1
|
Jang JY, Oh MW, Na C, Im YB, Shim S, Moon HJ, Yoo HS. Comparative structural and immunological analysis of outer membrane proteins and dermonecrotic toxin in Bordetella bronchiseptica canine isolate. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2024; 272:110756. [PMID: 38657357 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pathogen causing respiratory infections in mammals. With the improving understanding of companion animals' welfare, addressing the side effects of bordetella vaccine gains importance in dogs. Studies on diverse subunit vaccines are actively pursued in humans to safely and effectively control bordetellosis. Therefore, our objective was to develop a canine bordetella vaccine inspired by human vaccine development. We evaluated the immunogenicity of the two bacterial components: the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and the dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) from a canine isolate of B. bronchiseptica. In-silico analysis identified eight domains of DNT, and Domain 3 was selected as the most promising antigen candidate. Additionally, the OMPs were extracted and examined using SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The distinct immunological characteristic of OMPs and DNT-3 were examined individually and in combination. Gene expression and cytokine production were also evaluated in DH82 cells after stimulation with those antigens. Treatment with OMPs resulted in higher level of Th1 related cytokines, while DNT-3 induced a predominant response associated with Th17 and Th2 in the cytokine production. Synergistic effects were observed exclusively on IL-23, indicating increase of a potential risk of side effects when OMPs and DNT act together. These findings provide valuable insights into the reactogenicity of conventional Bordetella vaccines. Further, the presented preclinical data in this study offer an alternative method of the development for an optimal next-generation Bordetella vaccine for companion animals and humans, replacing the acellular vaccines containing both toxin and protein components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Jang
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Green Cross Veterinary Products Co., Ltd, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chaeyeong Na
- Deartment of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Young Bin Im
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Shim
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Joon Moon
- Department of Animal health and welfare, Semyung University, Jecheon, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oh MW, Lin J, Chong SY, Lew SQ, Alam T, Lau GW. Time-resolved RNA-seq analysis to unravel the in vivo competence induction by Streptococcus pneumoniae during pneumonia-derived sepsis. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0305023. [PMID: 38305162 PMCID: PMC10913500 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03050-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Competence development in Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is tightly intertwined with virulence. In addition to genes encoding genetic transformation machinery, the competence regulon also regulates the expression of allolytic factors, bacteriocins, and cytotoxins. Pneumococcal competence system has been extensively interrogated in vitro where the short transient competent state upregulates the expression of three distinct phases of "early," "late," and "delayed" genes. Recently, we have demonstrated that the pneumococcal competent state develops naturally in mouse models of pneumonia-derived sepsis. To unravel the underlying adaptive mechanisms driving the development of the competent state, we conducted a time-resolved transcriptomic analysis guided by the spatiotemporal live in vivo imaging system of competence induction during pneumonia-derived sepsis. Mouse lungs infected by the serotype 2 strain D39 expressing a competent state-specific reporter gene (D39-ssbB-luc) were subjected to RNA sequencing guided by monitoring the competence development at 0, 12, 24, and, at the moribund state, >40 hours post-infection (hpi). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the competence-specific gene expression patterns in vivo were distinct from those under in vitro conditions. There was significant upregulation of early, late, and some delayed phase competence-specific genes as early as 12 hpi, suggesting that the pneumococcal competence regulon is important for adaptation to the lung environment. Additionally, members of the histidine triad (pht) gene family were sharply upregulated at 12 hpi followed by a steep decline throughout the rest of the infection cycle, suggesting that Pht proteins participate in the early adaptation to the lung environment. Further analysis revealed that Pht proteins execute a metal ion-dependent regulatory role in competence induction.IMPORTANCEThe induction of pneumococcal competence for genetic transformation has been extensively studied in vitro but poorly understood during lung infection. We utilized a combination of live imaging and RNA sequencing to monitor the development of a competent state during acute pneumonia. Upregulation of competence-specific genes was observed as early as 12 hour post-infection, suggesting that the pneumococcal competence regulon plays an important role in adapting pneumococcus to the stressful lung environment. Among others, we report novel finding that the pneumococcal histidine triad (pht) family of genes participates in the adaptation to the lung environment and regulates pneumococcal competence induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jingjun Lin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sook Yin Chong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Shi Qian Lew
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Tauqeer Alam
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
