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Davé E, Durrant O, Dhami N, Compson J, Broadbridge J, Archer S, Maroof A, Whale K, Menochet K, Bonnaillie P, Barry E, Wild G, Peerboom C, Bhatta P, Ellis M, Hinchliffe M, Humphreys DP, Heywood SP. TRYBE®: an Fc-free antibody format with three monovalent targeting arms engineered for long in vivo half-life. MAbs 2023; 15:2160229. [PMID: 36788124 PMCID: PMC9937000 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2160229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TrYbe® is an Fc-free therapeutic antibody format, capable of engaging up to three targets simultaneously, with long in vivo half-life conferred by albumin binding. This format is shown by small-angle X-ray scattering to be conformationally flexible with favorable 'reach' properties. We demonstrate the format's broad functionality by co-targeting of soluble and cell surface antigens. The benefit of monovalent target binding is illustrated by the lack of formation of large immune complexes when co-targeting multivalent antigens. TrYbes® are manufactured using standard mammalian cell culture and protein A affinity capture processes. TrYbes® have been formulated at high concentrations and have favorable drug-like properties, including stability, solubility, and low viscosity. The unique functionality and inherent developability of the TrYbe® makes it a promising multi-specific antibody fragment format for antibody therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Davé
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | - Neha Dhami
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Whale
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | - Emily Barry
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | - Gavin Wild
- PV Supply and Technology Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | - Claude Peerboom
- PV Supply and Technology Solutions, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium, EU
| | | | - Mark Ellis
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | - Sam P. Heywood
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK,CONTACT Sam P. Heywood Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, 208 Bath Road, Slough, SL1 3XE, Slough, UK
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Dhami N, Pogson BJ, Tissue DT, Cazzonelli CI. A foliar pigment-based bioassay for interrogating chloroplast signalling revealed that carotenoid isomerisation regulates chlorophyll abundance. Plant Methods 2022; 18:18. [PMID: 35177117 PMCID: PMC8851705 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some plastid-derived metabolites can control nuclear gene expression, chloroplast biogenesis, and chlorophyll biosynthesis. For example, norflurazon (NFZ) induced inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis in leaves elicits a protoporphyrin IX (Mg-ProtoIX) retrograde signal that controls chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development. Carotenoid cleavage products, known as apocarotenoids, also regulate plastid development. The key steps in carotenoid biosynthesis or catabolism that can regulate chlorophyll biosynthesis in leaf tissues remain unclear. Here, we established a foliar pigment-based bioassay using Arabidopsis rosette leaves to investigate plastid signalling processes in young expanding leaves comprising rapidly dividing and expanding cells containing active chloroplast biogenesis. RESULTS We demonstrate that environmental treatments (extended darkness and cold exposure) as well as chemical (norflurazon; NFZ) inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis, reduce chlorophyll levels in young, but not older leaves of Arabidopsis. Mutants with disrupted xanthophyll accumulation, apocarotenoid phytohormone biosynthesis (abscisic acid and strigolactone), or enzymatic carotenoid cleavage, did not alter chlorophyll levels in young or old leaves. However, perturbations in acyclic cis-carotene biosynthesis revealed that disruption of CAROTENOID ISOMERASE (CRTISO), but not ZETA-CAROTENE ISOMERASE (Z-ISO) activity, reduced chlorophyll levels in young leaves of Arabidopsis plants. NFZ-induced inhibition of PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS) activity caused higher phytoene accumulation in younger crtiso leaves compared to WT indicating a continued substrate supply from the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. CONCLUSION The Arabidopsis foliar pigment-based bioassay can be used to differentiate signalling events elicited by environmental change, chemical treatment, and/or genetic perturbation, and determine how they control chloroplast biogenesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Genetic perturbations that impaired xanthophyll biosynthesis and/or carotenoid catabolism did not affect chlorophyll biosynthesis. The lack of CAROTENOID ISOMERISATION reduced chlorophyll accumulation, but not phytoene biosynthesis in young leaves of Arabidopsis plants growing under a long photoperiod. Findings generated using the newly customised foliar pigment-based bioassay implicate that carotenoid isomerase activity and NFZ-induced inhibition of PDS activity elicit different signalling pathways to control chlorophyll homeostasis in young leaves of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dhami
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara 30, Kaski, Gandaki, 33700, Nepal
| | - B J Pogson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - D T Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - C I Cazzonelli
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Dhami N, Trivedi DK, Goodacre R, Mainwaring D, Humphreys DP. Mitochondrial aconitase is a key regulator of energy production for growth and protein expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Metabolomics 2018; 14:136. [PMID: 30830403 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mammalian cells like Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are routinely used for production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Cells require a continuous supply of energy and nutrients to sustain high cell densities whilst expressing high titres of recombinant proteins. Cultured mammalian cells are primarily dependent on glucose and glutamine metabolism for energy production. OBJECTIVES The TCA cycle is the main source of energy production and its continuous flow is essential for cell survival. Modulated regulation of TCA cycle can affect ATP production and influence CHO cell productivity. METHODS To determine the key metabolic reactions of the cycle associated with cell growth in CHO cells, we transiently silenced each gene of the TCA cycle using RNAi. RESULTS Silencing of at least four TCA cycle genes was detrimental to CHO cell growth. With an exception of mitochondrial aconitase (or Aco2), all other genes were associated with ATP production reactions of the TCA cycle and their resulting substrates can be supplied by other anaplerotic and cataplerotic reactions. This study is the first of its kind to have established key role of aconitase gene in CHO cells. We further investigated the temporal effects of aconitase silencing on energy production, CHO cell metabolism, oxidative stress and recombinant protein production. CONCLUSION Transient silencing of mitochondrial aconitase inhibited cell growth, reduced ATP production, increased production of reactive oxygen species and reduced cell specific productivity of a recombinant CHO cell line by at least twofold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dhami
- Protein Sciences, UCB, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK.
| | - Drupad K Trivedi
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - David Mainwaring
- Protein Sciences, UCB, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK
- Pall Europe Limited, 5 Harbourgate Business Park, Southampton Road, Portsmouth, Hampshire, PO6 4BQ, UK
| | - David P Humphreys
- Protein Sciences, UCB, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK
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Sutton RT, Wishart E, Dhami N, Sadowski D, Siffledeen J, Sauve M, Hundal R, Ismond K, van Zanten S, Huang V. A140 IBD DASHBOARD: AN INNOVATIVE E-HEALTH PROGRAM FOR PROVIDING EQUAL ACCESS TO QUALITY CARE FOR ALL INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R T Sutton
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - E Wishart
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - N Dhami
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - D Sadowski
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - M Sauve
- River City Centre, Fort Mcmurray, AB, Canada
| | - R Hundal
- Mortimer Medical, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - K Ismond
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - S van Zanten
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - V Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Amin A, Prosser C, Kroeker KI, Wang H, Shalapay C, Dhami N, Fedorak DK, Halloran BP, Dieleman LA, Goodman K, Fedorak R, Huang V. A147 COMBINING INFLIXIMAB TROUGH LEVELS AND FECAL CALPROTECTIN LEVELS WITH CLINICAL DATA HAS THE POTENTIAL TO GUIDE CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING IN IMPROVING OUTCOMES FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE INFLIXIMAB. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy008.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Amin
- (Core) Internal Medicine Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - C Prosser
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - H Wang
- Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - C Shalapay
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - N Dhami
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - D K Fedorak
- Divison of Gastroenterolgy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - B P Halloran
- Medicine, Divison of Gastroenterology, University Of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - L A Dieleman
- Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - K Goodman
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - R Fedorak
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - V Huang
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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