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Creswell L, Rolnik DL, Burke B, Daly S, O'Gorman N. Perinatal and neonatal outcomes of high-risk asymptomatic women from a specialist preterm birth surveillance clinic. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 296:114-119. [PMID: 38428382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the perinatal outcomes of high-risk asymptomatic women who attended a specialist preterm surveillance clinic (PSC) to undergo screening for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) in Ireland. METHODS Single center, retrospective cohort study of asymptomatic high risk women who attended the PSC between January 2019 and December 2022. A comprehensive database of all patients who attended the clinic during the study period was constructed and analyzed. Overall outcomes were reported, and stratified per the occurrence of preterm or term birth. Iatrogenic PTBs were included in the outcome data. RESULTS Following exclusions for loss-to-follow-up, 762 cases were analyzed, constituting 2262 PSC visits. Of those, 183 women were prescribed progesterone (24.0 %), and 100 women underwent cervical cerclage (13.1 %) to prevent spontaneous PTB. Overall, 2.4 %, 6.2 % and 18.6 % of participants gave birth prior to 30 weeks, 34 weeks, and 37 weeks, respectively. The median gestational age at birth for the entire cohort was 38.6 weeks (inter-quartile range (IQR) 37.2-39.6 weeks). Women who delivered < 37 weeks were significantly more likely to be smokers (p = 0.030), have a previous spontaneous PTB (p = 0.016), have multiple pregnancies (p < 0.001), type 1 or 2 diabetes (p = 0.044), or have a previous full dilatation caesarean section birth (p = 0.024). Infants born prior to 37 weeks were more likely to have a lower median birthweight (2270 vs 3300 g, p < 0.001), be admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (53.8 % vs 2.3 %, p < 0.001) or experience short-term morbidity, including respiratory support (38.0 % vs 1.6 %, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Over 80% of women deemed to be at high risk of PTB gave birth at term gestations following attendance at a PSC during pregnancy. Most women can be successfully managed without interventions, instead employing a policy of serial cervical surveillance, to identify those at greatest risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Creswell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Burke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Daly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N O'Gorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Finnegan C, Dicker P, Asandei D, Higgins M, O'Gorman N, O' Riordan M, Dunne F, Gaffney G, Newman C, McAuliffe F, Ciprike V, Fernandez E, Malone FD, Breathnach FM. The IRELAnD study-investigating the role of early low-dose aspirin in diabetes mellitus: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024:101297. [PMID: 38461094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although aspirin therapy is being increasingly advocated with the intention of risk modification for a wide range of pregnancy complications, women with prepregnancy diabetes mellitus are commonly excluded from clinical trials. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of aspirin therapy on a composite measure of adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN A double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial was conducted at 6 university-affiliated perinatology centers. Women with type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus of at least 6 months' duration were randomly allocated to 150-mg daily aspirin or placebo from 11 to 14 weeks' gestation until 36 weeks. Established vascular complications of diabetes mellitus, including chronic hypertension or nephropathy, led to exclusion from the trial. The primary outcome was a composite measure of placental dysfunction (preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth <34 weeks' gestation, or perinatal mortality). The planned sample size was 566 participants to achieve a 35% reduction in the primary outcome, assuming 80% statistical power. Secondary end points included maternal and neonatal outcomes and determination of insulin requirements across gestation. Data were centrally managed using ClinInfo and analyzed using SAS 9.4. The 2 treatment groups were compared using t tests or chi-square tests, as required, and longitudinal data were compared using a repeated-measures analysis. RESULTS From February 2020 to September 2022, 191 patients were deemed eligible, 134 of whom were enrolled (67 randomized to aspirin and 67 to placebo) with a retrospective power of 64%. A total of 101 (80%) women had type 1 diabetes mellitus and 25 (20%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reaching the target sample size was limited by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline characteristics were similar between the aspirin and placebo groups. Treatment compliance was very high and similar between groups (97% for aspirin, 94% for placebo). The risk of the composite measure of placental dysfunction did not differ between groups (25% aspirin vs 21% placebo; P=.796). Women in the aspirin group had significantly lower insulin requirements throughout pregnancy compared with the placebo group. Insulin requirements in the aspirin group increased on average from 0.7 units/kg at baseline to 1.1 units/kg by 36 weeks' gestation (an average 83% within-patient increase), and increased from 0.7 units/kg to 1.3 units/kg (a 181% within-patient increase) in the placebo group, over the same gestational period (P=.002). Serial hemoglobin A1c levels were lower in the aspirin group than in the placebo group, although this trend did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION In this multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial, aspirin did not reduce the risk of adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by prepregnancy diabetes mellitus. Compared with the placebo group, aspirin-treated patients required significantly less insulin throughout pregnancy, indicating a beneficial effect of aspirin on glycemic control. Aspirin may exert a plausible placenta-mediated effect on pregestational diabetes mellitus that is not limited to its antithrombotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Finnegan
- RCSI Fetal Centre, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (PhD Finnegan, MSc Dicker, MPhil Asandei, MD Breathnach and MD Malone).
| | - Patrick Dicker
- RCSI Fetal Centre, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (PhD Finnegan, MSc Dicker, MPhil Asandei, MD Breathnach and MD Malone)
| | - Denisa Asandei
- RCSI Fetal Centre, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (PhD Finnegan, MSc Dicker, MPhil Asandei, MD Breathnach and MD Malone)
| | - Mary Higgins
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (MD Higgins and FRCOG McAuliffe)
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (MD O'Gorman)
| | - Mairead O' Riordan
- Infant Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (MRCOG O' Riordan)
| | - Fidelma Dunne
- University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland (PhD Dunne, MD Gaffney, and MD Newman)
| | - Geraldine Gaffney
- University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland (PhD Dunne, MD Gaffney, and MD Newman)
| | - Christine Newman
- University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland (PhD Dunne, MD Gaffney, and MD Newman)
| | - Fionnuala McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (MD Higgins and FRCOG McAuliffe)
| | - Vineta Ciprike
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland (MD Ciprike)
| | | | - Fergal D Malone
- RCSI Fetal Centre, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (PhD Finnegan, MSc Dicker, MPhil Asandei, MD Breathnach and MD Malone)
| | - Fionnuala M Breathnach
- RCSI Fetal Centre, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (PhD Finnegan, MSc Dicker, MPhil Asandei, MD Breathnach and MD Malone)
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Creswell L, Rolnik DL, Burke B, Daly S, O'Gorman N. Performance of QUiPP app v.2 tool for prediction of preterm birth in asymptomatic high-risk women attending preterm specialist clinic: external validation study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024. [PMID: 38379428 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES External validation of the QUiPP App v.2 algorithms in an independent cohort of high-risk asymptomatic women attending an Irish preterm birth surveillance clinic (PSC). METHODS Retrospective, single center, observational study assessing discrimination and calibration of the QUiPP App v.2 at the six pre-determined clinical time points (birth prior to 30, 34, 37 weeks of pregnancy, and birth within one, two and four weeks of testing). Discrimination was assessed by estimating the area under the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) and sensitivity at fixed false-positive rates of 5%, 10% and 20%. Model calibration was assessed to evaluate the concordance between expected and observed outcomes. