1
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Majumdar A, Lad J, Tumanova K, Serra S, Quereshy F, Khorasani M, Vitkin A. Machine learning based local recurrence prediction in colorectal cancer using polarized light imaging. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:052915. [PMID: 38077502 PMCID: PMC10704263 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.5.052915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Significance Current treatment for stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients involves surgery that may not be sufficient in many cases, requiring additional adjuvant systemic therapy. Identification of this latter cohort that is likely to recur following surgery is key to better personalized therapy selection, but there is a lack of proper quantitative assessment tools for potential clinical adoption. Aim The purpose of this study is to employ Mueller matrix (MM) polarized light microscopy in combination with supervised machine learning (ML) to quantitatively analyze the prognostic value of peri-tumoral collagen in CRC in relation to 5-year local recurrence (LR). Approach A simple MM microscope setup was used to image surgical resection samples acquired from stage III CRC patients. Various potential biomarkers of LR were derived from MM elements via decomposition and transformation operations. These were used as features by different supervised ML models to distinguish samples from patients that locally recurred 5 years later from those that did not. Results Using the top five most prognostic polarimetric biomarkers ranked by their relevant feature importances, the best-performing XGBoost model achieved a patient-level accuracy of 86%. When the patient pool was further stratified, 96% accuracy was achieved within a tumor-stage-III sub-cohort. Conclusions ML-aided polarimetric analysis of collagenous stroma may provide prognostic value toward improving the clinical management of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamitra Majumdar
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jigar Lad
- McMaster University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kseniia Tumanova
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefano Serra
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fayez Quereshy
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammadali Khorasani
- University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alex Vitkin
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Tumanova K, Serra S, Majumdar A, Lad J, Quereshy F, Khorasani M, Vitkin A. Mueller matrix polarization parameters correlate with local recurrence in patients with stage III colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13424. [PMID: 37591987 PMCID: PMC10435541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The peri-tumoural stroma has been explored as a useful source of prognostic information in colorectal cancer. Using Mueller matrix (MM) polarized light microscopy for quantification of unstained histology slides, the current study assesses the prognostic potential of polarimetric characteristics of peri-tumoural collagenous stroma architecture in 38 human stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patient samples. Specifically, Mueller matrix transformation and polar decomposition parameters were tested for association with 5-year patient local recurrence outcomes. The results show that some of these polarimetric parameters were significantly different (p value < 0.05) for the recurrence versus the no-recurrence patient cohorts (Mann-Whitney U test). MM parameters may thus be prognostically valuable towards improving clinical management/treatment stratification in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Tumanova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Stefano Serra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anamitra Majumdar
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jigar Lad
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fayez Quereshy
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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3
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Kandler T, Cortez E, Clinton L, Hemmerich A, Ahmed O, Wong R, Forns T, MacNeill AJ, Hamilton TD, Khorasani M, Feng X. A Case Series of Metastatic Malignant Gastrointestinal Neuroectodermal Tumors and Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Analysis of 20 Cases. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:1279-1297. [PMID: 35200608 PMCID: PMC8870546 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor (GNET) is an ultra-rare soft tissue sarcoma, therefore often misdiagnosed and has no available standard treatment. Here, we report 3 cases of metastatic GNET with variable clinical courses. Our small case series as well as extensive literature review, further support that GNET is a spectrum of diseases with variable inherent biology and prognosis. Surgical management in the setting of recurrent/metastatic disease may be appropriate for GNET with indolent nature. Response to systemic treatments including chemotherapy and targeted treatments is variable, likely related to heterogenous biology as well. Furthermore, we retrospectively identified 20 additional GNET cases from Foundation Medicine’s genomic database and expanded on their clinicopathological and genomic features. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) with DNA and RNA sequencing of this cohort, in the course of clinical care, demonstrated recurrent EWSR1 chromosomal rearrangements and a sparsity of additional recurrent or driver genomic alterations. All cases had low tumor mutational burden (TMB) and were microsatellite stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Kandler
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Eliane Cortez
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA;
| | - Lani Clinton
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, NC 27560, USA; (L.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Amanda Hemmerich
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, NC 27560, USA; (L.C.); (A.H.)
