1
|
Jain S, Voulgaris D, Thongkorn S, Hesen R, Hägg A, Moslem M, Falk A, Herland A. On-Chip Neural Induction Boosts Neural Stem Cell Commitment: Toward a Pipeline for iPSC-Based Therapies. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2401859. [PMID: 38655836 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The clinical translation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great potential for personalized therapeutics. However, one of the main obstacles is that the current workflow to generate iPSCs is expensive, time-consuming, and requires standardization. A simplified and cost-effective microfluidic approach is presented for reprogramming fibroblasts into iPSCs and their subsequent differentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). This method exploits microphysiological technology, providing a 100-fold reduction in reagents for reprogramming and a ninefold reduction in number of input cells. The iPSCs generated from microfluidic reprogramming of fibroblasts show upregulation of pluripotency markers and downregulation of fibroblast markers, on par with those reprogrammed in standard well-conditions. The NSCs differentiated in microfluidic chips show upregulation of neuroectodermal markers (ZIC1, PAX6, SOX1), highlighting their propensity for nervous system development. Cells obtained on conventional well plates and microfluidic chips are compared for reprogramming and neural induction by bulk RNA sequencing. Pathway enrichment analysis of NSCs from chip showed neural stem cell development enrichment and boosted commitment to neural stem cell lineage in initial phases of neural induction, attributed to a confined environment in a microfluidic chip. This method provides a cost-effective pipeline to reprogram and differentiate iPSCs for therapeutics compliant with current good manufacturing practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saumey Jain
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios Voulgaris
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for Integrated Medical and Engineering Science, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Surangrat Thongkorn
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Chulalongkorn Autism Research and Innovation Center of Excellence (Chula ACE), Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rick Hesen
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Alice Hägg
- Neural Stem Cells, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna Falk
- Neural Stem Cells, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas väg 10, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for Integrated Medical and Engineering Science, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mastropasqua F, Oksanen M, Soldini C, Alatar S, Arora A, Ballarino R, Molinari M, Agostini F, Poulet A, Watts M, Rabkina I, Becker M, Li D, Anderlid BM, Isaksson J, Lundin Remnelius K, Moslem M, Jacob Y, Falk A, Crosetto N, Bienko M, Santini E, Borgkvist A, Bölte S, Tammimies K. Deficiency of the Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein U locus leads to delayed hindbrain neurogenesis. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio060113. [PMID: 37815090 PMCID: PMC10581386 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants affecting Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU) have been identified in several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). HNRNPU is widely expressed in the human brain and shows the highest postnatal expression in the cerebellum. Recent studies have investigated the role of HNRNPU in cerebral cortical development, but the effects of HNRNPU deficiency on cerebellar development remain unknown. Here, we describe the molecular and cellular outcomes of HNRNPU locus deficiency during in vitro neural differentiation of patient-derived and isogenic neuroepithelial stem cells with a hindbrain profile. We demonstrate that HNRNPU deficiency leads to chromatin remodeling of A/B compartments, and transcriptional rewiring, partly by impacting exon inclusion during mRNA processing. Genomic regions affected by the chromatin restructuring and host genes of exon usage differences show a strong enrichment for genes implicated in epilepsies, intellectual disability, and autism. Lastly, we show that at the cellular level HNRNPU downregulation leads to an increased fraction of neural progenitors in the maturing neuronal population. We conclude that the HNRNPU locus is involved in delayed commitment of neural progenitors to differentiate in cell types with hindbrain profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mastropasqua
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Oksanen
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Soldini
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shemim Alatar
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abishek Arora
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberto Ballarino
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maya Molinari
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Solna, Sweden
| | - Federico Agostini
- Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Axel Poulet
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michelle Watts
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ielyzaveta Rabkina
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Becker
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danyang Li
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, 75309 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Lundin Remnelius
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yannick Jacob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Solna, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicola Crosetto
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Magda Bienko
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini 1, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Santini
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Solna, Sweden
| | - Anders Borgkvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, 6845 Perth, Western Australia