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. No adjustments for treatment effects were made. RESULTS 762 women and 1660 preterm birth surveillance clinic (PSC) visits utilizing the QUiPP between 2019 and 2022 were analyzed. The study population included 142 patients who later experienced a PTB (18.6%). QUiPP's performance to predict short-term outcomes such as birth within one week (AUC 0.866, 95% CI 0.755-0.955), two weeks (AUC 0.721, 95% CI 0.569-0.854) and four weeks (AUC 0.775, 95% CI 0.699-0.842), and delivery before 30 weeks (AUC 0.747, 95% CI 0.613-0.865) was superior to its ability to predict longer-term outcomes (birth <37 weeks; AUC 0.631, 95% CI 0.596-0.668). Calibration was generally good for low-risk results as the predicted risk in these patients tended to match the observed incidence. However, in women deemed to be at greater risk of delivery, the predicted probability superseded the observed incidence of PTB. CONCLUSION QUiPP accurately discriminates women who are at short-term risk of PTB. A treatment paradox may influence calibration in high-risk women. Further research is needed to ascertain if QUiPP treatment thresholds can be safely adjusted in women receiving prophylactic treatment to prevent PTB, and whether this improves outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Creswell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Burke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Daly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N O'Gorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, O'Gorman N, Wright D, Nicolaides KH, Poon LC. Aspirin for evidence-based preeclampsia prevention trial: effects of aspirin on maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placental growth factor trajectories in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023:S0002-9378(23)02190-7. [PMID: 38151219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact mechanism by which aspirin prevents preeclampsia remains unclear. Its effects on serum placental biomarkers throughout pregnancy are also unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of aspirin on serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placental growth factor trajectories using repeated measures from women at increased risk of preterm preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN This was a longitudinal secondary analysis of the Combined Multimarker Screening and Randomized Patient Treatment with Aspirin for Evidence-based Preeclampsia Prevention trial using repeated measures of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placental growth factor. In the trial, 1620 women at increased risk of preterm preeclampsia were identified using the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm at 11 to 13+6 weeks of gestation, of whom 798 were randomly assigned to receive aspirin 150 mg and 822 to receive placebo daily from before 14 weeks to 36 weeks of gestation. Serum biomarkers were measured at baseline and follow-up visits at 19 to 24, 32 to 34, and 36 weeks of gestation. Generalized additive mixed models with treatment by gestational age interaction terms were used to investigate the effect of aspirin on biomarker trajectories over time. RESULTS Overall, there were 5507 pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and 5523 placental growth factor measurements. Raw pregnancy-associated plasma protein A values increased over time, and raw placental growth factor increased until 32 weeks of gestation followed by a decline. The multiple of the median mean values of the same biomarkers were consistently below 1.0 multiple of the median, reflecting the high-risk profile of the study population. Trajectories of mean pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placental growth factor multiple of the median values did not differ significantly between the aspirin and placebo groups (aspirin treatment by gestational age interaction P values: .259 and .335, respectively). CONCLUSION In women at increased risk of preterm preeclampsia, aspirin 150 mg daily had no significant effects on pregnancy-associated plasma protein A or placental growth factor trajectories when compared to placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liona C Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Creswell L, Burke B, O'Sullivan L, Lindow SW, O'Gorman N. A cross-sectional survey of women's views and preferences for preterm birth screening and treatment. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 290:14-21. [PMID: 37713943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primary outcomes were to determine; 1) the desire for more patient information from healthcare professionals on preterm birth (PTB) prevention 2) the desire for PTB screening surveillance or participation in research or 3) the acceptability of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) or vaginal examinations to predict spontaneous PTB. METHODS A 19-question, piloted, self-administered survey was completed by unselected pregnant women in a tertiary maternity hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Data was collected to include maternal socio-demographics, past obstetric history, and current pregnancy details, in addition to views and preferences on PTB screening and preventative treatments. Statistical analysis to include binary and multinomial regression was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 29.0). RESULTS 277 women completed the study survey. 9.4% of women had attended the preterm birth surveillance clinic (PSC). 75.1% of respondents indicated a preference for more information from healthcare professionals about PTB. 65% reported that TVUS and vaginal examinations were acceptable in pregnancy. The acceptability of antenatal examinations was significantly influenced by ethnicity; white European (OR 2.58, CI 1.12-5.95, p = 0.003) and Asian (OR 3.39, CI 1.18-9.67, p = 0.02). Discomfort (25.3%) and vaginal bleeding (11.9%) were the most frequently reported concerns about TVUS. 95.7% of unselected women indicated that they would accept treatment to prevent PTB. Vaginal progesterone (53.8%) was preferred treatment compared to cervical cerclage (15.9%) or cervical pessary (16.6%). 55.6% of respondents stated they attend or wish to attend for additional appointments or research opportunities for PTB screening. Women with a previous PTB or second trimester miscarriage were more likely to attend or wish to attend for PTB screening (OR 3.23, CI 1.34-7.79, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION PTB is an important healthcare priority for pregnant women in Ireland. However, women require more information, counselling and reassurance about the utility and safety of TVUS in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B Burke
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Creswell L, Doddy F, Manning C, Nazir SF, Lindow SW, Lynch C, O'Gorman N. Cell free DNA screening for fetal aneuploidy in Ireland: An observational study of outcomes following insufficient fetal fraction. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 290:143-149. [PMID: 37797414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine maternal factors associated with low fetal fraction (FF). To determine the proportion of women who receive a result from repeat non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) testing. To identify any significant associations between pregnancy interventions or outcomes and low FF. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective observational study of 4465 women undergoing antenatal screening by targeted cell free DNA (cfDNA) testing at an Irish tertiary maternity hospital between January 2017 and December 2022. Patients who failed to obtain a result after the first NIPT were analyzed in two cohorts; those who received a result on a repeat sample and those who failed to ever achieve a result despite a second, third or fourth cfDNA test. RESULTS Risk of insufficient FF significantly increased with elevated maternal BMI (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.13, p = 0.03) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.19-9.4, p = 0.02). Women with no result were more likely to have diagnostic invasive testing (p < 0.01), but had no increased risk of aneuploidy. Repeated failed NIPT attempts due to low FF were significantly associated with the subsequent development of hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (p = 0.03). Greater than 70% of patients who were unsuccessful in a first or second attempt at NIPT due to low FF yielded a result following a second or third sample. CONCLUSIONS High BMI and IVF conceptions are greater contributors to low FF than fetal aneuploidy. Repeating NIPT yields a result in greater than 70% of cases. WHAT'S ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: Fetal fraction (FF) in prenatal cfDNA testing is influenced by maternal and pregnancy factors including body mass index (BMI) and IVF. Low FF has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal aneuploidy and hypertensive diseases of pregnancy. WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD?: In a large Irish population, increasing maternal BMI and in-vitro fertilization are the most significant contributors to repeated test failures due to low FF. Greater than 70% of patients with test failure due to low FF will receive a result on 2nd and 3rd NIPT attempts. Patients with no result from NIPT were more likely to undergo diagnostic invasive testing but the risk of aneuploidy was not significantly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Doddy
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Manning
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S F Nazir
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - C Lynch
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, O'Gorman N, Wright D, Poon LC, Nicolaides KH. ASPRE trial: effects of aspirin on mean arterial blood pressure and uterine artery pulsatility index trajectories in pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 61:691-697. [PMID: 37058400 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mechanism by which aspirin prevents pre-eclampsia is poorly understood, and its effects on biomarkers throughout pregnancy are unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of aspirin on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) using repeated measures from women at increased risk of preterm pre-eclampsia. METHODS This was a longitudinal secondary analysis of the Combined Multimarker Screening and Randomized Patient Treatment with Aspirin for Evidence-Based Pre-eclampsia Prevention (ASPRE) trial using repeated measures of MAP and UtA-PI. In the trial, 1620 women at increased risk of preterm pre-eclampsia were identified using the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks, of whom 798 were randomly assigned to receive 150 mg/day aspirin and 822 were assigned to receive placebo daily from 11-14 weeks to 36 weeks of gestation or delivery, whichever came first. MAP and UtA-PI were measured at baseline and follow-up visits at 19-24, 32-34 and 36 weeks of gestation. Generalized additive mixed models with treatment by gestational age interaction terms were used to investigate the effects of aspirin on MAP and UtA-PI trajectories over time. RESULTS Among 798 participants in the aspirin group and 822 in the placebo group, there were 5951 MAP and 5942 UtA-PI measurements. Trajectories of raw and multiples of the median (MoM) values of MAP did not differ significantly between the two groups (MAP MoM analysis: P-value for treatment by gestational age interaction, 0.340). In contrast, trajectories of raw and MoM values of UtA-PI showed a significantly steeper decline in the aspirin group than in the placebo group, with the difference mainly driven by a more pronounced reduction before 20 weeks of gestation (UtA-PI MoM analysis: P-value for treatment by gestational age interaction, 0.006). CONCLUSIONS In women at increased risk of preterm pre-eclampsia, 150 mg/day aspirin initiated in the first trimester does not affect MAP but is associated with a significant decrease in mean UtA-PI, particularly before 20 weeks of gestation. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Syngelaki