| | - Osama Ahmed
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saskatoon Cancer Center, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada;
| | - Ralph Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Taylor Forns
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Andrea J. MacNeill
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (A.J.M.); (T.D.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Trevor D. Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (A.J.M.); (T.D.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Mohammadali Khorasani
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (A.J.M.); (T.D.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Xiaolan Feng
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Sprenger J, Murray C, Lad J, Jones B, Thomas G, Nofech-Mozes S, Khorasani M, Vitkin A. Toward a quantitative method for estimating tumour-stroma ratio in breast cancer using polarized light microscopy. Biomed Opt Express 2021; 12:3241-3252. [PMID: 34221657 PMCID: PMC8221948 DOI: 10.1364/boe.422452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The tumour-stroma ratio (TSR) has been explored as a useful source of prognostic information in various cancers, including colorectal, breast, and gastric. Despite research showing potential prognostic utility, its uptake into the clinic has been limited, in part due to challenges associated with subjectivity, reproducibility, and quantification. We have recently proposed a simple, robust, and quantifiable high-contrast method of imaging intra- and peri-tumoural stroma based on polarized light microscopy. Here we report on its use to quantify TSR in human breast cancer using unstained slides from 40 patient samples of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Polarimetric results based on a stromal abundance metric correlated well with pathology designations, showing a statistically significant difference between high- and low-stroma samples as scored by two clinical pathologists. The described polarized light imaging methodology shows promise for use as a quantitative, automatic, and standardizable tool for quantifying TSR, potentially addressing some of the challenges associated with its current estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Sprenger
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ciara Murray
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jigar Lad
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Blake Jones
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Georgia Thomas
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammadali Khorasani
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Victoria, Canada
- Co-senior authors
| | - Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Co-senior authors
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5
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Azin A, Hirpara DH, Draginov A, Khorasani M, Patel SV, O'Brien C, Quereshy FA, Chadi SA. Adequacy of lymph node harvest following colectomy for obstructed and nonobstructed colon cancer. J Surg Oncol 2020; 123:470-478. [PMID: 33141434 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technical and clinical differences in resection of obstructed and non-obstructed colon cancers may result in differences in lymph node retrieval. The objective of this study is to compare the lymph node harvest following resection of obstructed and nonobstructed colon cancer patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis utilizing the 2014-2018 NSQIP colectomy targeted data set was conducted. One-to-one coarsened exact matching (CEM) was utilized between patients undergoing resection for obstructed and non-obstructed colon cancer. The primary outcome was the adequacy of lymph node retrieval (LNR, ≥12 nodes). RESULTS CEM resulted in 9412 patients. Patients with obstructed tumors were more likely to have inadequate LNR (13.3% vs 8.2%, p < .001) compared to those with nonobstructed tumors. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with obstructing tumors had worse LNR compared to non-obstructed tumors (odds ratio [OR]: 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62-0.87; p < .005). Increased age (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.098-0.99), presence of preoperative sepsis (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.055-0.90), left-sided and sigmoid tumors compared to right-sided (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51-0.81; OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.58-0.82, respectively), and open surgical resection compared to an minimally invasive surgical approach were associated with inadequate LNR (p < .05). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that resection for obstructing colon cancer compared to non-obstructed colon cancer is associated with increased odds of inadequate lymph node harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Azin
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dhruvin H Hirpara
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arman Draginov
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sunil V Patel
- Division of General Surgery, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine O'Brien
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Colorectal Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fayez A Quereshy
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Colorectal Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sami A Chadi
