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Barbero N, Abbiati G, Enrico E, Amato G, Vittone E, Ott HR, Mesot J, Shiroka T. Design optimization through thermomechanical finite-element analysis of a hybrid piston-clamped anvil cell for nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:013901. [PMID: 30709234 DOI: 10.1063/1.5059391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of materials under extreme pressure conditions requires high-performance cells whose design invariably involves trade-offs between the maximum achievable pressure, the allowed sample volume, and the possibility of real-time pressure monitoring. With a newly conceived hybrid piston-clamped anvil cell, we offer a relatively simple and versatile system, suitable for nuclear magnetic resonance experiments up to 4.4 GPa. Finite-element models, taking into account mechanical and thermal conditions, were used to optimize and validate the design prior to the realization of the device. Cell body and gaskets were made of beryllium-copper alloy and the pistons and pusher were made of tungsten carbide, while the anvils consist of zirconium dioxide. The low-temperature pressure cell performance was tested by monitoring in situ the pressure-dependent 63Cu nuclear-quadrupole-resonance signal of Cu2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barbero
- Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Abbiati
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Enrico
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRIM, Strada delle Cacce 91, Turin, Italy
| | - G Amato
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRIM, Strada delle Cacce 91, Turin, Italy
| | - E Vittone
- Physics Department and NIS Interdepartmental Center, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - H-R Ott
- Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Mesot
- Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Shiroka
- Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Livraghi S, Barbero N, Agnoli S, Barolo C, Granozzi G, Sauvage F, Giamello E. A multi-technique comparison of the electronic properties of pristine and nitrogen-doped polycrystalline SnO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:22617-27. [PMID: 27477515 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02822e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen doped tin(iv) oxide (SnO2) materials in the form of nanometric powders have been prepared by precipitation with ammonia. Their properties have been compared with those of undoped materials obtained in a similar way using various physical techniques such as photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS and UPS), UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Nitrogen doping leads to the formation of various nitrogen containing species, the more relevant of which is a nitride-type ionic species, based on the substitution of a lattice oxygen atom with a nitrogen atom. This species exists in two forms, paramagnetic (hole centre, formally N(2-)) and diamagnetic (N(3-)). The mutual ratio of the two species varies according to the oxidation state of the material. The doped solid, like most of the semiconducting oxides, tends to lose oxygen forming oxygen vacancies upon annealing under vacuum and leaving an excess of electrons in the solid. The stoichiometry of the solid can thus be markedly changed depending on the external conditions. Excess electrons are present both as itinerant electrons in the conduction band and as Sn(ii) states lying close to the valence band maximum. The presence of nitride-type centres, which are low energy states located below the top of the valence band, decreases the energy cost for the formation of oxygen vacancies by O2 release from the lattice. This particular feature of the doped system represents a severe limit to the preparation of a p-type SnO2via nitrogen doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Livraghi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Via P. Giuria 7, I - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - N Barbero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Via P. Giuria 7, I - 10125 Torino, Italy and Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CNRS UMR 7314, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - S Agnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - C Barolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Via P. Giuria 7, I - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Granozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Sauvage
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CNRS UMR 7314, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - E Giamello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Centre for Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Via P. Giuria 7, I - 10125 Torino, Italy
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Mercadal S, Vidal N, López-Parra M, Ibañez M, Caldú R, Bobillo S, Barceló I, García E, Martinez P, Cacabelos P, Dlouhy I, Sancho J, Muntañola A, Gómez L, Erro E, Gállego J, Salar A, Caballero A, Solé M, Huertas N, Estela J, Baron M, Barbero N, González-Barca E, Graus F, Velasco R. Initial management of primary central nervous system lymphoma in Spain in the last decade. The experience of the GELTAMO and Spanish neuro-oncology groups. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2439_107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mercadal
- Hematology; Catalan Institute of Oncology. Hospital Duran i Reynals., L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Barcelona Spain
| | - N. Vidal
- Pathology; Hospital de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Barcelona Spain
| | - M. López-Parra
- Hematology; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - M. Ibañez
- Neurology; Hospital Universitario i Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - R. Caldú
- Neurology; Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet; Zaragoza Spain
| | - S. Bobillo
- Hematology; Hospital Vall d'Hebrón; Barcelona Spain
| | - I. Barceló
- Neurology; Hospital Universitario Son Espases; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - E. García
- Neurology; Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
| | - P. Martinez
- Hematology; Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre; Madrid Spain
| | - P. Cacabelos
- Neurology; Complejo hospitalario Santiago Compostela; Santiago Compostela Spain
| | - I. Dlouhy
- Hematology; Hospital Clínic; Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Sancho
- Hematology; ICO. Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Badalona Spain