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - N O'Gorman
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - L C Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Creswell L, Lindow BJ, Lindow SW, MacIntyre A, O'Gorman N, Hehir M, O'Connell MP. A retrospective observational study of labour ward work Intensity: The challenge of maternity staffing. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 286:90-94. [PMID: 37229963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The UK and Ireland are facing significant challenges in the recruitment and retention of midwifery staff. Deficiencies in staffing, training and leadership have been cited as contributory factors to substandard care in both regional and global independent maternity safety reports. Locally, workforce planning is critical to maintaining 'one to one' care for all women in labor and to meet the peaks of daily birthing suite activity. OBJECTIVES Analyze the variation in work intensity, defined by the mean number and range of births per midwifery working hours. METHODS Retrospective observational study of birthing suite activity between 2017 and 2020. 30,550 singleton births were reported during the study period; however, 6529 elective Cesarean sections were excluded as these were performed during normal working hours by a separate operating theatre team. The times of 24,021 singleton births were organized into five proposed midwifery working rosters lasting eight or 12 h; A (00.00-07.59), B (08.00-15.59), C (16.00-23.59), D (20.00-0.759) and E (0.800-19.59). RESULTS The number of births was comparable between the eight-hour and 12-hour work periods with a mean of five to six babies born per roster (range zero to 15). Work periods D and E lasting 12-hours both recorded a mean of eight births (range zero to 18). Hourly births ranged from a minimum of zero to a maximum of five births per hour (greater than seven times the mean), a number that was achieved 14 times during the study period. CONCLUSIONS The mean number of births is consistent between normal working hours and unsociable 'on-call' periods, however there is an extreme range of activity within each midwifery roster. Prompt escalation plans remain essential for maternity services to manage unexpected increases in demand and complexity. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC Shortfalls in staffing and inadequate workforce planning have been frequently cited in recent maternity safety reports as barriers to sustainable and safe maternity care. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Our study shows that the mean number of births in a large tertiary center are consistent across day and night rosters. However, there are large fluctuations in activity during which births can exceed the number of available midwives. HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH, PRACTICE OR POLICY Our study reflects the sentiments of the Ockenden review and APPG report on safe maternity staffing. Investment in services and the workforce to aid recruitment and reduce attrition is essential to establish robust escalation plans, including the deployment of additional staff in the event of extreme service pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B J Lindow
- Actuary, Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - M Hehir
- The Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Creswell L, Lindow SW, Monteith C, McNamee E, O'Gorman N, O'Connell MP. The duration of labor in spontaneous preterm deliveries: A retrospective observational study in a tertiary Irish maternity hospital. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 285:110-114. [PMID: 37099860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm deliveries account for 10% of all births, and are the most important cause of neonatal mortality globally. Despite their frequency, there is a paucity of information known about usual patterns of preterm labor, as previous studies which critically defined the normal progression of labor excluded preterm gestations. OBJECTIVE To compare the durations of the first, second and third stages of spontaneous preterm labor in nulliparous and multiparous women at varying preterm gestations. METHODS A retrospective observational study was undertaken of women admitted in spontaneous preterm labor from January 2017 to December 2020 with viable singleton gestations between 24 and 36 + 6 weeks' gestation who then proceeded to have a vaginal delivery. There were 512 cases following exclusion of preterm inductions of labor, instrumental vaginal deliveries, provider-initiated pre-labor Caesarean sections and emergency intrapartum Caesarean sections. The data was then examined to determine our outcomes of interest including the durations of the first, second and third stages of preterm labor, analyzing results by parity and gestation. For comparison, we reviewed data of term spontaneous labors and spontaneous vaginal deliveries during the same study period, identifying 8339 cases. FINDINGS 97.6% of participants achieved a spontaneous cephalic vaginal delivery with the remainder undergoing an assisted breech birth. 5.7% of gestations delivered spontaneously between 24 + 0 and 27 + 6 weeks, with most births at gestations greater than 34 weeks (74%). The second stage duration (mean 15 vs 32 vs 32 mins respectively) was significantly different across the three gestation periods (p < 0.05), but was notably much quicker in extremely preterm labors. The first and third stage durations were similar between all gestational age groups with no statistically significant differences in results. There was a significant influence of parity on the first and second stages of labor, with multiparous women progressing more quickly than nulliparae (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The duration of spontaneous preterm labor is described. Multiparous women progress more quickly in the first and second stages of preterm labor than nulliparous women.
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Wright D, Tan MY, O'Gorman N, Syngelaki A, Nicolaides KH. Serum PlGF compared with PAPP-A in first trimester screening for preterm pre-eclampsia: Adjusting for the effect of aspirin treatment. BJOG 2022; 129:1308-1317. [PMID: 35015330 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the predictive performance for preterm-pre-eclampsia (PE) in first-trimester screening by serum placental growth factor (PlGF) versus pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), in combination with maternal risk factors, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), after adjustment for the effect of aspirin in women receiving this treatment. DESIGN Non-intervention multicentre screening studies for PE in singleton pregnancies. SETTING Maternity hospitals. POPULATION Two independent prospective studies of 8775 and 16 451 women with singleton pregnancies attending for routine assessment at 11+0 -13+6 weeks' gestation. METHODS The competing risks model was used to estimate patient-specific risks of delivery with PE at <37 weeks' gestation based on maternal risk factors and combinations with MAP, UtA-PI and either PlGF or PAPP-A. McNemar's test was used to compare the detection rate (DR) of preterm-PE of screening utilising PlGF versus PAPP-A, after adjustments for the effects of aspirin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Predictive performance for preterm-PE. RESULTS In the combined data of 25 226 women, including 678 (2.7%) who developed PE, there were 194(0.8%) with preterm-PE. Addition of PlGF improved the DR of preterm-PE, at 10% screen positive rate, by 18.4% (95% CI 12.2-24.6) in screening by maternal risk factors, by 19.9% (95% CI 13.6-26.2) in screening by maternal factors and MAP, and by 7.0% (95% CI 2.3-11.6) in screening by maternal factors, MAP and UtA-PI. PAPP-A did not significantly improve the DR provided by any combination of biomarkers. CONCLUSION The predictive performance of first trimester PlGF for preterm-PE is superior to that of PAPP-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Min Yi Tan
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Szklanna PB, Whoriskey S, Rajakumar S, Curran J, MacNamee B, Donnelly J, O'Gorman N, Higgins M, Ní Áinle F, Maguire PB. P-001. AI_PREMie: A novel risk stratification tool for preeclamptic-toxaemia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2021.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mahallati H, Sotiriadis A, Celestin C, Millischer AE, Sonigo P, Grevent D, O'Gorman N, Bahi-Buisson N, Attié-Bitach T, Ville Y, Salomon LJ. Heterogeneity in defining fetal corpus callosal pathology: systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:11-18. [PMID: 32798278 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fetal anomalies of the corpus callosum (CC) have been reported in the prenatal imaging literature since 1985, and, especially when isolated, pose challenges for both the patient and fetal medicine specialist. The purpose of this study was to review systematically the literature on prenatally diagnosed abnormalities of the CC, focusing on the terminology used to describe abnormalities other than complete agenesis of the CC, and to assess the heterogeneity of the nomenclature and definitions used. METHODS This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews. A literature search was performed to identify prospective or retrospective case series or cohort studies, published in English, French, Italian, German or Spanish, reporting fetal imaging findings and describing anomalies of the CC. Quality and risk of bias of the studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and a modification of the scale developed by Conde-Agudelo et al. for other fetal imaging studies. The data extracted included the number of patients, the number of different anomalies identified, the descriptive names of the anomalies, and, where applicable, the definitions of the anomalies, the number of cases of each type of anomaly and the biometric charts used. Secondary tests used to confirm the diagnosis, as well as the postnatal or post-termination tests used to ascertain the diagnosis, were also recorded. RESULTS The search identified 998 records, and, after review of titles and abstracts and full review of 45 papers, 27 studies were included initially in the review, of which 24 were included in the final analysis. These 24 studies had a broad range of quality and risk of bias and represented 1135 cases of CC anomalies, of which 49% were complete agenesis and the remainder were described using the term partial agenesis or nine other terms, of which five had more than one definition. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to the postnatal literature, in the prenatal literature there is much greater heterogeneity in the nomenclature and definition of CC anomalies other than complete agenesis. This heterogeneity and lack of standard definitions in the prenatal literature make it difficult to develop large multicenter pooled cohorts of patients who can be followed in order to develop a better understanding of the genetic associations and neurodevelopmental and psychological outcomes of patients with CC anomalies. As this information is important to improve counseling of these patients, a good first step towards this goal would be to develop a simpler categorization of prenatal CC anomalies that matches better the postnatal literature. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mahallati