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 10431 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristiina Tammimies
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schuy J, Eisfeldt J, Pettersson M, Shahrokhshahi N, Moslem M, Nilsson D, Dahl N, Shahsavani M, Falk A, Lindstrand A. Partial Monosomy 21 Mirrors Gene Expression of Trisomy 21 in a Patient-Derived Neuroepithelial Stem Cell Model. Front Genet 2022; 12:803683. [PMID: 35186010 PMCID: PMC8854775 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.803683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients are an attractive disease model to study tissues with poor accessibility such as the brain. Using this approach, we and others have shown that trisomy 21 results in genome-wide transcriptional dysregulations. The effects of loss of genes on chromosome 21 is much less characterized. Here, we use patient-derived neural cells from an individual with neurodevelopmental delay and a ring chromosome 21 with two deletions spanning 3.8 Mb at the terminal end of 21q22.3, containing 60 protein-coding genes. To investigate the molecular perturbations of the partial monosomy on neural cells, we established patient-derived iPSCs from fibroblasts retaining the ring chromosome 21, and we then induced iPSCs into neuroepithelial stem cells. RNA-Seq analysis of NESCs with the ring chromosome revealed downregulation of 18 genes within the deleted region together with global transcriptomic dysregulations when compared to euploid NESCs. Since the deletions on chromosome 21 represent a genetic “contrary” to trisomy of the corresponding region, we further compared the dysregulated transcriptomic profile in with that of two NESC lines with trisomy 21. The analysis revealed opposed expression changes for 23 genes on chromosome 21 as well as 149 non-chromosome 21 genes. Taken together, our results bring insights into the effects on the global and chromosome 21 specific gene expression from a partial monosomy of chromosome 21qter during early neuronal differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Schuy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Pettersson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mansoureh Shahsavani
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Anna Lindstrand,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rostami J, Mothes T, Kolahdouzan M, Eriksson O, Moslem M, Bergström J, Ingelsson M, O'Callaghan P, Healy LM, Falk A, Erlandsson A. Crosstalk between astrocytes and microglia results in increased degradation of α-synuclein and amyloid-β aggregates. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:124. [PMID: 34082772 PMCID: PMC8173980 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are characterized by brain accumulation of aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) and alpha-synuclein (αSYN), respectively. In order to develop effective therapies, it is crucial to understand how the Aβ/αSYN aggregates can be cleared. Compelling data indicate that neuroinflammatory cells, including astrocytes and microglia, play a central role in the pathogenesis of AD and PD. However, how the interplay between the two cell types affects their clearing capacity and consequently the disease progression remains unclear. Methods The aim of the present study was to investigate in which way glial crosstalk influences αSYN and Aβ pathology, focusing on accumulation and degradation. For this purpose, human-induced pluripotent cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocytes and microglia were exposed to sonicated fibrils of αSYN or Aβ and analyzed over time. The capacity of the two cell types to clear extracellular and intracellular protein aggregates when either cultured separately or in co-culture was studied using immunocytochemistry and ELISA. Moreover, the capacity of cells to interact with and process protein aggregates was tracked using time-lapse microscopy and a customized “close-culture” chamber, in which the apical surfaces of astrocyte and microglia monocultures were separated by a <1 mm space. Results Our data show that intracellular deposits of αSYN and Aβ are significantly reduced in co-cultures of astrocytes and microglia, compared to monocultures of either cell type. Analysis of conditioned medium and imaging data from the “close-culture” chamber experiments indicate that astrocytes secrete a high proportion of their internalized protein aggregates, while microglia do not. Moreover, co-cultured astrocytes and microglia are in constant contact with each other via tunneling nanotubes and other membrane structures. Notably, our live cell imaging data demonstrate that microglia, when attached to the cell membrane of an astrocyte, can attract and clear intracellular protein deposits from the astrocyte. Conclusions Taken together, our data demonstrate the importance of astrocyte and microglia interactions in Aβ/αSYN clearance, highlighting the relevance of glial cellular crosstalk in the progression of AD- and PD-related brain pathology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02158-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinar Rostami
- Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences/, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Mothes
- Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences/, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mahshad Kolahdouzan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Olle Eriksson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Bergström
- Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences/, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences/, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul O'Callaghan
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke M Healy
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Erlandsson