| | - A. Muntañola
- Hematology; Hospital Mutua de Terrassa; Terrassa Spain
| | - L. Gómez
- Neurology; Hospital Quirón; Madrid Spain
| | - E. Erro
- Neurology; Hospital de Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - J. Gállego
- Neurology; Clínica Universitaria de Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - A. Salar
- Hematology; Hospital del Mar; Barcelona Spain
| | - A. Caballero
- Hematology; Hospital de Sant Pau; Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Solé
- Hematology; Hospital Virgen del Rocío; Sevilla Spain
| | - N. Huertas
- Neurology; Hospiatl Severo Ochoa; Leganés Spain
| | - J. Estela
- Neurology; Hospital Parc Taulí; Sabadell Spain
| | - M. Baron
- Neurology; Hospital Fundación Alcorcón; Alcorcón Spain
| | - N. Barbero
- Neurology; Hospital Rey Juan Carlos; Móstoles Spain
| | - E. González-Barca
- Hematology; Catalan Institute of Oncology. Hospital Duran i Reynals., L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Barcelona Spain
| | - F. Graus
- Hematology; Hospital Clínic; Barcelona Spain
| | - R. Velasco
- Neurology; Hospital de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat; Barcelona Spain
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Barbero N, Cauteruccio S, Thakare P, Licandro E, Viscardi G, Visentin S. Is it possible to study the kinetic parameters of interaction between PNA and parallel and antiparallel DNA by stopped-flow fluorescence? J Photochem Photobiol B 2016; 163:296-302. [PMID: 27611452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are among the most interesting and versatile artificial structural mimics of nucleic acids and exhibit peculiar and important properties (i.e. high chemical stability, and a high resistance to cellular enzymes and nucleases). Despite their unnatural structure, they are able to recognize and bind DNA and RNA in a very high, specific and selective manner. One of the most popular, easy and reliable method to measure the stability of PNA-DNA hybrid systems is the melting temperature but the thermodynamic data are obtained using a big quantity of materials failing to provide information on the kinetics of the interaction. In the present work, the PNA decamer 6, with the TCACTAGATG sequence of nucleobases, and the corresponding fluorescent PNA-FITU (fluorescein isothiourea) decamer 8 were synthesized with standard manual Boc-based chemistry. The interaction of the PNA-FITU with parallel and antiparallel DNA has been studied by stopped-flow fluorescence, which is proposed as an alternative technique to obtain the kinetic parameters of the binding. The great advantage of using the stopped-flow technique is the possibility of studying the kinetics of the PNA-DNA duplex formation in a physiological environment. In particular, fluorescence stopped-flow technique has been exploited to compare the affinity of two PNA-DNA duplexes since it can discriminate between parallel and antiparallel DNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barbero
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - S Cauteruccio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - P Thakare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E Licandro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Viscardi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Visentin
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
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Torres MJ, Montañez MI, Ariza A, Salas M, Fernandez TD, Barbero N, Mayorga C, Blanca M. The role of IgE recognition in allergic reactions to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:264-74. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Torres
- Allergy Unit; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - M. I. Montañez
- Research Laboratory; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
- BIONAND-Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology; Malaga Spain
| | - A. Ariza
- Research Laboratory; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - M. Salas
- Allergy Unit; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - T. D. Fernandez
- Research Laboratory; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - N. Barbero
- BIONAND-Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology; Malaga Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry; IBIMA; University of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - C. Mayorga
- Allergy Unit; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
- Research Laboratory; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
| | - M. Blanca
- Allergy Unit; IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Malaga; Malaga Spain
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Ariza A, Mayorga C, Fernandez TD, Barbero N, Martín-Serrano A, Pérez-Sala D, Sánchez-Gómez FJ, Blanca M, Torres MJ, Montanez MI. Hypersensitivity reactions to β-lactams: relevance of hapten-protein conjugates. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2015; 25:12-25. [PMID: 25898690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Lactams (BL) are the drugs most frequently involved in allergic reactions. They are classified according to their chemical structure as penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, and clavams. All BL antibiotics have a BL ring that is fused to a 5-member or 6-member ring (except in monobactams) and has 1, 2 or 3 side chains (except in clavams). Differences in chemical structure mean that a wide range of BLs are recognized by the immune system, and patients may experience clinical reactions to one BL while tolerating others. Diagnosis is based on skin and in vitro testing, although both display low sensitivity, possibly because they are based on drugs or drug conjugates that are not optimally recognized by the immune system. BLs are haptens that need to bind to proteins covalently to elicit an immune response. These drugs have a high capacity to form covalent adducts with proteins through nucleophilic attack of amino groups in proteins on the BL ring. Allergenic determinants have been described for all BLs, although benzylpenicillin is the most widely studied. Moreover, formation of BL-protein adducts is selective, as we recently demonstrated for amoxicillin, which mainly modifies albumin, transferrin, and immunoglobulin heavy and light chains in human serum. Given the complexity of BL allergy, understanding the immunological mechanisms involved and optimization of diagnostic methods require multidisciplinary approaches that take into account the chemical structures of the drugs and the carrier molecules, as well as the patient immune response.