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Sotiriadis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C Celestin
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A E Millischer
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - P Sonigo
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - D Grevent
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Radiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N O'Gorman
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N Bahi-Buisson
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - T Attié-Bitach
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Université Paris Descartes et Inserm U781, Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Fetus & LUMIERE team, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Benkő Z, Wright A, Rehal A, Cimpoca B, Syngelaki A, Delgado JL, Tsokaki T, De Alvarado M, Vojtassakova D, Malligiannis Ntalianis K, Chaveeva P, Del Campo A, De Ganzo T, Resta C, Atanasova V, Accurti V, Villalain C, Aguilera J, Dojcinovska D, O'Gorman N, Plasencia W, Zingler E, Dutemeyer V, Alvar B, Casanova MC, Nicolaides KH. Prediction of pre-eclampsia in twin pregnancy by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation: data from EVENTS trial. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:257-265. [PMID: 33142361 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES First, to validate a previously developed model for screening for pre-eclampsia (PE) by maternal characteristics and medical history in twin pregnancies; second, to compare the distributions of mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in twin pregnancies that delivered with PE to those in singleton pregnancies and to develop new models based on these results; and, third, to examine the predictive performance of these models in screening for PE with delivery at < 32 and < 37 weeks' gestation. METHODS Two datasets of prospective non-intervention multicenter screening studies for PE in twin pregnancies at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation were used. The first dataset was from the EVENTS (Early vaginal progesterone for the preVention of spontaneous prEterm birth iN TwinS) trial and the second was from a previously reported study that examined the distributions of biomarkers in twin pregnancies. Maternal demographic characteristics and medical history from the EVENTS-trial dataset were used to assess the validity of risks from our previously developed model. The combined data from the first and second datasets were used to compare the distributional properties of log10 multiples of the median (MoM) values of UtA-PI, MAP, PlGF and PAPP-A in twin pregnancies that delivered with PE to those in singleton pregnancies and develop new models based on these results. The competing-risks model was used to estimate the individual patient-specific risks of delivery with PE at < 32 and < 37 weeks' gestation. Screening performance was measured by detection rates (DR) and areas under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve. RESULTS The EVENTS-trial dataset comprised 1798 pregnancies, including 168 (9.3%) that developed PE. In the validation of the prior model based on maternal characteristics and medical history, calibration plots demonstrated very good agreement between the predicted risks and the observed incidence of PE (calibration slope and intercept for PE < 32 weeks were 0.827 and 0.009, respectively, and for PE < 37 weeks they were 0.942 and -0.207, respectively). In the combined data, there were 3938 pregnancies, including 339 (8.6%) that developed PE and 253 (6.4%) that delivered with PE at < 37 weeks' gestation. In twin pregnancies that delivered with PE, MAP, UtA-PI and PlGF were, at earlier gestational ages, more discriminative than in singleton pregnancies and at later gestational ages they were less so. For PAPP-A, there was little difference between PE and unaffected pregnancies. The best performance of screening for PE was achieved by a combination of maternal factors, MAP, UtA-PI and PlGF. In screening by maternal factors alone, the DR, at a 10% false-positive rate, was 30.6% for delivery with PE at < 32 weeks' gestation and this increased to 86.4% when screening by the combined test; the respective values for PE < 37 weeks were 24.9% and 41.1%. CONCLUSIONS In the assessment of risk for PE in twin pregnancy, we can use the same prior model based on maternal characteristics and medical history as reported previously, but in the calculation of posterior risks it is necessary to use the new distributions of log10 MoM values of UtA-PI, MAP and PlGF according to gestational age at delivery with PE. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Benkő
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Wright
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - A Rehal
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Cimpoca
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Syngelaki
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - J L Delgado
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - T Tsokaki
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - M De Alvarado
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - K Malligiannis Ntalianis
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea, UK
| | | | - A Del Campo
- Hospital Universitario Cruces, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, UPV/EHU, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - T De Ganzo
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS) Granada, Spain
| | - C Resta
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, UK
| | - V Atanasova
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Accurti
- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan and Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - C Villalain
- Hospital Universitario "12 De Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - J Aguilera
- University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK
| | - D Dojcinovska
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - N O'Gorman
- Hospital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - E Zingler
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Kingston Hospital, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - V Dutemeyer
- University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Alvar
- University Hospital A Coruña, Spain
| | - M C Casanova
- Hospital Universitario de Torrejón and School of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Nikčević AV, Dodd Z, Prior J, O'Gorman N, Poon LC, Nicolaides KH. Reasons for accepting or declining participation in the ASPRE trial: A qualitative study with women at high risk of preterm pre-eclampsia. Prenat Diagn 2019; 39:1127-1135. [PMID: 31479510 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors that affected the decision of pregnant women at high risk for pre-eclampsia (PE) in accepting or declining participation in a medicated clinical trial (ASPRE) for the prevention of preterm PE. METHOD This was a qualitative, cross-sectional study. A purposive sample of 14 participants and 13 decliners of the ASPRE trial were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using template analysis. RESULTS For participants, their high-risk status seems to have motivated them to take part in the trial. This was enabled by their perception that the trial drug aspirin was commonly used, the safety of the procedure, and the belief that they will be in receipt of extra monitoring in pregnancy. Decliners expressed discomfort about taking medications in pregnancy, and about the presence of the placebo arm; they seemed to be motivated by desire to reduce harm. Satisfaction with the information provided by the medical professionals was also influential in women's decision making, and so were the views of their partners and other trusted individuals. CONCLUSION Pregnant women's motivation to take part or to decline participation in a medicated trail can be understood as an attempt to cope with the threat posed by their high-risk status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V Nikčević
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston-Upon-Thames, UK
| | - Zoe Dodd
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston-Upon-Thames, UK
| | - Jess Prior
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston-Upon-Thames, UK
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liona C Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Gueneuc A, Spaggiari E, Millischer AE, Michot C, O'Gorman N, Ville Y. Contribution of three-dimensional ultrasound and three-dimensional helical computed tomography to prenatal diagnosis of Stickler syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019; 54:279-280. [PMID: 30251283 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gueneuc
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - E Spaggiari
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - A E Millischer
- Department of Pediatrics Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C Michot
- University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - N O'Gorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Department of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
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Millischer AE, Sonigo P, Attie T, Spaggiari E, O'Gorman N, Bessieres B, Kermorvant E, Boddaert N, Salomon LJ, Grevent D. Fetal MRI findings in a retrospective cohort of 26 cases of prenatally diagnosed CHARGE syndrome individuals. Prenat Diagn 2019; 39:781-791. [PMID: 30715739 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