- Molecular Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences/, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kvarnung M, Shahsavani M, Taylan F, Moslem M, Breeuwsma N, Laan L, Schuster J, Jin Z, Nilsson D, Lieden A, Anderlid BM, Nordenskjöld M, Syk Lundberg E, Birnir B, Dahl N, Nordgren A, Lindstrand A, Falk A. Ataxia in Patients With Bi-Allelic NFASC Mutations and Absence of Full-Length NF186. Front Genet 2019; 10:896. [PMID: 31608123 PMCID: PMC6769111 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of hereditary ataxia syndromes is heterogeneous, and the mechanisms underlying these disorders are often unknown. Here, we utilized exome sequencing in two siblings with progressive ataxia and muscular weakness and identified a novel homozygous splice mutation (c.3020-1G > A) in neurofascin (NFASC). In RNA extracted from fibroblasts, we showed that the mutation resulted in inframe skipping of exon 26, with a deprived expression of the full-length transcript that corresponds to NFASC isoform NF186. To further investigate the disease mechanisms, we reprogrammed fibroblasts from one affected sibling to induced pluripotent stem cells, directed them to neuroepithelial stem cells and finally differentiated to neurons. In early neurogenesis, differentiating cells with selective depletion of the NF186 isoform showed significantly reduced neurite outgrowth as well as fewer emerging neurites. Furthermore, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of patient-derived neuronal cells revealed a lower threshold for openings, indicating altered Na+ channel kinetics, suggesting a lower threshold for openings as compared to neuronal cells without the NFASC mutation. Taken together, our results suggest that loss of the full-length NFASC isoform NF186 causes perturbed neurogenesis and impaired neuronal biophysical properties resulting in a novel early-onset autosomal recessive ataxia syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Kvarnung
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mansoureh Shahsavani
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Breeuwsma
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loora Laan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agne Lieden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nordenskjöld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Syk Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bryndis Birnir
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moslem M, Olive J, Falk A. Stem cell models of schizophrenia, what have we learned and what is the potential? Schizophr Res 2019; 210:3-12. [PMID: 30587427 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with clinical manifestations in early adulthood. However, it may start with disruption of brain development caused by genetic or environmental factors, or both. Early deteriorating effects of genetic/environmental factors on neural development might be key to described disease causing mechanisms. Establishing cellular models with cells from affected individual using the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) technology could be used to mimic early neurodevelopment alterations caused by risk genes or environmental stressors. Indeed, cellular models have allowed identification and further study of risk factors and the biological pathways in which they are involved. New advancements in differentiation methods such as defined and robust monolayer protocols and cerebral 3D organoids have made it possible to faithfully mimic neural development and neuronal functionality while CRISPR-editing tools assist to engineer isogenic cell lines to precisely explore genetic variation in polygenic diseases such as schizophrenia. Here we review the current field of iPSC models of schizophrenia and how risk factors can be modelled as well as discussing the common biological pathways involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jessica Olive
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lam M, Moslem M, Bryois J, Pronk RJ, Uhlin E, Ellström ID, Laan L, Olive J, Morse R, Rönnholm H, Louhivuori L, Korol SV, Dahl N, Uhlén P, Anderlid BM, Kele M, Sullivan PF, Falk A. Single cell analysis of autism patient with bi-allelic NRXN1-alpha deletion reveals skewed fate choice in neural progenitors and impaired neuronal functionality. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111469. [PMID: 31302032 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We generated human iPS derived neural stem cells and differentiated cells from healthy control individuals and an individual with autism spectrum disorder carrying bi-allelic NRXN1-alpha deletion. We investigated the expression of NRXN1-alpha during neural induction and neural differentiation and observed a pivotal role for NRXN1-alpha during early neural induction and neuronal differentiation. Single cell RNA-seq pinpointed neural stem cells carrying NRXN1-alpha deletion shifting towards radial glia-like cell identity and revealed higher proportion of differentiated astroglia. Furthermore, neuronal cells carrying NRXN1-alpha deletion were identified as immature by single cell RNA-seq analysis, displayed significant depression in calcium signaling activity and presented impaired maturation action potential profile in neurons investigated with electrophysiology. Our observations propose NRXN1-alpha plays an important role for the efficient establishment of neural stem cells, in neuronal differentiation and in maturation of functional excitatory neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Lam
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julien Bryois
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin J Pronk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias Uhlin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivar Dehnisch Ellström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loora Laan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Olive
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Morse
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harriet Rönnholm
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauri Louhivuori
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergiy V Korol
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Uhlén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Kele