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Colorectal Cancer Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Jones B, Thomas G, Sprenger J, Nofech-Mozes S, Khorasani M, Vitkin A. Peri-tumoural stroma collagen organization of invasive ductal carcinoma assessed by polarized light microscopy differs between OncotypeDX risk group. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e202000188. [PMID: 32710711 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A commercially available genomic test, OncotypeDX has emerged as a useful postsurgical treatment guide for early stage breast cancer. Despite widespread clinical adoption, there remain logistical issues with its implementation. Collagenous stromal architecture has been shown to hold prognostic value that may complement OncotypeDX. Polarimetric analysis of breast cancer surgical samples allows for the quantification of collagenous stroma abundance and organization. We examine intratumoural collagen abundance and alignment along the tumor-host interface for 45 human samples of invasive ductal carcinoma categorized as low or higher risk by OncotypeDX. Furthermore, we probe the separatory power of collagen alignment patterns to classify unlabeled samples as low or higher OncotypeDX risk group using a linear discriminant (LD) model. No significant difference in mean collagen abundance was found between the two risk groups. However, collagen alignment along the tumor boundary was found to be significantly lower in higher risk samples. The LD model achieved a 71% total accuracy and 81% sensitivity to higher risk samples. Prognostic information extracted from the stromal morphology has potential to complement OncotypeDX as an easy-to-implement prescreening methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Jones
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Georgia Thomas
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jillian Sprenger
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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7
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Jones B, Thomas G, Westreich J, Nofech-Mozes S, Vitkin A, Khorasani M. Novel quantitative signature of tumor stromal architecture: polarized light imaging differentiates between myxoid and sclerotic human breast cancer stroma. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:3246-3262. [PMID: 32637252 PMCID: PMC7316019 DOI: 10.1364/boe.392722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As a leading cause of death in women, breast cancer is a global health concern for which personalized therapy remains largely unrealized, resulting in over- or under-treatment. Recently, tumor stroma has been shown to carry important prognostic information, both in its relative abundance and morphology, but its current assessment methods are few and suboptimal. Herein, we present a novel stromal architecture signature (SAS) methodology based on polarized light imaging that quantifies patterns of tumor connective tissue. We demonstrate its ability to differentiate between myxoid and sclerotic stroma, two pathology-derived categories associated with significantly different patient outcomes. The results demonstrate a 97% sensitivity and 88% specificity for myxoid stroma identification in a pilot study of 102 regions of interest from human invasive ductal carcinoma breast cancer surgical specimens (20 patients). Additionally, the SAS numerical score is indicative of the wide range of stromal characteristics within these binary classes and highlights ambiguous mixed-morphology regions prone to misclassification. The enabling polarized light microscopy technique is inexpensive, fast, fully automatable, applicable to fresh or embedded tissue without the need for staining and thus potentially translatable into research and/or clinical settings. The SAS metric yields quantifiable and objective stromal characterization with promise for prognosis in many types of cancers beyond breast carcinoma, enabling researchers and clinicians to further investigate the emerging and important role of stromal architectural patterns in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Jones
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Georgia Thomas
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Jared Westreich
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Stewart building, 149 College St Suite 504, Toronto, ON M5 T 1P5, Canada
- Co-senior authors
| | - Mohammadali Khorasani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, OPG Wing, 6th floor, 610 University Avenue Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
- Co-senior authors
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8
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Westreich J, Khorasani M, Jones B, Demidov V, Nofech-Mozes S, Vitkin A. Novel methodology to image stromal tissue and assess its morphological features with polarized light: towards a tumour microenvironment prognostic signature. Biomed Opt Express 2019; 10:3963-3973. [PMID: 31452988 PMCID: PMC6701544 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The amount and organization details of peri-tumoural stroma have been linked to patient outcomes in various cancers. In this study, we propose a novel and relatively simple methodology using polarized light microscopy (PLM) to image fibrillar structures within a tumour microenvironment, using only linear crossed polarizers. We demonstrate the technique's ability to image and extract measurement-geometry-independent quantitative morphological metrics related to stromal density and alignment in human invasive breast cancer samples. The findings are promising towards quantitative characterization of peri-tumoural stroma, with potential to develop a PLM signature of tumour microenvironment for providing clinically important information such as breast cancer behaviour or treatment outcome prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Westreich
