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Abdalla AE, Altahir AM, Hasabo EA, Alrawa SS, Elazrag AM, Ahmed HA, Ali HA, Abdelrazig IM, Ahmed MY, Alagib MA, Siddig MM, Asmally RS, Mohamedelrasheed SM, Elnaiem WA, Malik EM. Prevalence and determinants of goitre among children of South Kordofan state, Sudan, 2021: an urgent need for effective implementation of universal salt iodisation. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e18. [PMID: 38095122 PMCID: PMC10830365 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of goitre among children aged 6-12 years at South Kordofan state. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional facility-based study. SETTING The study was conducted in twenty villages of South Kordofan state during a medical mission. PARTICIPANTS All 575 school-age children (6-12 years) who attended the medical day were examined for clinical assessment of goitre. RESULTS The prevalence of goitre among children of South Kordofan was 42·8 % (grade 1: 15·7 %, grade 2: 27·1 %). Only 24·2 % of caregivers reported using iodised salt. Mothers working as farmers (OR: 3·209, CI 95 % 1·437, 7·167; P = 0·004) and children of Darforian tribes (OR: 21·799, CI 95 % 2·566, 185·226; P = 0·005) were found to be significantly associated with higher prevalence of goitre among children. This contrasts with children of African tribes, where they were found to have less goitre prevalence (OR: 0·432, CI 95 % 0·213, 0·875; P = 0·02). Iodised salt utilisation (OR = 0·523, CI 95 % 0·320, 0·854; P = 0·01) was found associated with a lower prevalence of goitre. CONCLUSION Even though National Iodine Deficiency Disorders control programs were initiated in Sudan more than 25 years ago, the prevalence of goitre among children in South Kordofan state was alarming (42·8 %). Efforts to improve access to iodised salt, increase utilisation and raise awareness are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Elfadil Abdalla
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Anfal Mahmoud Altahir
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Elfatih A. Hasabo
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
- CORRIB Research Centre for Advanced Imaging and Core Laboratory, Clinical Science Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Discipline of Cardiology, Saolta Healthcare Group, Health Service Executive, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Salma Salah Alrawa
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amna Mutasim Elazrag
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hayat Abdoallah Ahmed
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hiba Abubakr Ali
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ibrahim Mysara Abdelrazig
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed Yaser Ahmed
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed Alsiddig Alagib
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Musab Mohammed Siddig
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rofida Salah Asmally
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Walaa Abdulgadir Elnaiem
- Khartoum Medical Student’s Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Elfatih Mohammed Malik
- Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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