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Taher NAB, Kelly LA, Al-Harbi AI, O'Dea MI, Zareen Z, Ryan E, Molloy EJ, Doherty DG. Altered distributions and functions of natural killer T cells and γδ T cells in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy, in school-age children at follow-up, and in children with cerebral palsy. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 356:577597. [PMID: 33964735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We enumerated conventional and innate lymphocyte populations in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy (NE), school-age children post-NE, children with cerebral palsy and age-matched controls. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrate alterations in circulating T, B and natural killer cell numbers. Invariant natural killer T cell and Vδ2+ γδ T cell numbers and frequencies were strikingly higher in neonates with NE, children post-NE and children with cerebral palsy compared to age-matched controls, whereas mucosal-associated invariant T cells and Vδ1 T cells were depleted from children with cerebral palsy. Upon stimulation ex vivo, T cells, natural killer cells and Vδ2 T cells from neonates with NE more readily produced inflammatory cytokines than their counterparts from healthy neonates, suggesting that they were previously primed or activated. Thus, innate and conventional lymphocytes are numerically and functionally altered in neonates with NE and these changes may persist into school-age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal A B Taher
- Discipline of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lynne A Kelly
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alhanouf I Al-Harbi
- Discipline of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary I O'Dea
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Paediatrics, Children's Health Ireland at Tallaght & Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland; Paediatrics, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zunera Zareen
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer Ryan
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Paediatrics, Children's Health Ireland at Tallaght & Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eleanor J Molloy
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Research in Childhood Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Paediatrics, Children's Health Ireland at Tallaght & Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland; Paediatrics, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek G Doherty
- Discipline of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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