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammadali Khorasani
- Fellow, Department of General Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Blake Jones
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Valentin Demidov
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex Vitkin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Gribble A, Pinkert MA, Westreich J, Liu Y, Keikhosravi A, Khorasani M, Nofech-Mozes S, Eliceiri KW, Vitkin A. A multiscale Mueller polarimetry module for a stereo zoom microscope. Biomed Eng Lett 2019; 9:339-349. [PMID: 31456893 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-019-00116-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mueller polarimetry is a quantitative polarized light imaging modality that is capable of label-free visualization of tissue pathology, does not require extensive sample preparation, and is suitable for wide-field tissue analysis. It holds promise for selected applications in biomedicine, but polarimetry systems are often constrained by limited end-user accessibility and/or long-imaging times. In order to address these needs, we designed a multiscale-polarimetry module that easily couples to a commercially available stereo zoom microscope. This paper describes the module design and provides initial polarimetry imaging results from a murine preclinical breast cancer model and human breast cancer samples. The resultant polarimetry module has variable resolution and field of view, is low-cost, and is simple to switch in or out of a commercial microscope. The module can reduce long imaging times by adopting the main imaging approach used in pathology: scanning at low resolution to identify regions of interest, then at high resolution to inspect the regions in detail. Preliminary results show how the system can aid in region of interest identification for pathology, but also highlight that more work is needed to understand how tissue structures of pathological interest appear in Mueller polarimetry images across varying spatial zoom scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Gribble
- 1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael A Pinkert
- 2Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
- 3Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
- 4Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI USA
| | - Jared Westreich
- 1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yuming Liu
- 2Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Adib Keikhosravi
- 2Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
- 4Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI USA
| | | | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- 6Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- 2Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
- 3Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, USA
- 4Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI USA
| | - Alex Vitkin
- 1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- 7Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
- 8Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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10
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Azin A, Khorasani M, Quereshy FA. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer: the surgeon's perspective. J Clin Pathol 2019; 72:133-134. [PMID: 30670565 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Azin
- Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Fayez A Quereshy
- Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Chenani M, Behnamghader A, Khorasani M, Ahmadinejad M. Evaluation of Hemostatic Behavior of Micro and Nano Gelatin/Silica Hybrid in Severe Bleeding. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:169-176. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180703143856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The pH variation of the injury site is an important factor in the failure of styptic
and its structural damage. In this study, the behaviour of a gelatin-silica hybrid in severe bleeding was
evaluated under different pH values. On the other hand, the effect of the hybrid particle size, which is one
of the key physical properties of the hybrid, has been studied in rapid control of haemostasis.
</P><P>
Method: The hybrid haemostatic behaviour varied drastically by changing the particle size, so that the
hybrid containing SiO2 with the average particle size of about 1 micro-meter (Hyb Gel-MSiO2) demonstrated
very poor ability in platelet adhesion in neutral pH, about 24%. Also, the aPTT was not
shorter than the normal time, whereas reduction of the particle size beyond a certain limit (with nanometer
SiO2 for Hyb Gel-NSiO2) led to both increasing platelet adhesion to 32% and very considerable
reduction of aPTT.
</P><P>
Results: Alignment of all results showed that the particle size reduction improves the haemostatic
behaviour of the hybrid toward its best performance by controlling excessive bleeding. By changing
the pH for a certain particle size, structural integrity, and thereby the hybrid haemostatic behaviour
changed dramatically. Therefore, the nano-hybrid showed the most blood absorption (around 470%) in
natural pH and acceded to a coherent structure. The results demonstrated that in alkaline or acidic
environment, the hybrid haemostatic behaviour was limited. Based on the results of this study, it was
found that changes in the hybrid behaviour in acidic pH were much more drastic than in alkaline pH,
and also the hybrid with the optimum particle size (Hyb Gel-NSiO2) can maintain the structural integrity
with rapid haemostasis (<3 seconds).