King N, Dhumal D, Lew SQ, Kuo SH, Galanakou C, Oh MW, Chong SY, Zhang N, Lee LTO, Hayouka Z, Peng L, Lau GW. Amphiphilic Dendrimer as Potent Antibacterial against Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Mouse Models of Human Infectious Diseases. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:453-466. [PMID: 38241613 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Modern medicine continues to struggle against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. Among the pathogens of critical concerns are the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These pathogens are major causes of nosocomial infections among immunocompromised individuals, involving major organs such as lung, skin, spleen, kidney, liver, and bloodstream. Therefore, novel approaches are direly needed. Recently, we developed an amphiphilic dendrimer DDC18-8A exhibiting high antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy in vitro. DDC18-8A is composed of a long hydrophobic alkyl chain and a small hydrophilic poly(amidoamine) dendron bearing amine terminals, exerting its antibacterial activity by attaching and inserting itself into bacterial membranes to trigger cell lysis. Here, we examined the pharmacokinetics and in vivo toxicity as well as the antibacterial efficacy of DDC18-8A in mouse models of human infectious diseases. Remarkably, DDC18-8A significantly reduced the bacterial burden in mouse models of acute pneumonia and bacteremia by P. aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and neutropenic soft tissue infection by P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Most importantly, DDC18-8A outperformed pathogen-specific antibiotics against all three pathogens by achieving a similar bacterial clearance at 10-fold lower therapeutic concentrations. In addition, it showed superior stability and biodistribution in vivo, with excellent safety profiles yet without any observable abnormalities in histopathological analysis of major organs, blood serum biochemistry, and hematology. Collectively, we provide strong evidence that DDC18-8A is a promising alternative to the currently prescribed antibiotics in addressing challenges associated with nosocomial infections by MDR pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah King
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Dinesh Dhumal
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Shi Qian Lew
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Christina Galanakou
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Sook Yin Chong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Nian Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ling Peng
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lau JZ, Kuo SH, Belo Y, Malach E, Maron B, Caraway HE, Oh MW, Zhang Y, Ismail N, Lau GW, Hayouka Z. Antibacterial efficacy of an ultra-short palmitoylated random peptide mixture in mouse models of infection by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0057423. [PMID: 37819119 PMCID: PMC10648864 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00574-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has imposed a selective pressure for the rapid rise in bacterial resistance, creating an urgent need for novel therapeutics for managing bacterial infectious diseases while counteracting bacterial resistance. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains have become a major challenge in modern medicine due to their ability to cause an array of severe infections. Recently, we have shown that the 20-mer random peptide mixtures are effective therapeutics against three ESKAPEE pathogens. Here, we evaluated the toxicity, biodistribution, bioavailability, and efficacy of the ultra-short palmitoylated 5-mer phenylalanine:lysine (FK5P) random peptide mixtures against multiple clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca. We demonstrate the FK5P rapidly and effectively killed various strains of K. pneumoniae, inhibited the formation of biofilms, and disrupted mature biofilms. FK5P displayed strong toxicity profiles both in vitro and in mice, with prolonged favorable biodistribution and a long half-life. Significantly, FK5P reduced the bacterial burden in mouse models of acute pneumonia and bacteremia and increased the survival rate in a mouse model of bacteremia. Our results demonstrate that FK5P is a safe and promising therapy against Klebsiella species as well as other ESKAPEE pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Z. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yael Belo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bar Maron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hannah E. Caraway
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yehuda A, Malach E, Vanunu Ofri S, Slamti L, Kuo SH, Lau JZ, Oh MW, Adeoye J, Shlezinger N, Lereclus D, Lau GW, Hayouka Z. The quorum-sensing peptidic inhibitor rescues host immune system eradication: A novel infectivity mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301045120. [PMID: 37607229 PMCID: PMC10469338 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301045120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Subverting the host immune system is a major task for any given pathogen to assure its survival and proliferation. For the opportunistic human pathogen Bacillus cereus (Bc), immune evasion enables the establishment of potent infections. In various species of the Bc group, the pleiotropic regulator PlcR and its cognate cell-cell signaling peptide PapR7 regulate virulence gene expression in response to fluctuations in population density, i.e., a quorum-sensing (QS) system. However, how QS exerts its effects during infections and whether PlcR confers the immune evading ability remain unclear. Herein, we report how interception of the QS communication in Bc obliterates the ability to affect the host immune system. Here, we designed a peptide-based QS inhibitor that suppresses PlcR-dependent virulence factor expression and attenuates Bc infectivity in mouse models. We demonstrate that the QS peptidic inhibitor blocks host immune system-mediated eradication by reducing the expression of PlcR-regulated major toxins similarly to the profile that was observed for isogenic strains. Our findings provide evidence that Bc infectivity is regulated by QS circuit-mediated destruction of host immunity, thus reveal a interesting strategy to limit Bc virulence and enhance host defense. This peptidic quorum-quenching agent constitutes a readily accessible chemical tool for studying how other pathogen QS systems modulate host immunity and forms a basis for development of anti-infective therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avishag Yehuda
