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Alghasab NS, Alruwayeh M, AlGharras AA, Mulji A. Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava Extending to the Right Atrium and Ventricle. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2023; 35:200-204. [PMID: 37645374 PMCID: PMC10462254 DOI: 10.37616/2212-5043.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tumors originating from the inferior vena cava (IVC), namely leiomyosarcoma, present significant challenges due to their poor prognostic features, including extensive extension and a substantial tumor burden. In this case, we present a 55-year-old female patient complaining of abdominal discomfort and vague abdominal pain. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive summary encompassing key aspects related to symptomatology, diagnostic approaches, treatment, and prognostic indicators. We also discuss the complexities involved in managing primary tumors of the inferior vena cava, emphasizing the critical significance of adopting a multidisciplinary team-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif S. Alghasab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, University of Ha’il’, Ha’il,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alruwayeh
- Department of Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada
| | - Abdulaziz A. AlGharras
- Department of Radiology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin Mulji
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada
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Whitelaw S, Sullivan K, Eliya Y, Alruwayeh M, Thabane L, Yancy CW, Mehran R, Mamas MA, Van Spall HGC. Trial characteristics associated with under-enrolment of females in randomized controlled trials of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail 2020; 23:15-24. [PMID: 33118664 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate temporal trends in the enrolment of females in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) published in high-impact journals, and assess RCT characteristics associated with under-enrolment. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL for studies published from January 2000 to May 2019 in journals with impact factor ≥10. We included RCTs that recruited adults with HFrEF. We used a 20% threshold below the sex distribution of HFrEF to define under-enrolment. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess trial characteristics independently associated with under-enrolment. We included 317 RCTs. Among the 183 097 participants, mean (standard deviation) age was 63.0 (7.0) years and 25.5% were female. Females were under-enrolled in 71.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 66.6-76.6%] of the RCTs; enrolment did not increase significantly between 2000-2019. Sex-related eligibility criteria [odds ratio (OR) 2.05, 95% CI 1.01-4.16; P = 0.046]; recruitment in ambulatory settings (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.37-4.81; P = 0.003); trial coordination in North America (OR 4.44, 95% CI 1.09-18.07; P = 0.037), Europe (OR 6.79, 95% CI 1.63-27.39; P = 0.018) and Asia (OR 9.33, 95% CI 1.40-12.40; P = 0.033); drug (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.96-7.36; P < 0.001) and device/surgical interventions (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.16-9.43; P = 0.002); and men in first and last authorship position (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12-3.54; P = 0.047) were associated with under-enrolment of females. CONCLUSIONS Females were under-enrolled relative to disease distribution in a majority of high-impact HFrEF RCTs, with no change in temporal trends between 2000 and 2019. Trial characteristics and gender of trial leaders were associated with under-enrolment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sera Whitelaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Yousif Eliya
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Clyde W Yancy
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Ican School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, NY, New York, USA
| | - Mamas A Mamas
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Keele Cardiac Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Harriette G C Van Spall
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada.,ICES, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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