</P><P>
Conclusion: Based on the objective that the pH at the injury site change to the alkaline side, the resulting
hybrid has an excellent ability to control excessive bleeding and can be proposed for further in
vivo studies as a novel styptic.</P>
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chenani
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Medical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Behnamghader
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials & Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - M. Khorasani
- Department of Biomaterial, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box:14965, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Ahmadinejad
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Ibrahimi R, Musavi M, Shojaee M, Moossavi M, Moossavi SZ, Alaei M, Poodineh J, Ibrahimi M, Farahani Y, Khorasani M. The polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln (rs25487) and male infertility risk: a meta-analysis of 1,407 cases and 974 control studies. BRATISL MED J 2019; 120:349-355. [DOI: 10.4149/bll_2019_057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Khorasani M, Amigo J, Sonnergaard J, Olsen P, Bertelsen P, Rantanen J. Visualization and prediction of porosity in roller compacted ribbons with near-infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 109:11-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Khorasani M, Tofangchiha M, Hamadzadeh H, Bakhshi M. Effect of Emergency Primary Care Training Workshops: A Survey on 45 Iranian Dental School Interns. J Int Oral Health 2015. [PMID: 26225099 PMCID: PMC4516065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentistry is a therapeutic health care profession that is related to people's health. Moreover medical emergencies often occur in dental offices that little awareness of the professional workers can have unpleasant consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this interventional study, a survey of 45 final year dental students was examined. To do so, a test in terms of knowledge was taken as a standard questionnaire, and in the practical part a test was taken as on objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) test in three stations, before and after the workshop; identification of emergency instruments, the performance of intramuscular and intravenous injections and cardiopulmonary resuscitations before and after the workshop obtained data were analyzed using, SPSS version 16, Student's t-test and paired T. RESULTS Using the t-test, mean score of the students' knowledge prior to and after the workshop were 51 ± 13.08 and 83.41 ± 8.65 respectively (P = 0.000). The practical score (OSCE) of dental students was 50.85 ± 13.09, which after the workshop came up to 85.73 ± 7.06 came up (P = 0.000). T-test of the performance before and after the workshop had a significant difference in each of the three stations. Significant differences between male and female students' knowledge and performance scores don't exist before and after the workshop (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The level of knowledge and performance of students were assessed as average, therefore, training courses and revised the curriculum units are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khorasani
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Tofangchiha
- Associate professor, Department of Oral Radiology, Dental Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran,Correspondence: Dr. Tofangchiha M, Department of Oral Radiology, Dental Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Tel: +982833353061, Fax: +982833353066.
| | - H Hamadzadeh
- Assistant professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - M Bakhshi
- Associate professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Shirakbari N, Ebrahimi M, Salehi-Mobarakeh H, Khorasani M. Effect of Surfactant Type and Concentration on Surfactant Migration, Surface Tension, and Adhesion of Latex Films. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2014.901876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Amiri GG, Khorasani M, Aghajari S, Tabrizian Z. Assessment of ANFIS networks on wavelet packet levels in generating artificial accelerograms. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 2014. [DOI: 10.3233/ifs-120746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Ghodrati Amiri
- Center of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Khorasani
- School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Aghajari
- School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z. Tabrizian
- College of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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Behnam M, Kaigala G, Khorasani M, Martel S, Elliott D, Backhouse C. Integrated circuit-based instrumentation for microchip capillary electrophoresis. IET Nanobiotechnol 2010; 4:91-101. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2009.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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18
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Khorasani M, Behnam M, van den Berg L, Backhouse CJ, Elliott DG. High-Voltage CMOS Controller for Microfluidics. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst 2009; 3:89-96. [PMID: 23853200 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2009.2012868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A high-voltage microfluidic controller designed using DALSA semiconductor's 0.8-mum low-voltage/high-voltage complementary metal-oxide semiconductor/double diffused metal-oxide semiconductor process is presented. The chip's four high-voltage output drivers can switch 300 V, and the dc-dc boost converter can generate up to 68 V using external passive components. This integrated circuit represents an advancement in microfluidic technology when used in conjunction with a charge coupling device (CCD)-based optical system and a glass microfluidic channel, enabling a portable and cost-efficient platform for genetic analysis.