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Shahar Vanunu Ofri
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Leyla Slamti
- Unité Micalis, Domaine de La Minière, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78280Guyancourt, France
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61802
| | - Jonathan Z. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61802
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61802
| | - John Adeoye
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Neta Shlezinger
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Didier Lereclus
- Unité Micalis, Domaine de La Minière, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78280Guyancourt, France
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61802
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oh MW, Lella M, Kuo SH, Tal-Gan Y, Lau GW. Pharmacological Evaluation of Synthetic Dominant-Negative Peptides Derived from the Competence-Stimulating Peptide of Streptococcus pneumoniae. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:299-305. [PMID: 35592433 PMCID: PMC9112410 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The competence regulon of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a quorum-sensing circuitry that regulates the ability of this pathogen to acquire antibiotic resistance or perform serotype switching, leading to vaccine-escape serotypes, via horizontal gene transfer, as well as initiate virulence. Induction of the competence regulon is centered on binding of the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) to its cognate receptor, ComD. We have recently synthesized multiple dominant-negative peptide analogs capable of inhibiting competence induction and virulence in S. pneumoniae. However, the pharmacodynamics and safety profiles of these peptide drug leads have not been characterized. Therefore, in this study, we compared the biostability of cyanine-7.5-labeled wild-type CSPs versus dominant-negative peptide analogs (dnCSPs) spatiotemporally by using an IVIS Spectrum in vivo imaging system. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo toxicity were evaluated. We conclude that our best peptide analog, CSP1-E1A-cyc(Dap6E10), is an attractive therapeutic agent against pneumococcal infection with superior safety and pharmacokinetics profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Muralikrishna Lella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lella M, Oh MW, Kuo SH, Lau GW, Tal-Gan Y. Attenuating the Streptococcus pneumoniae Competence Regulon Using Urea-Bridged Cyclic Dominant-Negative Competence-Stimulating Peptide Analogs. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6826-6839. [PMID: 35452241 PMCID: PMC9106926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a prevalent human pathogen that utilizes the competence regulon quorum sensing circuitry to acquire antibiotic resistance and initiate its attack on the human host. Therefore, targeting the competence regulon can be applied as an anti-infective approach with minimal pressure for resistance development. Herein, we report the construction of a library of urea-bridged cyclic dominant-negative competence-stimulating peptide (dnCSP) derivatives and their evaluation as competitive inhibitors of the competence regulon. Our results reveal the first pneumococcus dual-action CSPs that inhibit the group 1 pneumococcus competence regulon while activating the group 2 pneumococcus competence regulon. Structural analysis indicates that the urea-bridge cyclization stabilizes the bioactive α-helix conformation, while in vivo studies using a mouse model of infection exhibit that the lead dual-action dnCSP, CSP1-E1A-cyc(Dab6Dab10), attenuates group 1-mediated mortality without significantly reducing the bacterial burden. Overall, our results pave the way for developing novel therapeutics against this notorious pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muralikrishna Lella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Caraway HE, Lau JZ, Maron B, Oh MW, Belo Y, Brill A, Malach E, Ismail N, Hayouka Z, Lau GW. Antimicrobial Random Peptide Mixtures Eradicate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms and Inhibit Mouse Models of Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030413. [PMID: 35326876 PMCID: PMC8944503 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest crises in human medicine. Increased incidents of antibiotic resistance are linked to clinical overuse and overreliance on antibiotics. Among the ESKAPE pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii, especially carbapenem-resistant isolates, has emerged as a significant threat in the context of blood, urinary tract, lung, and wound infections. Therefore, new approaches that limit the emergence of antibiotic resistant A. baumannii are urgently needed. Recently, we have shown that random peptide mixtures (RPMs) are an attractive alternative class of drugs to antibiotics with strong safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. RPMs are antimicrobial peptide mixtures produced by incorporating two amino acids at each coupling step, rendering them extremely diverse but still defined in their overall composition, chain length, and stereochemistry. The extreme diversity of RPMs may prevent bacteria from evolving resistance rapidly. Here, we demonstrated that RPMs rapidly and efficiently kill different strains of A. baumannii, inhibit biofilm formation, and disrupt mature biofilms. Importantly, RPMs attenuated bacterial burden in mouse models of acute pneumonia and soft tissue infection and significantly reduced mouse mortality during sepsis. Collectively, our results demonstrate RPMs have the potential to be used as powerful therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Caraway
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Jonathan Z. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Bar Maron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Yael Belo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Aya Brill
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (G.W.L.)