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shahsavani M, Pronk RJ, Falk R, Lam M, Moslem M, Linker SB, Salma J, Day K, Schuster J, Anderlid BM, Dahl N, Gage FH, Falk A. An in vitro model of lissencephaly: expanding the role of DCX during neurogenesis. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1674-1684. [PMID: 28924182 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lissencephaly comprises a spectrum of brain malformations due to impaired neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex. Classical lissencephaly is characterized by smooth cerebral surface and cortical thickening that result in seizures, severe neurological impairment and developmental delay. Mutations in the X-chromosomal gene DCX, encoding doublecortin, is the main cause of classical lissencephaly. Much of our knowledge about DCX-associated lissencephaly comes from post-mortem analyses of patient's brains, mainly since animal models with DCX mutations do not mimic the disease. In the absence of relevant animal models and patient brain specimens, we took advantage of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to model the disease. We established human iPSCs from two males with mutated DCX and classical lissencephaly including smooth brain and abnormal cortical morphology. The disease was recapitulated by differentiation of iPSC into neural cells followed by expression profiling and dissection of DCX-associated functions. Here we show that neural stem cells, with absent or reduced DCX protein expression, exhibit impaired migration, delayed differentiation and deficient neurite formation. Hence, the patient-derived iPSCs and neural stem cells provide a system to further unravel the functions of DCX in normal development and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Shahsavani
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R J Pronk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Lam
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Moslem
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S B Linker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Salma
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Day
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Schuster
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B-M Anderlid
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Dahl
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ameen F, Moslem M, Al Tami M, Al-Ajlan H, Al-Qahtani N. Identification of Candida species in vaginal flora using conventional and molecular methods. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:364-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.04.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
10
|
Asgari S, Moslem M, Bagheri-Lankarani K, Pournasr B, Miryounesi M, Baharvand H. Differentiation and transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 9:493-504. [PMID: 22076752 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with a high differentiation potential provided a new source for hepatocyte generation not only for drug discovery and in vitro disease models, but also for cell replacement therapy. However, the reported hiPSC-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) were not well characterized and their transplantation, as the most promising clue of cell function was not reported. Here, we performed a growth factor-mediated differentiation of functional HLCs from hiPSCs and evaluated their potential for recovery of a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-injured mouse liver following transplantation. The hiPSC-derived hepatic lineage cells expressed hepatocyte-specific markers, showed glycogen and lipid storage activity, secretion of albumin (ALB), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), urea, and CYP450 metabolic activity in addition to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and indocyanin green (ICG) uptake. Similar results were observed with human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived HLCs. The transplantation of hiPSC-HLCs into a CCl4-injured liver showed incorporation of the hiPSC-HLCs into the mouse liver which resulted in a significant enhancement in total serum ALB after 1 week. A reduction of total serum LDH and bilirubin was seen when compared with the control and sham groups 1 and 5 weeks post-transplantation. Additionally, we detected human serum ALB and ALB-positive transplanted cells in both the host serum and livers, respectively, which showed functional integration of transplanted cells within the mouse livers. Therefore, our results have opened up a proof of concept that functional HLCs can be generated from hiPSCs, thus improving the general condition of a CCl4-injured mouse liver after their transplantation. These results may bring new insights in the clinical applications of hiPSCs once safety issues are overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Asgari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, PO Box 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moslem M, Valojerdi MR, Pournasr B, Muhammadnejad A, Baharvand H. Therapeutic potential of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in mice with lethal fulminant hepatic failure. Cell Transplant 2013; 22:1785-99. [PMID: 23394436 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x662462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale production and noninvasive methods for harvesting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly in elderly individuals, has prompted researchers to find new patient-specific sources for MSCs in regenerative medicine. This study aims to produce MSCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and to evaluate their therapeutic effects in a CCl4-induced mouse model of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). hiPSC-MSCs have shown MSC morphology, antigen profile and differentiation capabilities, and improved hepatic function in our model. hiPSC-MSC-transplanted animals provide significant benefit in terms of survival, serum LDH, total bilirubin, and lipid peroxidation. hiPSC-MSC therapy resulted in a one-third reduction of histologic activity index and a threefold increase in the number of proliferating hepatocytes. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression levels of collagen type I, Mmp13, Mmp2, and Mmp9 genes and increase in Timp1 and Timp2 genes in transplanted groups. hiPSC-MSCs secreted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in vitro and also expressed HGF in evaluated liver sections. Similar results were observed with human bone marrow (hBM)-derived MSCs. In conclusion, our results have demonstrated that hiPSC-MSCs might be valuable appropriate alternatives for hBM-MSCs in FHF liver repair and support liver function by cell therapy with a large-scale production capacity, patient-specific nature, and no invasive MSC harvesting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Moslem