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Park J, Barbero N, Yoon J, Dell'Orto E, Galliano S, Borrelli R, Yum JH, Di Censo D, Grätzel M, Nazeeruddin MK, Barolo C, Viscardi G. Panchromatic symmetrical squaraines: a step forward in the molecular engineering of low cost blue-greenish sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:24173-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04345f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of low cost dibranched symmetrical blue-greenish squaraines showing interesting photovoltaic properties and photostabilities is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Park
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, Italy
| | - N. Barbero
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, Italy
- DYEPOWER
- 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - J. Yoon
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
- R & D Center DSC Team
| | - E. Dell'Orto
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Materials Science and Milano-Bicocca Solar Energy Research Center-MIB-Solar
| | - S. Galliano
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, Italy
- DYEPOWER
- 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R. Borrelli
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie
- Forestali e Alimentari
- Grugliasco, Italy
| | - J.-H. Yum
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D. Di Censo
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. Grätzel
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Md. K. Nazeeruddin
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C. Barolo
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, Italy
| | - G. Viscardi
- Università di Torino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, Italy
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Ugazio G, Burdino E, Crespi M, Barbero N, Garizio M, Arru G, Congiu AM. [Eco-toxicological study conducted with a battery of biological and phytological tests on sediments carried out on a series of 24 tributaries of the Po in 1994 and 1995]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 1997; 19:10-6. [PMID: 9377734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In spring and autumn 1994 and 1995 affluent water and bed sediment were sampled from 24 tributaries of the Po river, always at the same site and at the nearest place to the confluence. In the laboratory the pore water was separated from the particle fraction of the sediment. The organic compounds bound to the latter component were extracted with solvents and brought to water solution by means of dimethyl sulfoxide. The observed animal species, along with the seeds of Lepidium, were exposed to effluent water, to pore water and to water solutions of the organic compounds extracted from bed sediment. Toxicity was evaluated on the basis of 1) direct lethality, 2) the delay of embryo development, 3) the impairment of regeneration, in the animal species, while the germination index was used for the Lepidium susceptibility. The results of these investigations demonstrate that 1) the challenged species cover a broad range of sensitivities toward environmental toxins, 2) toxicity found in river samples appears almost exclusively bound to the sediment, 3) the noxious effects found in the tributaries of the Po river increase moving downstream, and 4) likewise the sediment-bound toxicity varies among the different samplings, both as a consequence of changes in rain-dependent river flow, and because of the man-made interventions on the river sides and bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ugazio
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Oncologia Sperimentale, Sezione di Patologia Ambientale, Università di Torino
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Gevins A, Cutillo B, Desmond J, Ward M, Bressler S, Barbero N, Laxer K. Subdural grid recordings of distributed neocortical networks involved with somatosensory discrimination. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1994; 92:282-90. [PMID: 7517850 DOI: 10.1016/0168-5597(94)90096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that evidence for the sub-second activation of distributed neural networks can be obtained by computing the covariance between segments of the scalp-recorded evoked potential. However, the cortical representation of such potentials is not known. Here we report a case study where the evoked potential covariance (EPC) measure was applied to data recorded from a 58-channel subdural grid implanted in an epilepsy patient. Recordings were made while the patient performed a task that required judging the somatosensory intensities of electrical stimuli and executing precise finger flexion responses in response to a subset of those stimuli. Post-stimulus EPC patterns involved covariances between somatosensory, motor, and temporal regions. Pre-stimulus EPC patterns involved these same regions, but only when it could be anticipated that the upcoming stimulus would likely require a response. The majority of the observed EPCs occurred with non-zero time-lags, and these EPCs often involved non-adjacent electrode pairs. Thus, the observed EPCs were unlikely to arise solely from volume conduction. Rather, they appeared to reflect the transient integration of activity across distinct cortical processing nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gevins
- EEG Systems Laboratory and Sam Technology, San Francisco, CA 94105
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