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Mueller S, Guyer G, Volken W, Frei D, Torelli N, Aebersold DM, Manser P, Fix MK. Efficiency enhancements of a Monte Carlo beamlet based treatment planning process: implementation and parameter study. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68. [PMID: 36655485 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acb480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective.The computational effort to perform beamlet calculation, plan optimization and final dose calculation of a treatment planning process (TPP) generating intensity modulated treatment plans is enormous, especially if Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are used for dose calculation. The goal of this work is to improve the computational efficiency of a fully MC based TPP for static and dynamic photon, electron and mixed photon-electron treatment techniques by implementing multiple methods and studying the influence of their parameters.Approach.A framework is implemented calculating MC beamlets efficiently in parallel on each available CPU core. The user can specify the desired statistical uncertainty of the beamlets, a fractional sparse dose threshold to save beamlets in a sparse format and minimal distances to the PTV surface from which 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 (medium) or even 4 × 4 × 4 = 64 (large) voxels are merged. The compromise between final plan quality and computational efficiency of beamlet calculation and optimization is studied for several parameter values to find a reasonable trade-off. For this purpose, four clinical and one academic case are considered with different treatment techniques.Main results.Setting the statistical uncertainty to 5% (photon beamlets) and 15% (electron beamlets), the fractional sparse dose threshold relative to the maximal beamlet dose to 0.1% and minimal distances for medium and large voxels to the PTV to 1 cm and 2 cm, respectively, does not lead to substantial degradation in final plan quality compared to using 2.5% (photon beamlets) and 5% (electron beamlets) statistical uncertainty and no sparse format nor voxel merging. Only OAR sparing is slightly degraded. Furthermore, computation times are reduced by about 58% (photon beamlets), 88% (electron beamlets) and 96% (optimization).Significance.Several methods are implemented improving computational efficiency of beamlet calculation and plan optimization of a fully MC based TPP without substantial degradation in final plan quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mueller
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Guyer
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - W Volken
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Frei
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Torelli
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - D M Aebersold
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Manser
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - M K Fix
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
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Unkelbach J, Torelli N, Telarovic I, Vetrugno I, Papp D, Pruschy M. SP-1014 Spatiotemporal fractionation. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)04111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Torelli N, Unkelbach J. PD-0786 Spatiotemporal fractionation schemes for the treatment of multiple brain metastases. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fabiano S, Torelli N, Papp D, Unkelbach J. OC-0420 A novel stochastic optimization method for handling uncertainty in combined proton-photon treatments. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Torelli
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science and Technology, University of Ljubljana, p.p. 95, Rozna dolina, Cesta VIII/34, 1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - W. C. Shortle
- North‐eastern Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, PO Box 640, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA (for correspondence)
| | - K. Cufar
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science and Technology, University of Ljubljana, p.p. 95, Rozna dolina, Cesta VIII/34, 1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - F. Ferlin
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vecna Pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - K. T. Smith
- North‐eastern Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, PO Box 640, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA (for correspondence)
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Dal Maso L, Gava M, Pezzotti P, Torelli N, Franceschi S, Rezza G. Markov models for HIV disease progression: an unverified assumption. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 25:466-8. [PMID: 11141249 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-200012150-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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