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gognies S, Bahkali A, Moslem M, Belarbi A. Use of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae endopolygalacturonase promoter to direct expression in Escherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 39:1023-9. [PMID: 22366768 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an endopolygalacturonase encoded by the PGL1 gene catalyzes the random hydrolysis of the α-1,4 glycosidic linkages in polygalacturonic acid. To study the regulation of the PGL1 gene, we constructed a reporter vector containing the lacZ gene under the control of PGL1 promoter. Surprisingly, when Escherichia coli DH5α was transformed by this vector, cells harboring the constructed plasmid produced blue colonies. Sequence analysis of this promoter revealed that E. coli consensus sequences required to express an in-frame lacZ alpha product were present. We next decided to investigate how the PGL1 promoter is regulated in E. coli compared to yeast. In this study, we examined the modulation of the PGL1 promoter in E. coli, and the results indicated that its activity is greatly induced by saturated digalacturonic acid and is indirectly regulated by the transcriptional regulators the 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate repressor. Moreover, PGL1 expression is enhanced under aerobic conditions. We found that β-galactosidase activity in E. coli could reach 180 units, which is 40-fold greater than the activity produced in S. cerevisiae, and greater than recombinant protein expression previously reported by other researchers. We thus demonstrate that this vector can be considered as a dual expression plasmid for both E. coli and S. cerevisiae hosts. So far, no modulation of endoPG promoters expressed in E. coli has been reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gognies
- Molecular and General Microbiology Laboratory, UFR Sciences, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogenic cell population that can be isolated from various tissues of the body or can be generated from pluripotent stem cells by in vitro differentiation. Various promising pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that MSCs might stimulate endogenous regeneration and/or act as anti-inflammatory agents, which could be of high therapeutic relevance for a number of diseases, including graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, inflammatory bowel diseases, or some forms of liver failure. Notably, conflicting results of various studies illustrated that the source of MSCs, the cultivation condition, and the way of administration have important effects on the desired clinical effect. Some of the involved molecular pathways have recently been elucidated and an artificial modulation of these pathways by engineered MSCs might result in superfunctional MSCs for enhanced endogenous regeneration or anti-inflammatory response. In this review, we summarize important findings of conventional MSCs for applications in gastroenterology and we describe the state-of-the-art for the generation of patient-derived iPS cells that eventually might provide genetically engineered superfunctional iPS cells for advanced cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Eberle
- Junior Research Group Stem Cell Biology, OE 8881, Cluster-of-Excellence REBIRTH, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to a lack of adequate liver donors and post-surgical complications, researchers propose that cell therapy should be an alternative treatment for patients with end-stage liver diseases. DATA SOURCES We performed a literature review on cell-based therapy for liver disorders. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Due to growing numbers of patients on waiting lists for liver transplantation, a substitute treatment strategy is needed for our patients. Cell therapy can save patients who are in life-threatening situations, enabling them to have more time and increase their chances of survival. Pluripotent stem cells can be a good resource for cell-based therapy after the establishment of efficient differentiation protocols in addition to the settlement of ethical and immunological issues. Cell-based therapy will be applicable after the approval of its efficiency via animal model studies. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Transplanted cells cannot integrate into the recipient liver and lose their functionality after a limited time. The rate of homing and transdifferentiation of transplanted cells into hepatocytes is scant. GROWING POINTS Application of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs), hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells (HSCs and MSCs) has improved the general conditions of certain patients. Although this improvement is temporary, new studies have focused on increasing their performance. TIMELY AREAS FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: The safety, feasibility and efficacy of applying MNCs, HSCs and MSCs in liver disorders have been proven in clinical trials. Patient-specific cell therapy after the production of induced pluripotent stem cells and new discoveries in somatic cell conversion during transdifferentiation are promising insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|