1
|
Balachandran A, Siyumbwa SN, Froemming GRA, Beata MM, Małgorzata J, Lavilla CA, Billacura MP, Okechukwu PN. In Vitro Antioxidant and Fibroblast Migration Activities of Fractions Eluded from Dichloromethane Leaf Extract of Marantodes pumilum. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1409. [PMID: 37374190 DOI: 10.3390/life13061409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) The complexity of diabetes and diabetic wound healing remains a therapeutic challenge because proper and systematic wound care and management are essential to prevent chronic microbial infection and mechanical damage to the skin. Marantodes pumilum, locally known as 'Kacip Fatimah', is an herb that has been previously reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antinociceptive and antipyretic properties. The current study aims to assess the antioxidant and fibroblast cell migration activities of the fractions eluded from the dichloromethane extract of M. pumilum leaves. (2) The total antioxidant capacity of M. pumilum was assessed using the total proanthocyanidins and phosphomolybdenum assays, while DPPH, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide free radical scavenging assays were tested to determine the antioxidant potential of M. pumilum. An in vitro scratch wound assay was performed to measure the fibroblast cell migration rate using normal and insulin-resistant human dermal fibroblast cells. (3) All M. pumilum fractions exhibited good antioxidant and fibroblast cell migration activity, among which fractions A and E displayed the greatest effect. (4) M. pumilum's fibroblast migration activity could be attributed to its strong antioxidant properties along with its previously reported properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abbirami Balachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Stepfanie N Siyumbwa
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia
| | - Gabriele R A Froemming
- Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Morak-Młodawska Beata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Sílesia, Jagiellonska, Str. 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Jeleń Małgorzata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Sílesia, Jagiellonska, Str. 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Charlie A Lavilla
- Chemistry Department, College of Science & Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Lanao del Norte, Philippines
| | - Merell P Billacura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences & Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Main Campus, Marawi City 9700, Lanao del Sur, Philippines
| | - Patrick N Okechukwu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nwabueze OP, Sharma M, Balachandran A, Gaurav A, Abdul Rani AN, Małgorzata J, Beata MM, Lavilla CA, Billacura MP. Comparative Studies of Palmatine with Metformin and Glimepiride on the Modulation of Insulin Dependent Signaling Pathway In Vitro, In Vivo & Ex Vivo. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1317. [PMID: 36355489 PMCID: PMC9695187 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Insulin resistance, a symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is caused by the inactivation of the insulin signaling pathway, which includes IRS-PI3K-IRS-1-PKC-AKT2 and GLUT4. Metformin (biguanide) and glimepiride (sulfonylurea) are both drugs that are derivatives of urea, and they are widely used as first-line drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Palmatine has been previously reported to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. (2) The current study compared palmatine to metformin and glimepiride in a type 2 diabetes model for ADME and insulin resistance via the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway: in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and in silico molecular docking. (3) Methods: Differentiated L6 skeletal muscle cells and soleus muscle tissue were incubated in standard tissue culture media supplemented with high insulin and high glucose as a cellular model of insulin resistance, whilst streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Sprague Dawley rats were used as the diabetic model. The cells/tissue/animals were treated with palmatine, while glimepiride and metformin were used as standard drugs. The differential gene expression of PI3K, IRS-1, PKC-α, AKT2, and GLUT4 was evaluated using qPCR. (4) Results: The results revealed that the genes IRS-PI3K-IRS-1-PKC-AKT2 were significantly down-regulated, whilst PKC-α was upregulated significantly in both insulin-resistant cells and tissue animals. Interestingly, palmatine-treated cells/tissue/animals were able to reverse these effects. (5) Conclusions: Palmatine appears to have rejuvenated the impaired insulin signaling pathway through upregulation of the gene expression of IRS-1, PI3K, AKT2, and GLUT4 and downregulation of PKC-expression, according to in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Okechukwu Patrick Nwabueze
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mridula Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Abbirami Balachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Anand Gaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Anis Najwa Abdul Rani
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jeleń Małgorzata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellonska Str. 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Morak-Młodawska Beata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellonska Str. 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Charlie A. Lavilla
- Chemistry Department, College of Science & Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Merell P. Billacura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Main Campus, Marawi City 9700, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|