"CHARGE syndrome" (CS) is a multifaceted syndrome associated with a poor prognosis. The prenatal diagnosis remains challenging especially as the fetal anomalies that may evoke suspicion of CS are not comprehensively described. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the anomalies in MRI with suspected CHARGE syndrome and to propose a possible standardization in the image-based prenatal diagnosis of CS. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 26 fetuses who underwent MRI and had a confirmed diagnosis of CS, as proven by histopathological and/or neonatal examinations and/or the presence of the CHD7 gene mutation. RESULTS The three most frequent MRI anomalies confirmed at histopathological and/or neonatal examinations were arhinencephaly in 100% (26 of 26), dysplasia of the semicircular canals agenesis (SCA) in 100% (24 of 24), and posterior fossa anomalies in 100% (22 of 22). Our study also revealed short petrous bones with a particular triangular shape in 24 of 24 cases of SCA. Other relevant findings included external ear anomalies in 36% (9 of 25), cleft lip and palate (9 of 9), ventriculomegaly (VMG) (6 of 6), short corpus callosum (3 of 3), and ocular asymmetry in 36.6% (4 of 11). CONCLUSION Our study emphasizes the interest of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of CS with an adapted knowledge of semiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Elodie Millischer
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.,EA fetus, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Sonigo
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Tania Attie
- Service de Génétique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Spaggiari
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Bettina Bessieres
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Elsa Kermorvant
- Service de néonatologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Laurent-Julien Salomon
- EA fetus, Necker Hospital, Paris, France.,Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - David Grevent
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
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Tan MY, Syngelaki A, Poon LC, Rolnik DL, O'Gorman N, Delgado JL, Akolekar R, Konstantinidou L, Tsavdaridou M, Galeva S, Ajdacka U, Molina FS, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Greco E, Papaioannou G, Wright A, Wright D, Nicolaides KH. Screening for pre-eclampsia by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018; 52:186-195. [PMID: 29896812 DOI: 10.1002/uog.19112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of screening for early, preterm and term pre-eclampsia (PE) at 11-13 weeks' gestation by maternal factors and combinations of mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI), serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A). METHODS The data for this study were derived from three previously reported prospective non-intervention screening studies at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation in a combined total of 61 174 singleton pregnancies, including 1770 (2.9%) that developed PE. Bayes' theorem was used to combine the prior distribution of gestational age at delivery with PE, obtained from maternal characteristics, with various combinations of biomarker multiples of the median (MoM) values to derive patient-specific risks of delivery with PE at < 37 weeks' gestation. The performance of such screening was estimated. RESULTS In pregnancies that developed PE, compared to those without PE, the MoM values of UtA-PI and MAP were increased and those of PAPP-A and PlGF were decreased, and the deviation from normal was greater for early than late PE for all four biomarkers. Combined screening by maternal factors, UtA-PI, MAP and PlGF predicted 90% of early PE, 75% of preterm PE and 41% of term PE, at a screen-positive rate of 10%; inclusion of PAPP-A did not improve the performance of screening. The performance of screening depended on the racial origin of the women; on screening by a combination of maternal factors, MAP, UtA-PI and PlGF and using a risk cut-off of 1 in 100 for PE at < 37 weeks in Caucasian women, the screen-positive rate was 10% and detection rates for early, preterm and term PE were 88%, 69% and 40%, respectively. With the same method of screening and risk cut-off in women of Afro-Caribbean racial origin, the screen-positive rate was 34% and detection rates for early, preterm and term PE were 100%, 92% and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Screening by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation can identify a high proportion of pregnancies that develop early and preterm PE. © 2018 Crown copyright. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology © 2018 ISUOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Tan
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - L C Poon
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - J L Delgado
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - R Akolekar
- Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, UK
| | | | | | - S Galeva
- University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK
| | - U Ajdacka
- Southend University Hospital, Essex, UK
| | - F S Molina
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - N Persico
- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - J C Jani
- University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Plasencia
- Hospiten Group, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - E Greco
- Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - A Wright
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - D Wright
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - K H Nicolaides
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
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di Pasquo E, Kuleva M, O'Gorman N, Ville Y, Salomon LJ. Fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix: retrospective cohort study and systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018; 51:580-585. [PMID: 28876490 DOI: 10.1002/uog.18895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ultrasound characteristics and outcome of pregnancies with fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix (FIUVV). METHODS Cases of FIUVV managed at our tertiary university hospital over an 8-year period were reviewed. Information retrieved included gestational age and diameter of the umbilical varix at diagnosis, increase in varix diameter, associated ultrasound or chromosomal anomalies and pregnancy outcome. Furthermore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of series of FIUVV in the literature was performed to assess the incidence of chromosomal anomalies, small-for-gestational age infants and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), and to pool odds ratio (OR) estimates on the relationship between the incidence of these outcomes and the presence of additional associated ultrasound anomalies. RESULTS Thirteen cases of FIUVV were included in the cohort study. Additional ultrasound anomalies were found in two (15.4%) of 13 cases. One case of IUFD was observed and no case of chromosomal anomaly or thrombosis of varix was recorded. A total of five studies comprising 254 cases met the inclusion criteria of the systematic review. FIUVV was associated with additional ultrasound anomalies (non-isolated FIUVV) in 19% (95% CI, 10.9-29.1%) of cases. No case of chromosomal abnormality or IUFD was reported in fetuses with isolated FIUVV. In contrast, in the group of non-isolated FIUVV, the incidence of chromosomal anomalies was 19.6% and that of IUFD was 7.3%, with ORs of 14.8 (95% CI, 2.9-73.0) and 8.2 (95% CI, 1.05-63.1), respectively, when compared with the group of isolated FIUVV. CONCLUSION When isolated, the outcome of cases affected by FIUVV is usually favorable. In about 20% of cases, additional ultrasound anomalies are found, which are associated with an increased risk for chromosomal abnormalities and IUFD. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- E di Pasquo
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M Kuleva
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N O'Gorman
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Société Française pour l'Amélioration des Pratiques Echographiques, Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Société Française pour l'Amélioration des Pratiques Echographiques, Paris, France
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Rolnik DL, O'Gorman N, Roberge S, Bujold E, Hyett J, Uzan S, Beaufils M, da Silva Costa F. Early screening and prevention of preterm pre-eclampsia with aspirin: time for clinical implementation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 50:551-556. [PMID: 28887883 DOI: 10.1002/uog.18899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D L Rolnik
- Perinatal Services, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N O'Gorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - S Roberge
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - E Bujold
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Hyett
- Department of High Risk Obstetrics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Uzan
- Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France
| | | | - F da Silva Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Ultrasound for Women, Melbourne, Australia
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Millischer AE, Grevent D, Rousseau V, O'Gorman N, Sonigo P, Bessieres B, Ville Y, Boddaert N, Salomon LJ. Fetal MRI compared with ultrasound for the diagnosis of obstructive genital malformations. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:1138-1145. [PMID: 28921932 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) to diagnose and characterize congenital obstructive genital abnormalities. METHOD Retrospective cohort of 20 fetuses who underwent a fetal MRI following a US diagnosis of obstructive urogenital malformation. We compared MRI and US findings and their correlation with the definitive diagnosis. RESULT The correct diagnosis was obtained in 6/20 (30%) cases and 19/20 cases (95%) with US and MRI, respectively. MRI revealed additional information to US in 15/20 cases (75%) and modified the prenatal management in 14 fetuses (70%). The identification rates of the most important anatomical landmarks for the diagnosis, using US and MRI, were compared. Bladder: US 17/20 (85%) vs MRI 20/20 (100%) P = 0.23; vagina: US 6/19 (31.5%) vs MRI 19/19 (100%) P < 10-4 ; uterus: US 11/19 (57.8%) vs MRI 19/19 (100%) P = 0.003, kidneys: US: 40/40 (100%) MRI: 40/40 (100%) P = 1, ureters: US 14/40 (35%) vs MRI 30/40 (75%) P=0.001, rectum: US 6/20 (30%) MRI 20/20 (100%) P < 10-4 , and sacrum: US 20/20 (100%) vs MRI 17/20 (85%) P = 0.23. CONCLUSION In fetuses with obstructive urogenital malformations, MRI facilitates assessment of major pelvic organs and provides significant information that may alter the prenatal management.
