability of drugs. This study investigated the prospects of drug-loaded SLNs to increase the ocular permeation and improve the therapeutic potential of clarithromycin in topical ocular therapy. SLNs were formulated by high-speed stirring and the ultra-sonication method. Solubility studies were carried out to select stearic acid as lipid former, Tween 80 as surfactant, and Transcutol P as cosurfactant. Clarithromycin-loaded SLN were optimized by fractional factorial screening and 32 full factorial designs. Optimized SLNs (CL10) were evaluated for stability, morphology, permeation, irritation, and ocular pharmacokinetics in rabbits. Fractional factorial screening design signifies that the sonication time and amount of lipid affect the SLN formulation. A 32 full factorial design established that both factors had significant influences on particle size, percent entrapment efficiency, and percent drug loading of SLNs. The release profile of SLNs (CL9) showed ~80% drug release in 8 h and followed Weibull model kinetics. Optimized SLNs (CL10) showed significantly higher permeation (30.45 μg/cm2/h; p < 0.0001) as compared to control (solution). CL10 showed spherical shape and good stability and was found non-irritant for ocular administration. Pharmacokinetics data demonstrated significant improvement of clarithromycin bioavailability (p < 0.0001) from CL10, as evidenced by a 150% increase in Cmax (~1066 ng/mL) and a 2.8-fold improvement in AUC (5736 ng h/mL) (p < 0.0001) as compared to control solution (Cmax; 655 ng/mL and AUC; 2067 ng h/mL). In summary, the data observed here demonstrate the potential of developed SLNs to improve the ocular permeation and enhance the therapeutic potential of clarithromycin, and hence could be a viable drug delivery approach to treat endophthalmitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.N.); (J.S.); Tel.: +966-536219868 (A.B.N.); +91-9909007411 (J.S.)
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: (A.B.N.); (J.S.); Tel.: +966-536219868 (A.B.N.); +91-9909007411 (J.S.)
| | - Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Snehal S. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, Natal, South Africa
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133203, India;
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.); (M.A.M.); (M.A.); (N.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
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Nair AB, Shah J, Jacob S, Al-Dhubiab BE, Sreeharsha N, Morsy MA, Gupta S, Attimarad M, Shinu P, Venugopala KN. Experimental design, formulation and in vivo evaluation of a novel topical in situ gel system to treat ocular infections. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248857. [PMID: 33739996 PMCID: PMC7978349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ gels have been extensively explored as ocular drug delivery system to enhance bioavailability and efficacy. The objective of present study was to design, formulate and evaluate ion-activated in situ gel to enhance the ocular penetration and therapeutic performance of moxifloxacin in ophthalmic delivery. A simplex lattice design was utilized to examine the effect of various factors on experimental outcomes of the in situ gel system. The influence of polymers (independent variables) such as gellan gum (X1), sodium alginate (X2), and HPMC (X3) on gel strength, adhesive force, viscosity and drug release after 10 h (Q10) were assessed. Selected formulation (MH7) was studied for ex vivo permeation, in vivo irritation and pharmacokinetics in rabbits. Data revealed that increase in concentration of polymers led to higher gel strength, adhesive force and viscosity, however, decreases the drug release. MH7 exhibited all physicochemical properties within acceptable limits and was stable for 6 months. Release profile of moxifloxacin from MH7 was comparable to the check point batches and followed Korsmeyer-Peppas matrix diffusion-controlled mechanism. Ocular irritation study signifies that selected formulation is safe and non-irritant for ophthalmic administration. In vivo pharmacokinetics data indicates significant improvement of moxifloxacin bioavailability (p < 0.0001) from MH7, as evidenced by higher Cmax (727 ± 56 ng/ml) and greater AUC (2881 ± 108 ng h/ml), when compared with commercial eye drops (Cmax; 503 ± 85 ng/ml and AUC; 978 ± 86 ng h/ml). In conclusion, developed in situ gel system (MH7) could offers a more effective and extended ophthalmic therapy of moxifloxacin in ocular infections when compared to conventional eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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41