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (G.W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bennett RC, Oh MW, Kuo SH, Belo Y, Maron B, Malach E, Lin J, Hayouka Z, Lau GW. Random Peptide Mixtures as Safe and Effective Antimicrobials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA in Mouse Models of Bacteremia and Pneumonia. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:672-680. [PMID: 33650856 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a daunting challenge in modern medicine, and novel approaches that minimize the emergence of resistant pathogens are desperately needed. Antimicrobial peptides are newer therapeutics that attempt to do this; however, they fall short because of low to moderate antimicrobial activity, low protease stability, susceptibility to resistance development, and high cost of production. The recently developed random peptide mixtures (RPMs) are promising alternatives. RPMs are synthesized by incorporating a defined proportion of two amino acids at each coupling step rather than just one, making them highly variable but still defined in their overall composition, chain length, and stereochemistry. Because RPMs have extreme diversity, it is unlikely that bacteria would be capable of rapidly evolving resistance. However, their efficacy against pathogens in animal models of human infectious diseases remained uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrated that RPMs have strong safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. RPMs rapidly killed both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus efficiently and disrupted preformed biofilms by both pathogens. Importantly, RPMs were efficacious against both pathogens in mouse models of bacteremia and acute pneumonia. Our results demonstrate that RPMs are potent broad-spectrum therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Bennett
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Yael Belo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Bar Maron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jingjun Lin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim S, Park HT, Soh SH, Oh MW, Shim S, Yoo HS. Evaluation of the immunobiological effects of a regenerative far-infrared heating system in pigs. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e61. [PMID: 31775188 PMCID: PMC6883191 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal conditions are an important environmental factor in maintaining healthy pigs because they affect feed intake, growth efficiency, reproduction and immune responses in pigs. RAVI, a regenerative far-infrared heating system, can effect pig production by emitting an optimal far-infrared wavelength. Far-infrared radiation has been reported to increase microvascular dilation and vascular flow volume. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunobiological differences between pigs raised with the RAVI system and the gasoline heater system. Twenty-six-week-old weaned pigs were raised in two rooms that were equipped with a RAVI system or a gasoline heater for 8 weeks. A porcine atrophic rhinitis vaccine was administered after two weeks and transcriptome analysis in whole blood were analyzed at 2-week intervals. Signaling pathway analyses of the RAVI group at 8 weeks showed the activation of pathways related to nitric oxide (NO) production. This suggests that the application of RAVI might induce the production of NO and iNOS, which are important for increasing the immune activity. Similar to the result of microarray, phenotypic changes were also observed at a later period of the experiment. The increase in body weight in the RAVI group was significantly higher than the gasoline heater group at 8 weeks. The antibody titer against the vaccine in the RAVI group was also higher than that the gasoline heater group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. This evaluation of the use of a far-infrared heating system with pigs will be helpful for applications in the pig farm industry and pig welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suji Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hong Tae Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Soh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soojin Shim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BK21 PLUS and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim S, Oh MW, Bin Park W, Yoo HS. Global Gene Networks in 3D4/31 Porcine Alveolar Macrophages Treated with Antigenic Epitopes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIA, IIA, and IVA. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5269. [PMID: 30918280 PMCID: PMC6437162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Although App produces several virulence factors, Apx toxins, the primary App virulence factors, have been the focus of numerous studies. However, the host response against the Apx toxins has not been elucidated at the transcriptomic level. Therefore, in this study, we examined the response of an immortalized porcine alveolar macrophage cell line (IPAM 3D4/31) to four antigenic epitopes of the App exotoxins, ApxIA, IIA and IVA. The antigenic epitopes of the Apx toxins (ApxIA Ct, ApxIIA Nt, ApxIVA C1 and ApxIV C2) were determined by an in-silico antigenicity prediction analysis. Gene expression in IPAMs was analyzed by RNA-Seq after treatment with the four proteins for 24 h. A total of 15,269 DEGs were observed to be associated with cellular and metabolic processes in the GO category Biological Process and nuclear receptors and apoptosis signaling in IPA analyses. These DEGs were also related to M2 macrophage polarization and apoptosis in IPAMs. These host transcriptional analyses present novel global gene networks of the host response to treatment with Apx toxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suji Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Bin Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jung M, Won H, Shin MK, Oh MW, Shim S, Yoon I, Yoo HS. Development of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxI, ApxII, and ApxIII-specific ELISA methods for evaluation of vaccine efficiency. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e2. [PMID: 30944525 PMCID: PMC6441810 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among various vaccines against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, subunit vaccines using recombinant proteins of ApxI, ApxII, and ApxIII as vaccine antigens have shown good efficacy in terms of safety and protection. Therefore, subunit vaccines are being applied worldwide and the development of new subunit vaccines is actively being conducted. To evaluate the efficacy of the subunit vaccines, it is important to measure immune responses to each Apx toxin separately. However, the cross-reactivity of antibodies makes it difficult to measure specific immune reactivity to each toxin. In the present study, specific antigen regions among the toxins were identified and cloned to solve this problem. The antigenicity of each recombinant protein was demonstrated by Western blot. Using the recombinant proteins, we developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods that can detect specific immune responses to each Apx toxin in laboratory guinea pigs. We suggest that the ELISA method developed in this study can be an important tool in the evaluation of vaccine efficiency and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hokeun Won
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34055, Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soojin Shim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Injoong Yoon
- Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34055, Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lim Y, Kim SH, Kim KA, Oh MW, Lee KH. Involvement of protein kinase C, phospholipase C, and protein tyrosine kinase pathways in oxygen radical generation by asbestos-stimulated alveolar macrophage. Environ Health Perspect 1997; 105 Suppl 5:1325-1327. [PMID: 9400746 PMCID: PMC1470133 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.97105s51325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although asbestos stimulates oxygen radical generation in alveolar macrophages, the exact mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of three asbestos fibers (amosite, chrysotile, and crocidolite) to generate oxygen radicals in macrophages and examine the mechanism of this action. All asbestos fibers were able to induce chemiluminescence but chrysotile induced maximal chemiluminescence at higher concentrations than amosite and crocidolite. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (sphingosine and staurosporine) suppressed the ability of asbestos to induce oxygen radical generation. Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors (U73122 and neomycin) and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors (erbstatin and genistein) decreased oxygen radical generation of asbestos-stimulated alveolar macrophages. Oxygen radical generation was not suppressed by an adenylate cyclase activator (forskolin), a protein kinase A inhibitor (H-8), and a protein serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitor (okadaic acid). PLC and PTK inhibitors suppressed the increment of phosphoinositide turnover by amosite. These results suggest that asbestos fibers induce the generation of oxygen radicals through PTK, PLC, and PKC pathways in a dose-response pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Department of Industrial Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Silica is a well-known occupational fibrogenic agent and its primary target cell is alveolar macrophage. Particle-stimulated macrophages are believed to release various mediator which can regulate the inflammation as well as pulmonary fibrosis. Even though oxygen radicals play the major role among these mediators, the mechanisms concerning the stimulation of alveolar macrophages are not clear yet. The present study was carried out to investigate the signal transduction pathway on oxygen radical generation in silica-stimulated alveolar macrophages. Silica induced oxygen radical generation in a dose-response pattern. Extracellular calcium depletion, calcium channel blockers, and calcium release blocker decreased the effect of silica on oxygen radical generation. Silica increased intracellular calcium through the influx of calcium through the calcium channel and the calcium release from the intracellular calcium store. To know the role of protein kinase C (PKC), phospholipase C (PLC), and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in silica-induced oxygen radical generation, we pretreated alveolar macrophages with inhibitors of these enzymes. Inhibitors of PKC (sphingosine and staurosporine), PLC (neomycin and U-73122), and PTK (genistein and erbstatin) suppressed the silica-induced oxygen radical generation. Silica increased the PLC activity at the concentration of 5 mg/ml. The inhibitors of PTK and PLC suppressed the action of silica on the PLC activity. From these results, we suggest that silica induces oxygen radical generation through PTK, PLC, and PKC in alveolar macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lim
- Department of Industrial Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|