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Rolnik DL, Wright D, Poon LCY, Syngelaki A, O'Gorman N, de Paco Matallana C, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Singh M, Molina FS, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Papaioannou G, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Nicolaides KH. ASPRE trial: performance of screening for preterm pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 50:492-495. [PMID: 28741785 DOI: 10.1002/uog.18816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of screening for preterm and term pre-eclampsia (PE) in the study population participating in the ASPRE (Combined Multimarker Screening and Randomized Patient Treatment with Aspirin for Evidence-Based Preeclampsia Prevention) trial. METHODS This was a prospective first-trimester multicenter study on screening for preterm PE in 26 941 singleton pregnancies by means of an algorithm that combines maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index and maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Eligible women with an estimated risk for preterm PE of > 1 in 100 were invited to participate in a double-blind trial of aspirin (150 mg per day) vs placebo from 11-14 until 36 weeks' gestation, which showed that, in the aspirin group, the incidence of preterm PE was reduced by 62%. In the screened population, the detection rates (DRs) and false-positive rates (FPRs) for delivery with PE < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks were estimated after adjustment for the effect of aspirin in those receiving this treatment. We excluded 1144 (4.2%) pregnancies because of loss to follow-up or study withdrawal (n = 716), miscarriage (n = 243) or termination (n = 185). RESULTS The study population of 25 797 pregnancies included 180 (0.7%) cases of preterm PE, 450 (1.7%) of term PE and 25 167 (97.6%) without PE. In combined first-trimester screening for preterm PE with a risk cut-off of 1 in 100, the DR was 76.7% (138/180) for preterm PE and 43.1% (194/450) for term PE, at screen-positive rate of 10.5% (2707/25 797) and FPR of 9.2% (2375/25 797). CONCLUSION The performance of screening in the ASPRE study was comparable with that of a study of approximately 60 000 singleton pregnancies used for development of the algorithm; in that study, combined screening detected 76.6% of cases of preterm PE and 38.3% of term PE at a FPR of 10%. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Wright
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - L C Y Poon
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | - R Akolekar
- Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | - S Cicero
- Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Janga
- North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Singh
- Southend University Hospital, Essex, UK
| | - F S Molina
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - N Persico
- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - J C Jani
- University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Plasencia
- Hospiten Group, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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Rolnik DL, Wright D, Poon LC, O'Gorman N, Syngelaki A, de Paco Matallana C, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Singh M, Molina FS, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Papaioannou G, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Meiri H, Gizurarson S, Maclagan K, Nicolaides KH. Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:613-622. [PMID: 28657417 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1704559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1176] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal and perinatal death and complications. It is uncertain whether the intake of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia. METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 1776 women with singleton pregnancies who were at high risk for preterm preeclampsia to receive aspirin, at a dose of 150 mg per day, or placebo from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation until 36 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was delivery with preeclampsia before 37 weeks of gestation. The analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS A total of 152 women withdrew consent during the trial, and 4 were lost to follow up, which left 798 participants in the aspirin group and 822 in the placebo group. Preterm preeclampsia occurred in 13 participants (1.6%) in the aspirin group, as compared with 35 (4.3%) in the placebo group (odds ratio in the aspirin group, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.74; P=0.004). Results were materially unchanged in a sensitivity analysis that took into account participants who had withdrawn or were lost to follow-up. Adherence was good, with a reported intake of 85% or more of the required number of tablets in 79.9% of the participants. There were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes or other adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with low-dose aspirin in women at high risk for preterm preeclampsia resulted in a lower incidence of this diagnosis than placebo. (Funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Program and the Fetal Medicine Foundation; EudraCT number, 2013-003778-29 ; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN13633058 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Rolnik
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - David Wright
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Liona C Poon
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Catalina de Paco Matallana
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Ranjit Akolekar
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Simona Cicero
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Deepa Janga
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Mandeep Singh
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Francisca S Molina
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Nicola Persico
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Jacques C Jani
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Walter Plasencia
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - George Papaioannou
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Kinneret Tenenbaum-Gavish
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Hamutal Meiri
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Sveinbjorn Gizurarson
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Kate Maclagan
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- From King's College Hospital (D.L.R., L.C.P., N.O., A.S., R.A., K.H.N.), Homerton University Hospital (S.C.), North Middlesex University Hospital (D.J.), and University College London Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (K.M.), London, University of Exeter, Exeter (D.W.), Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham (R.A.), and Southend University Hospital, Westcliff-on-Sea (M.S.) - all in the United Kingdom; Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (L.C.P.); Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia (C.P.M.), Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada (F.S.M.), and Hospiten Group, Tenerife (W.P.) - all in Spain; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan (N.P.); University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (J.C.J.); Attikon University Hospital, Athens (G.P.); Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva (K.T.-G.), and HyLabs Diagnostics, Rehovot (H.M.) - both in Israel; and University of Iceland, Reykjavik (S.G.)