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Kandeel M, Park BK, Morsy MA, Venugopala KN, Oh-hashi K, Al-Nazawi M, Kwon HJ. Virtual Screening and Inhibition of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replication by Targeting Papain-like Protease. DSAHMJ 2021. [DOI: 10.2991/dsahmj.k.210921.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Shinu P, Morsy MA, Deb PK, Nair AB, Goyal M, Shah J, Kotta S. SARS CoV-2 Organotropism Associated Pathogenic Relationship of Gut-Brain Axis and Illness. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:606779. [PMID: 33415126 PMCID: PMC7783391 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.606779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has resulted in a pandemic after its first appearance in a pneumonia patient in China in early December 2019. As per WHO, this global outbreak of novel COVID-19 has resulted in 28,329,790 laboratory-confirmed cases and 911,877 deaths which have been reported from 210 countries as on 12th Sep 2020. The major symptoms at the beginning of COVID-19 are fever (98%), tussis (76%), sore throat (17%), rhinorrhea (2%), chest pain (2%), and myalgia or fatigue (44%). Furthermore, acute respiratory distress syndrome (61.1%), cardiac dysrhythmia (44.4%), shock (30.6%), hemoptysis (5%), stroke (5%), acute cardiac injury (12%), acute kidney injury (36.6%), dermatological symptoms with maculopapular exanthema (36.1%), and death can occur in severe cases. Even though human coronavirus (CoV) is mainly responsible for the infections of the respiratory tract, some studies have shown CoV (in case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) to possess potential to spread to extra-pulmonary organs including the nervous system as well as gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Patients infected with COVID-19 have also shown symptoms associated with neurological and enteric infection like disorders related to smell/taste, loss of appetite, nausea, emesis, diarrhea, and pain in the abdomen. In the present review, we attempt to evaluate the understanding of basic mechanisms involved in clinical manifestations of COVID-19, mainly focusing on interaction of COVID-19 with gut-brain axis. This review combines both biological characteristics of the virus and its clinical manifestations in order to comprehend an insight into the fundamental potential mechanisms of COVID-19 virus infection, and thus endorse in the advancement of prophylactic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sabna Kotta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Aga QAA, Hasan MK, Nassir KF, Aga LAA, Al-Jaidi BA, Aldhoun M, Morsy MA, Nair AB. Prevalence and types of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and their effects on platelet aggregation inhibition by clopidogrel. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:11286-11294. [PMID: 33215448 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study was conducted to determine the distribution of genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19 in Iraqi patients and their role in inter-individual variability of clopidogrel efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective controlled study was done on 100 patients under high risk of cardiovascular diseases who started clopidogrel prophylactic therapy. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine the existence of the CYP2C19 gene mutation. Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) index baseline besides one-month post-therapy was analyzed by dual-color flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Eight gene mutations of CYP2C19 were found (*1/*1), (*1/*2), (*1/*3), (*1/*8), (*1/*17), (*2/*2), (*2/*4), and (*3/*3) with higher prevalent CYP2C19*1 gene. Homozygous CYP2C19*1 allele was shown to be the rapid metabolizer comparing to the heterozygous CYP2C19*1 allele, whereas, CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were resistant alleles and were present in 28% of patients. The analysis of VASP phosphorylation produces accurate inter-individual response variability in platelets inhibition by antiplatelet drugs. CONCLUSIONS In vitro gene analysis and VASP index improve the clinical outcome of a patient candidate to clopidogrel as prophylaxis in cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q A A Aga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.
