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Wight J, Blombery P, Lickiss J, Burgess M, Gould C, Minson A, Swain F, Sabdia MB, Gandhi MK, Birchley A, Keane C, Hawkes EA. Systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the central nervous system have high rates of defective antigen presentation and immune surveillance. Haematologica 2024. [PMID: 38511272 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Wight
- Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia; Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Townsville University Hospital, Townsville.
| | - Piers Blombery
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 7. Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane
| | - Jennifer Lickiss
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria
| | | | - Clare Gould
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Adrian Minson
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 7. Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane
| | | | | | - Maher K Gandhi
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane
| | | | - Colm Keane
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane
| | - Eliza A Hawkes
- Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia; Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; La Trobe University, Melbourne
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Burgess M, Keane C, Tobin JW, Law SC, Griffin A, Gill D, Ewing AD, Atkinson V, Mollee P, Sabdia MB, Saunders NA, Gandhi MK. Resolution of melanoma to PD-1 blockade but simultaneous rapid progression of concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Acta Haematol 2022; 146:166-171. [PMID: 36273464 DOI: 10.1159/000527631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a novel case of a patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) who received CTLA-4 and then PD-1 immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) as treatment for concomitant metastatic melanoma. Whereas the metastatic melanoma was responsive to ICB, the CLL rapidly progressed (but responded to ICB cessation and ibrutinib). There were no new genetic mutational drivers to explain the altered clinical course. PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 and CTLA-4/CD80/CD86 expression was not increased in CLL B-cells, CD8+ or CD4+ T-cell subsets or monocytes. The patient’s CLL B-cells demonstrated strikingly prolonged in-vitro survival during PD-1 blockade, which was not observed in samples taken before or after ICB, or with other patients. To our knowledge, a discordant clinical course to ICB coupled with these biological features has not been reported in a patient with dual malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Burgess
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Colm Keane
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josh Wd Tobin
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Soi C Law
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alison Griffin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Devinder Gill
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adam D Ewing
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Peter Mollee
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Muhammed B Sabdia
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Saunders
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maher K Gandhi
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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3
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Gunawardana J, Law SC, Sabdia MB, Bednarska K, Brosda S, Zaharia A, Tsang H, de Long LM, Burgess M, Talaulikar D, Lee JN, Jude E, Hawkes EA, Jain S, Nath K, Gould C, Swain F, Tobin JWD, Keane C, Birch S, Shanavas M, Snell C, Gandhi MK. Abstract A17: The immune checkpoints TIGIT and PD-1 are markedly upregulated in NLPHL compared to classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Blood Cancer Discov 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/2643-3249.lymphoma22-a17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) comprises two distinct disease entities based on clinical, morphologic and genotypic characteristics. Relative to classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL), nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is rare, and its tumor microenvironment (TME) is very poorly characterized. With the exception of rituximab, there are no targeted treatments nor advances in the treatment of NLPHL for decades. Unlike cHL, the utility of immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) has not been evaluated in NLPHL. Diagnostic samples were collected from 49 NLPHL patients from 4 Australian centres and compared with stage-matched cHL patients (and with normal lymph nodes). An integrative transcriptomic, proteomic, T-cell clonal and functional analysis was performed to enable a comparison of the composition of the TME and its contribution to immune-evasion in NLPHL with cHL. 730 cancer-immune related genes were digitally quantified. Relative to cHL, gene set enrichment analysis identified T-cell receptor (TCR) and immune-checkpoint signaling pathway dysregulation in NLPHL. Most striking was prominent differential expression of the immune-transcriptome, particularly enrichment for programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and T-cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT) in NLPHL versus cHL. These were also over expressed compared to normal lymph nodes. Consistent with this, there was also upregulation of numerous T-cell markers (CD247, CD3D, GZMK, CD28, EOMES) in NLPHL. In contrast, immunosuppressive macrophage (CD163, CD36, CD68, COLEC12, MARCO) and regulatory T-cell genes (FOXP3) were higher in cHL. Importantly, PD-L1 and CD155 (respective ligands for PD-1 and TIGIT) were expressed at the surface of NLPHL and cHL malignant B-cells. Multispectral immunofluorescent microscopy showed intratumoral TIGIT+CD4+ and PD-1+CD4+ T-cells were markedly increased in NLPHL versus cHL and localised within NLPHL follicles. Expanded populations of intratumoral CD4+ T-cell clones were predominantly PD-1+ and frequently also TIGIT+. Multi-parameter flow cytometry and dimensionality reduction was used to establish the distribution of immune checkpoints within circulating T-cell subsets. PD-1+TIGIT+CD4+ T-cells were raised in circulating Treg, TH1 and TH2 subsets in NLPHL versus cHL, and PD-1+TIGIT+ TH2 T-cells displayed raised levels of the exhaustion marker EOMES, collectively indicating systemic T-cell dysfunction. To functionally demonstrate the utility of ICB to stimulate T-cells, an assay using cHL and/or NLPHL cell-lines co-cultured with a genetically engineered effector T-cell-line was developed. This showed that TIGIT/PD-1 dual-blockade was more effective than mono-blockade in inducing NLPHL and cHL tumor-directed CD4+ T-cell activation. Overall, our results indicate that immune-evasion mechanisms in NLPHL are distinct to those operative in cHL, with markedly greater T-cell, PD-1 and TIGIT dysregulation. PD-1 and/or TIGIT blockade warrants evaluation in NLPHL.