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19
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Kaigala G, Behnam M, Bliss C, Khorasani M, Ho S, McMullin J, Elliott D, Backhouse C. Inexpensive, universal serial bus-powered and fully portable lab-on-a-chip-based capillary electrophoresis instrument. IET Nanobiotechnol 2009; 3:1-7. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt:20080005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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20
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Behnam M, Kaigala GV, Khorasani M, Marshall P, Backhouse CJ, Elliott DG. An integrated CMOS high voltage supply for lab-on-a-chip systems. Lab Chip 2008; 8:1524-1529. [PMID: 18818808 DOI: 10.1039/b804275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoresis is a mainstay of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) implementations of molecular biology procedures and is the basis of many medical diagnostics. High voltage (HV) power supplies are necessary in electrophoresis instruments and are a significant part of the overall system cost. This cost of instrumentation is a significant impediment to making LOC technologies more widely available. We believe one approach to overcoming this problem is to use microelectronic technology (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, CMOS) to generate and control the HV. We present a CMOS-based chip (3 mm x 2.9 mm) that generates high voltages (hundreds of volts), switches HV outputs, and is powered by a 5 V input supply (total power of 28 mW) while being controlled using a standard computer serial interface. Microchip electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection is implemented using this HV CMOS chip. With the other advancements made in the LOC community (e.g. micro-fluidic and optical devices), these CMOS chips may ultimately enable 'true' LOC solutions where essentially all the microfluidics, photonics and electronics are on a single chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Behnam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V4, Canada
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21
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Hill D, Allen S, Parent E, Khorasani M, Lou E, Raso J. Validity and reliability of active shape models for the estimation of Cobb angles in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Stud Health Technol Inform 2006; 123:207-12. [PMID: 17108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Choosing the most suitable treatment for scoliosis relies heavily on accurate and reproducible Cobb angle measurement from successive radiographs. The objective is to reduce variability of Cobb angle measurement by reducing user intervention and bias. Custom software to automate Cobb angle measurement from posteroanterior radiographs was developed using active shape models. Validity and reliability of the automated system against a manual and semi-automated measurement method was conducted by two examiners each performing measurements on 3 occasions from a test set (N=22). A training set (N=47) of radiographs representative of curves seen in a scoliosis clinic was used to train the software to recognize vertebrae from T4 to L4. Images with a maximum Cobb angle between 20 degrees and 50 degrees, excluding surgical cases, were selected for training and test sets. Automated Cobb angles were calculated using best-fit slopes of the detected vertebrae endplates. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM) showed high intra-examiner (ICC > 0.90, SEM 2-3 degrees) and inter-examiner (ICC > 0.82, SEM 2-4 degrees), but poor inter-method reliability (ICC=0.30, SEM 8-9 degrees). The automated method underestimated large curves. The reliability improved (ICC = 0.70, SEM 4-5 degrees) with exclusion of the 4 largest curves (>40 degrees) in the test set. The automated method was reliable for moderate sized curves, but did not properly detect vertebrae in larger curves. Optimization of constraints on scaling, rotation, translation, and iteration may improve reliability with larger curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hill
- Capital Health - Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital Site, 10230 111 Ave., Edmonton, AB, Canada, T5G 0B7
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Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is described as an anticancer, tonic, blood purifier, and detoxifier agent. It is said that nuts have favorable fatty acids and nutrients. This study was performed to determine the lipid-lowering properties of walnut in a population in Shiraz, Southern Iran. In a randomized case-control study, 52 volunteers were divided into 2 groups: Group A consumed walnuts, 20 grams per day for 8 weeks and the control group (group B) consumed no walnuts. Triglycerides, total high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were checked for each subject prior to, after 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks after the beginning of the study. In group A, the mean plasma TG level dropped by 17.1% from the baseline and HDL cholesterol also increased significantly by 9%. It was shown that frequent consumption of nuts in the daily diet was associated with a potentially decreased risk of coronary artery disease by decreasing the level of triglyceride and increasing the level of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Zibaeenezhad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Vahabzadeh A, Abasi A, Khorasani M. 494 The role of brain d-2 dopamine receptors on stress-induced behavioural responses, using brain microdialysis. Int J Psychophysiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pines A, Raafat H, Khorasani M, Mullinger BM. Cefuroxime and ampicillin compared in a double-blind study in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. Chemotherapy 1981; 27:459-65. [PMID: 7028411 DOI: 10.1159/000238016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cefuroxime and ampicillin were compared in a randomized double-blind trial in the treatment of severe lower respiratory tract infections. 750 mg of cefuroxime were given to 57 patients and 500 mg of ampicillin to 54 patients by intramuscular injection three times daily for 7-10 days. The patients had acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis with or without pneumonia, a few had bronchiectasis and an underlying bronchial carcinoma was present in nearly a quarter. By the end of treatment the sputum, initially always mucopurulent, had become mucoid in 87.7% of patients receiving cefuroxime in comparison to 48.1% of those receiving ampicillin. A satisfactory clinical response was observed in 94.7 and 68.5%, respectively. Both these differences between cefuroxime and ampicillin are statistically significant (p less than 0.001).
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