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Nair AB, Gandhi D, Patel SS, Morsy MA, Gorain B, Attimarad M, Shah JN. Development of HPLC Method for Quantification of Sinigrin from Raphanus sativus Roots and Evaluation of Its Anticancer Potential. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214947. [PMID: 33114598 PMCID: PMC7663242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinigrin, a precursor of allyl isothiocyanate, present in the Raphanus sativus exhibits diverse biological activities, and has an immense role against cancer proliferation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the sinigrin in the R. sativus roots using developed and validated RP-HPLC method and further evaluated its’ anticancer activity. To achieve the objective, the roots of R. sativus were lyophilized to obtain a stable powder, which were extracted and passed through an ion-exchange column to obtain sinigrin-rich fraction. The RP-HPLC method using C18 analytical column was used for chromatographic separation and quantification of sinigrin in the prepared fraction, which was attained using the mobile phase consisting of 20 mM tetrabutylammonium: acetonitrile (80:20%, v/v at pH 7.0) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The chromatographic peak for sinigrin was showed at 3.592 min for pure sinigrin, where a good linearity was achieved within the concentration range of 50 to 800 µg/mL (R2 > 0.99), with an excellent accuracy (−1.37% and −1.29%) and precision (1.43% and 0.94%), for intra and inter-day, respectively. Finally, the MTT assay was performed for the sinigrin-rich fraction using three different human cancer cell lines, viz. prostate cancer (DU-145), colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), and melanoma (A-375). The cell-based assays were extended to conduct apoptotic and caspase-3 activities, to determine the mechanism of action of sinigrin in the treatment of cancer. MTT assay showed IC50 values of 15.88, 21.42, and 24.58 µg/mL for DU-145, HCT-15, and A-375 cell lines, respectively. Increased cellular apoptosis and caspase-3 expression were observed with sinigrin-rich fraction, indicating significant increase in overexpression of caspase-3 in DU-145 cells. In conclusion, a simple, sensitive, fast, and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of sinigrin in the prepared fraction. The data observed here indicate that sinigrin can be beneficial in treating prostate cancer possibly by inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-536-219-868
| | - Dipal Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Snehal S. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia;
- Centre for Drug Delivery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Jigar N. Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
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Al-Dhubiab BE, Patel SS, Morsy MA, Duvva H, Nair AB, Deb PK, Shah J. The Beneficial Effect of Boswellic Acid on Bone Metabolism and Possible Mechanisms of Action in Experimental Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103186. [PMID: 33081068 PMCID: PMC7603128 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is instrumental in the pathological process of osteoporosis because a deficiency of this hormone increases the release of bone-resorbing cytokines. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), a constituent from Boswellia serrata, has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, which leads to a decline in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand, and consequently, a reduction in osteoclast activity. Hence, AKBA may be beneficial against bone loss during osteoporosis. Therefore, the current study intended to evaluate the beneficial effects of AKBA in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and to investigate its mechanism of action. Sham-operation or ovariectomy female Sprague Dawley rats were used for evaluating the antiosteoporotic effect of AKBA in this study. AKBA (35 mg/kg, p.o.) and estradiol (0.05 mg/kg, i.m.) were administered for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, body and uterus weights, serum and urine calcium and phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, and urinary creatinine levels, besides serum levels of NF-κB and TNF-α were determined. Weight, length, thickness, hardness, calcium content, as well as the bone mineral density of femur bone and lumbar vertebra were measured. A histopathological examination was also carried out. AKBA ameliorated all tested parameters and restored a normal histological structure. Thus, AKBA showed good antiosteoporotic activity, which may be mediated through its suppression of the NF-κB-induced TNF-α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (A.B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-505-845-758
| | - Snehal S. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India; (S.S.P.); (H.D.)
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Harika Duvva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India; (S.S.P.); (H.D.)
