Abdou M, Hafez MH, Anwar GM, Fahmy WA, Abd Alfattah NM, Salem RI, Arafa N. Effect of high protein and fat diet on postprandial blood glucose levels in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Cairo, Egypt.
Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021;
15:7-12. [PMID:
33276255 DOI:
10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.020]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
To determine the effect of high protein and high fat meals on post prandial glycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.
METHODS
This study included 51 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes who were following up at Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), Abo Elrish Children's hospital, Cairo University. Post prandial blood glucose levels were recorded and compared following three breakfast meals with varying protein and fat content (standard carbohydrate meal, high fat meal, and high protein meal) over a period of 5 hours on 3 consecutive days.
RESULTS
High protein meal resulted in hyperglycemia with the peak level at 3.5 hours and continued for 5 hours post prandial while high fat meal caused early hyperglycemia reached the peak at 2 hours then declined towards 5 hours. Comparison of the three different breakfast meals revealed statistically significant difference regarding the postprandial glycemia at 30, 60, 90,120, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300 min.
CONCLUSION
Meals high in protein caused sustained increase in postprandial glucose levels over a period of 5 h. However, high fat meals caused early postprandial hyperglycemia. Protein and fat content of meals affect the timing and values of the peak blood glucose as well as the duration of postprandial hyperglycemia. Therefore, fat/protein unit should be taken in consideration while calculating the bolus insulin dose and anticipating the postprandial glucose response.
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