Citation Format: Jay Gunawardana, Soi C. Law, Muhammed B. Sabdia, Karolina Bednarska, Sandra Brosda, Andreea Zaharia, Hennes Tsang, Lilia M. de Long, Melinda Burgess, Dipti Talaulikar, Justina N. Lee, Emily Jude, Eliza A. Hawkes, Sanjiv Jain, Karthik Nath, Clare Gould, Fiona Swain, Joshua W. D. Tobin, Colm Keane, Simone Birch, Mohamed Shanavas, Cameron Snell, Maher K. Gandhi. The immune checkpoints TIGIT and PD-1 are markedly upregulated in NLPHL compared to classical Hodgkin Lymphoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma: Maximizing the Basic-Translational Interface for Clinical Application; 2022 Jun 23-26; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2022;3(5_Suppl):Abstract nr A17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gunawardana
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Soi C. Law
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Muhammed B. Sabdia
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Karolina Bednarska
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Sandra Brosda
- 2Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Andreea Zaharia
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Hennes Tsang
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Lilia M. de Long
- 2Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Melinda Burgess
- 3Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Dipti Talaulikar
- 4ACT Pathology, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, ACT, Australia,
| | - Justina N. Lee
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Emily Jude
- 5Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia,
| | - Eliza A. Hawkes
- 6Olivia Newton John Cancer Research and Wellness Centre, Austin Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Sanjiv Jain
- 7The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia,
| | - Karthik Nath
- 8Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Clare Gould
- 9Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Fiona Swain
- 3Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Joshua W. D. Tobin
- 10Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Colm Keane
- 3Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Simone Birch
- 11Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | - Mohamed Shanavas
- 1Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | | | - Maher K. Gandhi
- 10Mater Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
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Shanavas M, Law SC, Hertzberg M, Hicks RJ, Seymour JF, Li Z, Merida de Long L, Nath K, Sabdia MB, Gunawardana J, Gandhi MK, Keane C. Intratumoral T-cell receptor repertoire is predictive of interim PET scan results in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab/cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/prednisolone/vincristine (R-CHOP) chemoimmunotherapy. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1351. [PMID: 34745610 PMCID: PMC8548874 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives A diverse intratumoral T‐cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is associated with improved survival in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with rituximab/cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/prednisolone/vincristine (R‐CHOP) chemoimmunotherapy. We explored the impact of intratumoral TCR repertoire on interim PET (iPET) done after four cycles of R‐CHOP, the relationships between intratumoral and circulating repertoire, and the phenotypes of expanded clonotypes. Methods We sequenced the third complementarity‐determining region of TCRβ in tumor samples, blood at pre‐therapy and after four cycles of R‐CHOP in 35 patients enrolled in ALLGNHL21 trial in high‐risk DLBCL. We correlated the TCR diversity metrics with iPET status, gene expression profiles and HLA‐class I genotypes. We then sequenced the FACS‐sorted peripheral blood T cells in six patients, and pentamer‐sorted EBV‐specific CD8+ T cells in one patient from this cohort. Results Compared with iPET− patients, the intratumoral TCR repertoire in iPET+ patients was characterised by higher cumulative frequency of abundant clonotypes and higher productive clonality. There was a variable overlap between circulating and intratumoral repertoires, with the dominant intratumoral clonotypes more likely to be detected in the blood. The majority of shared clonotypes were CD8+ PD‐1HI T cells, and CD8+ T cells had the largest clonal expansions in tumor and blood. In a patient with EBV+ DLBCL, EBV‐specific intratumoral clonotypes were trackable in the blood. Conclusion This study demonstrates that clonally expanded intratumoral TCR repertoires are associated with iPET+ and that the blood can be used to track tumor‐associated antigen‐specific clonotypes. These findings assist the rationale design and therapeutic monitoring of immunotherapeutic strategies in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shanavas
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia.,Department of Haematology Mater Hospital Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Soi-Cheng Law
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Mark Hertzberg
- Department of Haematology Prince of Wales Hospital and University of NSW Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Department of Cancer Imaging Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - John F Seymour
- Department of Haematology Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Royal Melbourne Hospital & University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Zhixiu Li
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Translational Research Institute Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Woolloongabba QLD Australia
| | | | - Karthik Nath
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | | | - Jay Gunawardana
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Maher K Gandhi
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia.,Department of Haematology Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Colm Keane
- Mater Research University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia.,Department of Haematology Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane QLD Australia
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5