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.M.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan;
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India;
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Aziz AM, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Venugopala KN, Nair AB, Abdel-Gaber SA. The Possible Contribution of P-Glycoprotein in the Protective Effect of Paeonol against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Injury in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090223. [PMID: 32872504 PMCID: PMC7558391 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol, a phenolic ingredient in the genus Paeonia, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its germ cell damage is a critical problem. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter, is a member of the blood–testis barrier. The present study evaluated the protective effect of paeonol on MTX-induced testicular injury in rats with the exploration of its mechanism and the possible contribution of P-gp in such protection. Testicular weight, serum testosterone, and testicular P-gp levels were measured. Testicular oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated via determining the levels of malondialdehyde, total nitrite, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and the apoptotic marker caspase 3 were estimated immunohistochemically. Testicular histopathology and spermatogenesis scores were also examined. MTX caused histopathologically evident testicular damage with decreased testicular weight, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis score, as well as significant increases in oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic responses. Paeonol significantly restored testicular weight, testosterone level, spermatogenesis score, and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Moreover, paeonol increased the testicular P-gp level and significantly decreased TNF-α and caspase 3 immunostaining. In conclusion, paeonol offered a protective effect against MTX-induced testicular injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, as well as by increasing testicular P-gp level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Asmaa M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
| | - Sara M. N. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
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Kandeel M, Abdelrahman AHM, Oh-Hashi K, Ibrahim A, Venugopala KN, Morsy MA, Ibrahim MAA. Repurposing of FDA-approved antivirals, antibiotics, anthelmintics, antioxidants, and cell protectives against SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5129-5136. [PMID: 32597315 PMCID: PMC7332862 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1784291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 or Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a rapidly spreading, highly contagious, and sometimes fatal disease for which drug discovery and vaccine development are critical. SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) was used to virtually screen 1697 clinical FDA-approved drugs. Among the top results expected to bind with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro strongly were three cell protectives and antioxidants (NAD+, quercitrin, and oxiglutatione), three antivirals (ritonavir, moroxydine, and zanamivir), two antimicrobials (doripenem and sulfaguanidine), two anticancer drugs, three benzimidazole anthelmintics, one antacid (famotidine), three anti-hypertensive ACE receptor blockers (candesartan, losartan, and valsartan) and other miscellaneous systemically or topically acting drugs. The binding patterns of these drugs were superior to the previously identified SARS CoV PLpro inhibitor, 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), suggesting a potential for repurposing these drugs to treat COVID-19. The objective of drug repurposing is the rapid relocation of safe and approved drugs by bypassing the lengthy pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and preclinical phases. The ten drugs with the highest estimated docking scores with favorable pharmacokinetics were subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations followed by molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) binding energy calculations. Phenformin, quercetin, and ritonavir all demonstrated prospective binding affinities for COVID-19 PLpro over 50 ns MD simulations, with binding energy values of −56.6, −40.9, and −37.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Energetic and structural analyses showed phenformin was more stable than quercetin and ritonavir. The list of the drugs provided herein constitutes a primer for clinical application in COVID-19 patients and guidance for further antiviral studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshikh University, Kafrelshikh, Egypt
| | - Alaa H M Abdelrahman
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Kentaro Oh-Hashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Abdelazim Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A A Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Morsy MA, El-Sheikh AAK, Ibrahim ARN, Venugopala KN, Kandeel M. In silico and in vitro identification of secoisolariciresinol as a re-sensitizer of P-glycoprotein-dependent doxorubicin-resistance NCI/ADR-RES cancer cells. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9163. [PMID: 32566390 PMCID: PMC7293189 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the highly expressed cancer cell efflux transporters that cause the failure of chemotherapy. To reverse P-gp induced multidrug resistance, we employed a flaxseed-derived lignan; secoisolariciresinol (SECO) that acts as an inhibitor of breast cancer resistance protein; another efflux transporter that shares some substrate/inhibitor specificity with P-gp. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation identified SECO as a possible P-gp inhibitor. Comparing root mean square deviation (RMSD) of P-gp bound with SECO with that bound to its standard inhibitor verapamil showed that fluctuations in RMSD were lower in P-gp bound to SECO demonstrating higher stability of the complex of P-gp with SECO. In addition, the superimposition of P-gp structures after MD simulation showed that the nucleotide-binding domains of P-gp bound to SECO undertook a more central closer position compared with that bound to verapamil. Using rhodamine efflux assay on NCI/ADR-RES cancer cells, SECO was confirmed as a P-gp inhibitor, where cells treated with 25 or 50 µM of SECO showed significantly higher fluorescence intensity compared to control. Using MTT assay, SECO alone showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity, where 25 or 50 µM of SECO caused significantly less NCI/ADR-RES cellular viability compared to control. Furthermore, when 50 µM of SECO was added to doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug, SECO significantly enhanced DOX-induced cytotoxicity compared to DOX alone. The combination index calculated by CompuSyn software indicated synergism between DOX and SECO. Our results suggest SECO as a novel P-gp inhibitor that can re-sensitize cancer cells during DOX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences/College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology/Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Azza A K El-Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology/Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.,Basic Health Sciences Department/Faculty of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed R N Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy/College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry/Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences/College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences/College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology/Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Mohamed MZ, Morsy MA, Mohamed HH, Hafez HM. Paeonol protects against testicular ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13599. [PMID: 32314822 DOI: 10.1111/and.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) is the most common form of testicular injury that results in oxidative damage and inflammation ending by subinfertility. Paeonol, a natural phenolic compound, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, the present study investigated the role of paeonol in rat testicular IR injury. Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups; sham, sham treated with paeonol, IR injury, and IR pre-treated with paeonol at low and high doses. Serum testosterone and testicular levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) besides superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined. Gene quantifications for tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were also assessed. Histopathological pictures and the immunohistochemical expression of testicular nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were shown. Pre-treatment with paeonol prevented the drop in serum testosterone, alongside with improvement of testicular malondialdehyde and GSH levels plus SOD activity. Paeonol regained the normal spermatogenesis with prevention of IR-induced increase in TNF-α, HIF-1α and HSP70 gene expression besides IL-1β and IL-6 immunostaining and reduction in Nrf2 protein expression. Paeonol exerted a dose-dependent beneficial effect on testicular IR injury. This effect was achieved by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa H Mohamed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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50
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Venugopala KN, Ramachandra P, Tratrat C, Gleiser RM, Bhandary S, Chopra D, Morsy MA, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Venugopala R, Deb PK, Chandrashekharappa S, Khalil HE, Alwassil OI, Abed SN, Bataineh YA, Palenge R, Haroun M, Pottathil S, Girish MB, Akrawi SH, Mohanlall V. Larvicidal Activities of 2-Aryl-2,3-Dihydroquinazolin -4-ones against Malaria Vector Anopheles arabiensis, In Silico ADMET Prediction and Molecular Target Investigation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061316. [PMID: 32183140 PMCID: PMC7144721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria, affecting all continents, remains one of the life-threatening diseases introduced by parasites that are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Although insecticides are currently used to reduce malaria transmission, their safety concern for living systems, as well as the environment, is a growing problem. Therefore, the discovery of novel, less toxic, and environmentally safe molecules to effectively combat the control of these vectors is in high demand. In order to identify new potential larvicidal agents, a series of 2-aryl-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their larvicidal activity against Anopheles arabiensis. The in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties of the compounds were also investigated and most of the derivatives possessed a favorable ADMET profile. Computational modeling studies of the title compounds demonstrated a favorable binding interaction against the acetylcholinesterase enzyme molecular target. Thus, 2-aryl-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-ones were identified as a novel class of Anopheles arabiensis insecticides which can be used as lead molecules for the further development of more potent and safer larvicidal agents for treating malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | - Pushpalatha Ramachandra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India; (P.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Raquel M. Gleiser
- CREAN-IMBIV (UNC-CONICET), Av. Valparaíso s.n., Córdoba, Argentina and FCEFyN, AV. Sarsfield 299, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba 5000, Argentina;
| | - Subhrajyoti Bhandary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India; (S.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India; (S.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Rashmi Venugopala
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, TIFR, GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 065, India;
| | - Hany Ezzat Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Osama I. Alwassil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sara Nidal Abed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Yazan A. Bataineh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Ramachandra Palenge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India; (P.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Shinu Pottathil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Meravanige B. Girish
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sabah H. Akrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
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