1
|
Maqbool KU, Akhtar MT, Ayub S, Simran FNU, Malik J, Malik M, Zubair R, Mehmoodi A. Role of vaccination in patients with human monkeypox virus and its cardiovascular manifestations. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1506-1516. [PMID: 38463133 PMCID: PMC10923390 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Human monkeypox, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is an emerging infectious disease with the potential for human-to-human transmission and diverse clinical presentations. While generally considered milder than smallpox, it can lead to severe cardiovascular complications. The virus primarily spreads through contact with infected animals or through human-to-human transmission. Cardiovascular involvement in human monkeypox is rare but has been associated with myocarditis, pericarditis, arrhythmias, and even fulminant myocardial infarction. Vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing and controlling monkeypox, but the eradication of smallpox has left global populations vulnerable. This review explores the cardiovascular manifestations of human monkeypox, the role of vaccination in disease prevention, and the importance of continued research and development of effective vaccines to protect against this emerging infectious threat. The global impact of monkeypox outbreaks, particularly on vulnerable populations, further highlights the importance of understanding and addressing this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shayan Ayub
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group
| | - FNU Simran
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group
| | - Jahanzeb Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group
| | - Maria Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group
| | - Rafia Zubair
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Analytics Group
| | - Amin Mehmoodi
- Department of Medicine, Ibn e Seena Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Razaque R, Raza AR, Irshad M, Rubab SL, Batool S, Nisar B, Akram Z, Akhtar MT, Qadir R, Siddique AB, Siddique F, Saadia M. Synthesis and evaluation of 2-phenylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones derivatives as potential hypoglycaemic agents. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e254234. [PMID: 35293531 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.254234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe side effects revealed by most of the currently used antidiabetic medicines, search for finding new and safe drugs to manage diabetes is continued. Naphthoquinones possessing strong antioxidant properties have been employed as candidates for diabetes therapy. Present study is aimed at finding the antioxidant and hypoglycaemic potential of some novel derivatives of 2-phenylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones (PAN) including chloro, nitro, methyl and bromo (5a-d) derivatives synthesized by single pot experiment. Product crystals were purified by TLC and characterized by FT-IR. The antioxidant potential of the compounds was assayed through DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power activities noted as UV-vis. absorbance. The DPPH assay has showed the powerful antioxidant activity of nitro and bromo derivatives, while the nitro derivative showed the significant reduction potential towards FRAP assay. Hypoglycaemic potential of the compounds was studied in rat animal model. All synthesized compounds revealed better hypoglycaemic activity; however, the chloro-derivative exhibited the more potent hypoglycaemic activity showing about 43% reduction in the mean blood glucose levels of the treated animals. As the bioreduction of naphthoquinones may be influenced by changing its redox properties, it has been noticed that the e-donating resonance effect (+R) of 'chloro' group has shown the significant effects on biological activity through stabalization of its imine form which limits the potential of generation of free radicals during bioreduction of quinones and thus has been proposed as the reason of its hypoglycaemic activity. Future studies employing the properties of e-donating groups of PAN may optimize the drug-receptor interaction for better drug designing and drug development strategies against diabetes and also for the clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Razaque
- University of Sargodha, Institute of Chemistry, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - A R Raza
- University of Sargodha, Institute of Chemistry, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Irshad
- University of Education Lahore, Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S L Rubab
- University of Education, Department of Chemistry, Jauharabad Campus, Jauharabad, Pakistan
| | - S Batool
- University of Sargodha, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - B Nisar
- University of Lahore, Department of Chemistry, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Z Akram
- Griffith University, Health Institute Queensland, School of Medical Sciences, Gold Cost Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | - M T Akhtar
- University of Sargodha, Institute of Chemistry, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - R Qadir
- University of Sargodha, Institute of Chemistry, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Farzana Siddique
- Insititute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Saadia
- Ghazi University, Department of Chemistry, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|