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Lomiwes D, Barnes M, Shaw O, Ngametua N, Sawyer G, Burr N, Hedderley D, Kanon A, Bear T, Carroll A, Bentley-Hewitt K, Tian HS, Miller MR. The Efficacy of New Zealand Greenshell™ Mussel Powder Supplementation in Supporting Muscle Recovery Following Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Healthy, Untrained Adult Males. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102316. [PMID: 37242198 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Unaccustomed eccentric exercise results in muscle damage limiting physical performance for several days. This study investigated if Greenshell™ mussel (GSM) powder consumption expedited muscle recovery from eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Methods: Twenty untrained adult men were recruited into a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study and were randomly assigned to receive the GSM powder or placebo treatment first. Participants consumed their allocated intervention for four weeks then completed a bench-stepping exercise that induced muscle damage to the eccentrically exercised leg. Muscle function, soreness and biomarkers of muscle damage, oxidative stress and inflammation were measured before exercise, immediately after exercise and 24, 48 and 72 h post exercise. GSM powder promoted muscle function recovery, significantly improving (p < 0.05) isometric and concentric peak torque at 48 h and 72 h post exercise, respectively. Participants on the GSM treatment had faster dissipation of soreness, with significant treatment × time interactions for affective (p = 0.007) and Visual Analogue Scale-assessed pain (p = 0.018). At 72 h, plasma creatine kinase concentrations in the GSM group were lower (p < 0.05) compared with the placebo group. This study provides evidence for GSM powder being effective in supporting muscle recovery from EIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Lomiwes
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Barnes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Odette Shaw
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Nayer Ngametua
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Greg Sawyer
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Natalie Burr
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Alexander Kanon
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Tracey Bear
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Carroll
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Kerry Bentley-Hewitt
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nutrition and Health Group, Food Innovation, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Hong Sabrina Tian
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
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Hurst RD, Lyall KA, Wells RW, Sawyer GM, Lomiwes D, Ngametua N, Hurst SM. Daily Consumption of an Anthocyanin-Rich Extract Made From New Zealand Blackcurrants for 5 Weeks Supports Exercise Recovery Through the Management of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Study. Front Nutr 2020; 7:16. [PMID: 32175326 PMCID: PMC7056812 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regular exercise is essential to a healthy lifestyle but evokes an oxidative and inflammatory stress. Depending upon its intensity and duration this can result in either beneficial adaptive changes or underlying tissue damage that impacts upon long-term health and individual sporting training schedules. Functional foods containing plant bioactives have potential to support exercise through management of the detrimental aspects of exercise and complement ergonomic adaptive benefits. Aim: Previously we reported that a single consumption of a 3.2 mg/kg New Zealand blackcurrant anthocyanin-rich extract (BAE) 1 h before a 30 min rowing exercise attenuated moderate exercise-mediated oxidative stress and supported innate immunity. Here we evaluate whether the efficacy of a single consumption of BAE 1 h prior to exercise is changed after extended daily BAE consumption for 5 weeks. Results: On week 1, a single consumption of BAE 1 h before a 30 min row mediated a significant (p < 0.05) 46% reduction in post-exercise-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) by 2 h compared to a 30% reduction in the placebo group. Similar efficacy was observed 5 weeks later after daily consumption of BAE. In addition, daily BAE consumption for 5 weeks improved the efficacy to (a) resolve acute inflammation, and (b) increased plasma IL-10, salivary beta-defensin 2 (BD2) and secretory IgA. Although no change in plasma antioxidant capacity was detected, a significant (p < 0.009) positive correlation between plasma IL-10 and plasma antioxidant capacity (R 2 = 0.35) was observed on week 6 after 5 week BAE consumption suggesting IL-10 influences antioxidant properties. Using a differentiated myotubule cell-line revealed that whilst IL-10 had no direct antioxidant neutralizing action, longer-term exposure (24 h) attenuated 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced myotubule oxidative stress, supporting a putative role for IL-10 in the modulation of cellular antioxidant systems. Conclusions: Daily consumption of BAE for 5 weeks serves to enhance the exercise recovery effectiveness of a single consumption of BAE and promotes beneficial/protective antioxidant/anti-inflammatory cellular events that facilitate exercise recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger D. Hurst
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kirsty A. Lyall
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Robyn W. Wells
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Gregory M. Sawyer
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Lomiwes
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nayer Ngametua
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Suzanne M. Hurst
- Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Lomiwes D, Ha B, Ngametua N, Burr NS, Cooney JM, Trower TM, Sawyer G, Hedderley D, Hurst RD, Hurst SM. Timed consumption of a New Zealand blackcurrant juice support positive affective responses during a self-motivated moderate walking exercise in healthy sedentary adults. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2019; 16:33. [PMID: 31375128 PMCID: PMC6679481 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective responses experienced during exercise are a significant determinant on exercise adherence. We have previously demonstrated that consumption of New Zealand (NZ) blackcurrants preserves cognition by attenuating the feeling of fatigue. This positive affective response correlated with the ability of blackcurrant polyphenols to support monoamine neurotransmission via inhibition of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) activity. Here we explore how the consumption of a NZ blackcurrant juice (BJ) influenced affective responses and potential ergogenic action on the motivation to adhere to a low impact walking exercise. METHODS In a parallel randomized controlled study (Trial registration #: ACTRN12617000319370p, registered 28th February 2017, http://www.anzctr.org.au/ ), 40 healthy sedentary male and female participants drank a BJ or matched placebo (PLA) (n = 20 per group), 1 h prior to a self-motivated treadmill walk, where heart rate and affective responses (exertion [ES] or feeling / mood [FS]) scores) were recorded at 3 or 5 min intervals. Blood glucose, lactate, malondialdehyde (MDA) and platelet MAO-B activity were measured pre- and post-exercise and comparisons were conducted using with Student's t-tests. Subjective data were analysed using 2-way ANOVA with appropriate post hoc tests. RESULTS Consuming a BJ 1 h prior to exercise caused a 90% decline in platelet MAO-B activity. The exercise had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on blood lactate, glucose or plasma MDA levels. Assessment of affective responses over the first 60 mins (adjusting for participant drop-out) revealed a time-dependent ES increase in both groups, with ES reported by participants in the BJ group consistently lower than those in the PLA group (p < 0.05). FS declined in PLA and BJ groups over 60 mins, but an inverse relationship with ES was only observed within the PLA group (r2 = 0.99, p = 0.001). Whilst the average time walked by participants in the BJ group was 11 mins longer than the PLA group (p = 0.3), and 30% of the BJ group achieving > 10 km compared to only 10% for the PLA group (p = 0.28), statistical significance was not achieved. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that drinking a polyphenolic-rich NZ blackcurrant juice 1 h prior to exercise supports positive affective responses during a self-motivated exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Lomiwes
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Birgit Ha
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. MARC, Auckland, New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Nayer Ngametua
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Natalie S. Burr
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Janine M. Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton, 3240 New Zealand
| | - Tania M. Trower
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton, 3240 New Zealand
| | - Greg Sawyer
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Roger D. Hurst
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
| | - Suzanne M. Hurst
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd. New Zealand Ltd, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11030 New Zealand
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