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O'Gorman N, Wright D, Poon LC, Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, Wright A, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Jani J, Molina FS, de Paco Matallana C, Papantoniou N, Persico N, Plasencia W, Singh M, Nicolaides KH. Accuracy of competing-risks model in screening for pre-eclampsia by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49:751-755. [PMID: 28067011 DOI: 10.1002/uog.17399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the diagnostic accuracy of a previously developed model for prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE) by a combination of maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation. METHODS This was a prospective first-trimester multicenter study of screening for PE in 8775 singleton pregnancies. A previously published algorithm was used for the calculation of patient-specific risk of PE in each individual. The detection rates (DRs) and false-positive rates (FPRs) for delivery with PE < 32, < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks were estimated and compared with those for the dataset used for development of the algorithm. RESULTS In the study population, 239 (2.7%) cases developed PE, of which 17 (0.2%), 59 (0.7%) and 180 (2.1%) developed PE < 32, < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks, respectively. With combined screening by maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index and serum placental growth factor, the DR was 100% (95% CI, 80-100%) for PE < 32 weeks, 75% (95% CI, 62-85%) for PE < 37 weeks and 43% (95% CI, 35-50%) for PE ≥ 37 weeks, at a 10% FPR. These DRs were similar to the estimated rates for the dataset used for development of the model: 89% (95% CI, 79-96%) for PE < 32 weeks, 75% (95% CI, 70-80%) for PE < 37 weeks and 47% (95% CI, 44-51%) for PE ≥ 37 weeks. CONCLUSION Assessment of a combination of maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks provides effective first-trimester screening for preterm PE. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - L C Poon
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - D L Rolnik
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - R Akolekar
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, UK
| | - S Cicero
- Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Janga
- North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - J Jani
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F S Molina
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - N Persico
- Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - W Plasencia
- Hospiten Group, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - M Singh
- Southend University Hospital, Essex, UK
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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24
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O'Gorman N, Wright D, Poon LC, Rolnik DL, Syngelaki A, de Alvarado M, Carbone IF, Dutemeyer V, Fiolna M, Frick A, Karagiotis N, Mastrodima S, de Paco Matallana C, Papaioannou G, Pazos A, Plasencia W, Nicolaides KH. Multicenter screening for pre-eclampsia by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11-13 weeks' gestation: comparison with NICE guidelines and ACOG recommendations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49:756-760. [PMID: 28295782 DOI: 10.1002/uog.17455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of screening for pre-eclampsia (PE) based on risk factors from medical history, as recommended by NICE and ACOG, with the method proposed by The Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF), which uses Bayes' theorem to combine the a-priori risk from maternal factors, derived by a multivariable logistic model, with the results of various combinations of biophysical and biochemical measurements. METHODS This was a prospective multicenter study of screening for PE in 8775 singleton pregnancies at 11-13 weeks' gestation. A previously published FMF algorithm was used for the calculation of patient-specific risk of PE in each individual. The detection rates (DRs) and false-positive rates (FPRs) for delivery with PE < 32, < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks were estimated and compared with those derived from application of NICE guidelines and ACOG recommendations. According to NICE, all high-risk pregnancies should be offered low-dose aspirin. According to ACOG, use of aspirin should be reserved for women with a history of PE in at least two previous pregnancies or PE requiring delivery < 34 weeks' gestation. RESULTS In the study population, 239 (2.7%) cases developed PE, of which 17 (0.2%), 59 (0.7%) and 180 (2.1%) developed PE < 32, < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks, respectively. Screening with use of the FMF algorithm based on a combination of maternal factors, mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) and serum placental growth factor (PlGF) detected 100% (95% CI, 80-100%) of PE < 32 weeks, 75% (95% CI, 62-85%) of PE < 37 weeks and 43% (95% CI, 35-50%) of PE ≥ 37 weeks, at a 10.0% FPR. Screening with use of NICE guidelines detected 41% (95% CI, 18-67%) of PE < 32 weeks, 39% (95% CI, 27-53%) of PE < 37 weeks and 34% (95% CI, 27-41%) of PE ≥ 37 weeks, at 10.2% FPR. Screening with use of ACOG recommendations detected 94% (95% CI, 71-100%) of PE < 32 weeks, 90% (95% CI, 79-96%) of PE < 37 weeks and 89% (95% CI, 84-94%) of PE ≥ 37 weeks, at 64.2% FPR. Screening based on the ACOG recommendations for use of aspirin detected 6% (95% CI, 1-27%) of PE < 32 weeks, 5% (95% CI, 2-14%) of PE < 37 weeks and 2% (95% CI, 0.3-5%) of PE ≥ 37 weeks, at 0.2% FPR. CONCLUSION Performance of screening for PE at 11-13 weeks' gestation by the FMF algorithm using a combination of maternal factors, MAP, UtA-PI and PlGF, is by far superior to the methods recommended by NICE and ACOG. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - L C Poon
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - D L Rolnik
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Syngelaki
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - M de Alvarado
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - V Dutemeyer
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Fiolna
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Medway Maritime Hospital, Gillingham, UK
| | - A Frick
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Lewisham University Hospital, London, UK
| | - N Karagiotis
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Mastrodima
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - A Pazos
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - W Plasencia
- Hospiten Group, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Center for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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25
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O'Gorman N, Wright D, Rolnik DL, Nicolaides KH, Poon LC. Study protocol for the randomised controlled trial: combined multimarker screening and randomised patient treatment with ASpirin for evidence-based PREeclampsia prevention (ASPRE). BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011801. [PMID: 27354081 PMCID: PMC4932292 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-eclampsia (PE) affects 2-3% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin in women at risk for PE may substantially reduce the prevalence of the disease. Effective screening for PE requiring delivery before 37 weeks (preterm PE) can be provided by a combination of maternal factors, uterine artery Doppler, mean arterial pressure, maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and placental growth factor at 11-13 weeks' gestation, with a detection rate of 75% at a false-positive rate of 10%. We present a protocol (V.6, date 25 January 2016) for the ASpirin for evidence-based PREeclampsia prevention (ASPRE) trial, which is a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised controlled trial (RCT) that uses an effective PE screening programme to determine whether low-dose aspirin given to women from 11 to 13 weeks' gestation will reduce the incidence of preterm PE. METHODS AND ANALYSIS All eligible women attending for their first trimester scan will be invited to participate in the screening study for preterm PE. Those found to be at high risk of developing preterm PE will be invited to participate in the RCT. Further scans will be conducted for assessment of fetal growth and biomarkers. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes will be collected and analysed. The first enrolment for the pilot study was in April 2014. As of April 2016, 26 670 women have been screened and 1760 recruited to the RCT. The study is registered on the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN13633058.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Daniel L Rolnik
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liona C Poon
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Parisaei M, Currie J, O'Gorman N, Morris S, David AL. Implementation of foetal fibronectin testing: Admissions, maternal interventions and costs at 1 year. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2016; 36:888-892. [PMID: 27147420 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2016.1168374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Foetal fibronectin testing (fFN) has a high negative predictive value for preterm delivery, but it has a cost implication. This two-stage prospective study evaluated the real patient costs and clinical impact of introducing the fFN test in women presenting acutely with threatened preterm labour in a tertiary UK obstetric hospital. Introduction of the fFN test for women with threatened preterm labour reduced antenatal admissions and in utero transfers, and reduced steroid treatment and tocolysis, even at 1 year after implementation. The total number of bed days for women with threatened preterm labour who did not deliver during admission fell from 132 (mean 8.8 days) to 25 days (mean 3.6 days). The mean cost of admission per woman before introduction of the fFN test was £1032 (95% CI £880 to £1184); after it was £339 (95% CI £261 to £417). In this small single centre study, the introduction of the test produced a cost saving of £693 per woman (95% CI, £464 to £922) which over 12 months potentially saves £74844 (95% CI £50,112 to £99,576). Further studies are needed to formally evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the fFN test and its impact on clinical decision-making in large populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Parisaei
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Homerton University Hospital , London , UK
| | - Jane Currie
- b UCL Institute for Women's Health, EGA and Obstetric Wing , University College London Hospital , London , UK
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- b UCL Institute for Women's Health, EGA and Obstetric Wing , University College London Hospital , London , UK
| | - Stephen Morris
- c UCL Department of Applied Health Research , London , UK
| | - Anna L David
- b UCL Institute for Women's Health, EGA and Obstetric Wing , University College London Hospital , London , UK
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27