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Law SC, Hoang T, O'Rourke K, Tobin JWD, Gunawardana J, Loo-Oey D, Bednarska K, Merida de Long L, Sabdia MB, Hapgood G, Blyth E, Clancy L, Hennig S, Keane C, Gandhi MK. Successful treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma due to post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder, with ibrutinib and third-party Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cells. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3465-3471. [PMID: 33942495 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) occurring following organ transplantation (post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder [PTLD]) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is typically treated with high-dose methotrexate-based regimens. Outcomes are dismal and clinical trials are lacking. It is almost always Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated. Two patients (CA1-2) presented with EBV-associated PCNSL after renal transplant. CA1 was on hemodialysis and had prior disseminated cryptococcus and pseudomonas bronchiectasis, precluding treatment with methotrexate. CA2 was refractory to methotrexate. Both were treated off-label with the first-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib for 12 months. Cerebrospinal fluid penetration at therapeutic levels was confirmed in CA1 despite hemodialysis. Both patients entered remission by 2 months. Sequencing confirmed absence of genetic aberrations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I/II and antigen-presentation/processing genes, indicating retention of the ability to present EBV-antigens. Between Weeks 10 and 13, they received third-party EBV-specific T cells for consolidation with no adverse effects. They remain in remission ≥34 months since therapy began. The strength of these findings led to an ongoing phase I study (ACTRN12618001541291).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soi C Law
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thanh Hoang
- Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Kacey O'Rourke
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua W D Tobin
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jay Gunawardana
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dorothy Loo-Oey
- Proteomics Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Karolina Bednarska
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lilia Merida de Long
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Muhammed B Sabdia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Greg Hapgood
- Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily Blyth
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leighton Clancy
- Cellular Therapies, NSW Government Health Pathology, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Stefanie Hennig
- Certara Inc., Princeton, New Jersey.,School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Colm Keane
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Maher K Gandhi
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Haematology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Gunawardana J, Lee JN, Bednarska K, Murigneux V, Long LM, Sabdia MB, Birch S, Tobin JWD, Gandhi MK. Genetic aberrations of
NLRC5
are associated with downregulated MHC‐I antigen presentation and impaired T‐cell immunity in follicular lymphoma. eJHaem 2020; 1:517-526. [PMID: 35845006 PMCID: PMC9176136 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gunawardana
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Justina N. Lee
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Karolina Bednarska
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Valentine Murigneux
- Diamantina Institute University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- QFAB Bioinformatics Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Lilia Merida Long
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Muhammed B. Sabdia
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Simone Birch
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Joshua W. D. Tobin
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Maher K. Gandhi
- Mater Research University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia
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7
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Cui Q, Vari F, Cristino AS, Salomon C, Rice GE, Sabdia MB, Guanzon D, Palma C, Mathew M, Talaulikar D, Jain S, Han E, Hertzberg MS, Gould C, Crooks P, Thillaiyampalam G, Keane C, Gandhi MK. Circulating cell-free miR-494 and miR-21 are disease response biomarkers associated with interim-positron emission tomography response in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34644-34657. [PMID: 30410665 PMCID: PMC6205167 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)s are dysregulated in Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), where they reflect the malignant B-cells and the immune infiltrate within the tumor microenvironment. There remains a paucity of data in DLBCL regarding cell-free (c-f) miRNA as disease response biomarkers. Immunosuppressive monocyte/macrophages, which are enriched in DLBCL, are disease response markers in DLBCL, with miRNA key regulators of their immunosuppressive function. Our aim was to determine whether plasma miRNA that reflect the activity of the malignant B-cell and/or immunosuppressive monocytes/macrophages, have value as minimally-invasive disease response biomarkers in DLBCL. Quantification of 99 DLBCL tissues, to select miRNA implicated in immunosuppressive monocytes/macrophage biology, found miR-494 differentially elevated. In a discovery cohort (22 patients), pre-therapy c-f miR-494 and miR-21 but not miR-155 were raised relative to healthy plasma. Both miR-494 and miR-21 levels 3-6 months reduced post immuno-chemotherapy. The validation cohort (56 patients) was from a prospective clinical trial. Interestingly, in sequential samples both miRNAs decreased in patients becoming Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography (PET/CT)-ve, but not in those remaining interim-PET/CT+. Patient monocytes were phenotypically and functionally immunosuppressive with ex-vivo monocyte depletion enhancing T-cell proliferation in patient but not healthy samples. Pre-therapy monocytes showed an immunosuppressive transcriptome and raised levels of miR-494. MiR-494 was present in all c-f nanoparticle fractions but was most readily detectable in unfractionated plasma. Circulating c-f miR-494 and miR-21 are disease response biomarkers with differential response stratified by interim-PET/CT in patients with DLBCL. Further studies are required to explore their manipulation as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Cui
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frank Vari
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Carlos Salomon
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gregory E Rice
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Muhammed B Sabdia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dominic Guanzon
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carlos Palma
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marina Mathew
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dipti Talaulikar
- Canberra Hospital, Garran, ACT, Australia.,Australia National University Medical School, Garran, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Erica Han
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Clare Gould
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pauline Crooks
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Colm Keane
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maher K Gandhi
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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