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O'Gorman N, Tampakoudis G, Wright A, Wright D, Nicolaides KH. Uterine artery pulsatility index at 12, 22, 32 and 36 weeks' gestation in screening for pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016; 47:565-572. [PMID: 26582756 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the distribution of uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at 12, 22, 32 and 36 weeks' gestation in singleton pregnancies which develop pre-eclampsia (PE) and examine the performance of this biomarker in screening for PE. METHODS UtA-PI was measured in 92 712 singleton pregnancies at 11-13 weeks, in 67 605 cases at 19-24 weeks, in 31 741 at 30-34 weeks and in 5523 at 35-37 weeks. Bayes' theorem was used to combine the a-priori risk from maternal characteristics and medical history with UtA-PI. The performance of screening for PE requiring delivery < 32, at 32 + 0 to 36 + 6, < 37 and ≥ 37 weeks' gestation was estimated. The results of combined screening were compared to those of screening by UtA-PI and by maternal factors alone. RESULTS In pregnancies that developed PE, UtA-PI was increased and the separation in multiples of the median (MoM) values from normal was greater with earlier, compared to later, gestational age at which delivery for PE became necessary. Additionally, the slope of regression lines of UtA-PI MoM with gestational age at delivery in pregnancies that developed PE increased with increasing gestational age at screening. The detection rate (DR), at a 10% false-positive rate (FPR), for PE delivering < 32 weeks was 71% and 88% with combined screening at 11-13 and 19-24 weeks, respectively, and the DR for PE delivering at 32 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks was 52%, 63% and 71% with screening at 11-13, 19-24 and 30-34 weeks, respectively. However, the DR of PE delivering ≥ 37 weeks was only about 40%, irrespective of the gestational age at screening. The performance of screening by the approach utilizing Bayes' theorem was superior to that of using a percentile cut-off of UtA-PI for gestational age. CONCLUSIONS The performance of combined screening with maternal factors and UtA-PI is superior for detection of early, compared to late, PE and, to a certain extent, improves with advancing gestational age at screening. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Tampakoudis
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - D Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - K H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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O'Gorman N, Nicolaides KH, Poon LCY. The use of ultrasound and other markers for early detection of preeclampsia. Womens Health (Lond) 2016; 12:199-207. [PMID: 26900911 PMCID: PMC5375054 DOI: 10.2217/whe.15.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy classically characterized with the onset of hypertension after 20 weeks gestation in the presence of proteinuria. PE typically affects 2-8% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the most effective biomarkers used in first trimester screening for PE. It explores their use both in isolation and as part of an algorithm to yield the best detection rates. Screening by a combination of maternal risk factors, uterine artery Doppler, mean arterial pressure, maternal serum PAPP-A and PlGF can identify about 75% of cases of preterm PE for a false-positive rate of 10%. By identifying these patients at high risk for PE, appropriately tailored antenatal surveillance can be instigated and prophylactic pharmacological interventions can be prescribed to improve placentation and ultimately, the outcome for both the mother and fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil O'Gorman
- Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kypros H Nicolaides
- Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liona CY Poon
- Harris Birthright Research Centre of Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Rolnik DL, O'Gorman N, Fiolna M, van den Boom D, Nicolaides KH, Poon LC. Maternal plasma cell-free DNA in the prediction of pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 45:106-111. [PMID: 25252010 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether maternal plasma concentrations of total cell-free (cf)DNA and fetal fraction at 11-13 and 20-24 weeks' gestation in pregnancies that subsequently develop pre-eclampsia (PE) are different from those without this complication. METHODS Total cfDNA and fetal fraction were measured in 20 cases of early PE requiring delivery at < 34 weeks, in 20 cases of late PE with delivery at ≥ 34 weeks and in 200 normotensive controls, at 11-13 and 20-24 weeks' gestation. Total cfDNA and fetal fraction measured at 11-13 weeks were converted to multiples of the median (MoM), corrected for maternal characteristics and gestational age. The distributions of total cfDNA and fetal fraction at 20-24 weeks were expressed as MoM of values at 11-13 weeks. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to determine the significance of differences in the median values in each outcome group relative to that in the controls. RESULTS In the early-PE group at 11-13 weeks, compared with controls, there was a significant increase in median total cfDNA (2104 genome equivalents (GE)/mL vs 1590 GE/mL) and a decrease in median fetal fraction (6.8% vs 8.7%). In the late-PE group at 20-24 weeks, compared with controls, there was a significant decrease in median fetal fraction (8.2% vs 9.6%). These significant differences between groups were not observed when the values were converted to MoM. CONCLUSION Measurements of total cfDNA and fetal fraction in maternal plasma at 11-13 and 20-24 weeks are not predictive of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Rolnik
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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30
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Youssef RE, Ledingham MA, Bollapragada SS, O'Gorman N, Jordan F, Young A, Norman JE. The Role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR-2 and -4) and Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1) in Human Term and Preterm Labor. Reprod Sci 2009; 16:843-56. [PMID: 19564644 DOI: 10.1177/1933719109336621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shrikant S. Bollapragada
- Reproductive & Maternal Medicine, University of Glasgow, Third Floor, Queen Elizabeth Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
| | - Neil O'Gorman
- Reproductive & Maternal Medicine, University of Glasgow, Third Floor, Queen Elizabeth Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Jordan
- Reproductive & Maternal Medicine, University of Glasgow, Third Floor, Queen Elizabeth Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Young
- Reproductive & Maternal Medicine, University of Glasgow, Third Floor, Queen Elizabeth Building, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
| | - Jane E. Norman
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Biology, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Abuzakouk M, Barnes L, O'Gorman N, O'Grady A, Mohamed B, McKenna MJ, Freaney R, Feighery C. Dermatitis herpetiformis: no evidence of bone disease despite evidence of enteropathy. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:659-64. [PMID: 17253133 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The majority of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) have small intestinal enteropathy that may result in bone loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in DH and to examine whether dietary treatment or degree of the small intestinal lesion correlate with BMD. Twenty-five patients with DH (18 men) were investigated. Detailed dietary assessment and duodenal biopsies were performed on all patients before entry into the study. BMD at lumbar spine and femur was determined by DXA scan. Bone biomarkers, vitamin D, and parathyroid status were assessed. Twenty patients had enteropathy. None of the patients had hypovitaminosis D or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Resorption and formation markers were within normal limits. BMD Z-scores were not significantly different from expected (-0.38; CI, -0.84 to 0.07) and femur (0.46; CI, -0.06 to 0.97). There was no relationship between BMD Z-scores and the severity of the degree of enteropathy. We conclude that enteropathy of differing severity is present in 80% of patients with DH, but this is not associated with bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abuzakouk
- Department of Immunology, CPL, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, 8 Ireland.
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Abstract
AIM Macular pigment (MP) is composed of two hydroxycarotenoids contained within the photoreceptors and the axons of the central neurosensory retina, with peak concentrations in the Henle layer. A full thickness macular hole (FTMH) is characterised by absence of all retinal layers in an area centred at the former centre of the fovea. The authors report the results of a study designed to investigate MP levels in patients following successful FTMH surgery, using Raman spectroscopy, and to correlate these findings with functional and topographic outcomes. METHODS The following details were recorded for 12 eyes of 12 patients following successful closure of a FTMH: best corrected visual acuity; macula threshold test, fixation, fundus photography, and macular pigment levels using Raman spectroscopy. High resolution imaging of the retina using optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed in nine of the 12 study eyes. RESULTS Mean (SD) best corrected visual acuity was 0.6 (0.4) and improved significantly from preoperative levels. On macula threshold testing of the operated eye, a central scotoma was detectable in one eye only (8.3%). MP levels were demonstrable in 10 of the 12 study eyes following successful FTMH surgery. MP levels were higher in three study eyes, and lower in seven study eyes, when compared with the fellow eye. Of the three pairs of eyes where MP levels were greater in the study eye, macular pathology was present in two fellow eyes. CONCLUSIONS The presence of MP was confirmed in the neurosensory retina of an anatomically closed FTMH in 10 of 12 study eyes, although the levels were lower than the fellow normal macula in nine of 10 cases. This suggests a good degree of physiological recovery of photoreceptors and their axons following successful FTMH surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Neelam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Waterford Regional Hospital, and Waterford Institute of Technology, Dunmore Road, Waterford, Republic of Ireland.
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McCann M, Coyle B, Briody J, Bass F, O'Gorman N, Devereux M, Kavanagh K, McKee V. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of (Z)-3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-phenylpropenenitrile and its metal complexes: X-ray crystal structures of the Zn(II) and Ag(I) complexes. Polyhedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(03)00284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Barnes J, O'Gorman N. Anthropometrical features of delinquent boys. Ir Med J 1978; 71:15-8. [PMID: 624611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Barnes J, O'Gorman N. Some medical and social features of delinquent boys. Ir Med J 1978; 71:19-22. [PMID: 624612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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