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Montoya CA, Young W, Ryan L, Dunstan K, Peters J, Dewhurst H, Dekker J, Haggarty N, Dilger RN, Roy NC. The probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 influences the architecture and gene expression of small intestine tissue in a piglet model. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1289-1297. [PMID: 38053344 PMCID: PMC10950449 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 supplementation on the architecture and gene expression in small intestinal tissues of piglets used as an animal model for infant humans. Twenty-four 10-d-old entire male piglets (4·3 (sd 0·59) kg body weight) were fed an infant formula (IF) (control) or IF supplemented with 1·3 × 105 (low dose) or 7·9 × 106 (high dose) colony-forming units HN001 per ml of reconstituted formula (n 8 piglets/treatment). After 24 d, piglets were euthanised. Samples were collected to analyse the histology and gene expression (RNAseq and qPCR) in the jejunal and ileal tissues, blood cytokine concentrations, and blood and faecal calprotectin concentrations. HN001 consumption altered (false discovery rate < 0·05) gene expression (RNAseq) in jejunal tissues but not in ileal tissues. The number of ileal goblet cells and crypt surface area increased quadratically (P < 0·05) as dietary HN001 levels increased, but no increase was observed in the jejunal tissues. Similarly, blood plasma concentrations of IL-10 and calprotectin increased linearly (P < 0·05) as dietary HN001 levels increased. In conclusion, supplementation of IF with HN001 affected the architecture and gene expression of small intestine tissue, blood cytokine concentration and frequencies, and blood calprotectin concentrations, indicating that HN001 modulated small intestinal tissue maturation and immunity in the piglet model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Montoya
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North4474, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North4474, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Rd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Ryan
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Dunstan
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jason Peters
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Hilary Dewhurst
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Rd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Neill Haggarty
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Rd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ryan N. Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North4474, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Young W, Maclean P, Dunstan K, Ryan L, Peters J, Armstrong K, Anderson R, Dewhurst H, van Gendt M, Dilger RN, Dekker J, Haggarty N, Roy N. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 alters the microbiota composition in the cecum but not the feces in a piglet model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1002369. [PMID: 36386940 PMCID: PMC9650270 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1002369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain HN001 has been shown to have several beneficial health effects for both pediatric and maternal groups, including reduced risk of eczema in infants and gestational diabetes and postnatal depression in mothers. While L. rhamnosus HN001 appears to modify immune and gut barrier biomarkers, its mode of action remains to be fully elucidated. To gain insights into the role of HN001 on the infant microbiome, the impacts of L. rhamnosus HN001 supplementation was studied in 10-day old male piglets that were fed either infant formula, or infant formula with L. rhamnosus HN001 at a low (1.3 × 105 CFU/ml) or high dose (7.9 × 106 CFU/ml) daily for 24 days. The cecal and fecal microbial communities were assessed by shotgun metagenome sequencing and host gene expression in the cecum and colon tissue was assessed by RNA-seq. Piglet fecal samples showed only modest differences between controls and those receiving dietary L. rhamnosus HN001. However, striking differences between the three groups were observed for cecal samples. While total lactobacilli were significantly increased only in the high dose L. rhamnosus HN001 group, both high and low dose groups showed an up to twofold reduction across the Firmicutes phylum and up to fourfold increase in Prevotella compared to controls. Methanobrevibacter was also decreased in HN001 fed piglets. Microbial genes involved in carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism were among those that differed in relative abundance between those with and without L. rhamnosus HN001. Changes in the cecal microbiome were accompanied by increased expression of tight junction pathway genes and decreased autophagy pathway genes in the cecal tissue of piglets fed the higher dose of L. rhamnosus HN001. Our findings showed supplementation with L. rhamnosus HN001 caused substantial changes in the cecal microbiome with likely consequences for key microbial metabolic pathways. Host gene expression changes in the cecum support previous research showing L. rhamnosus HN001 beneficially impacts intestinal barrier function. We show that fecal samples may not adequately reflect microbiome composition higher in the gastrointestinal tract, with the implication that effects of probiotic consumption may be missed by examining only the fecal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Young
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Wayne Young,
| | - Paul Maclean
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Dunstan
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Ryan
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jason Peters
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Armstrong
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Anderson
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Hilary Dewhurst
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Ryan N. Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Neill Haggarty
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Roy
- AgResearch, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Anderson RC, MacGibbon AKH, Haggarty N, Armstrong KM, Roy NC. Bovine dairy complex lipids improve in vitro measures of small intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190839. [PMID: 29304106 PMCID: PMC5755888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate intestinal barrier maturation is essential for absorbing nutrients and preventing pathogens and toxins from entering the body. Compared to breast-fed infants, formula-fed infants are more susceptible to barrier dysfunction-associated illnesses. In infant formula dairy lipids are usually replaced with plant lipids. We hypothesised that dairy complex lipids improve in vitro intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. We tested milkfat high in conjugated linoleic acid, beta serum (SureStart™Lipid100), beta serum concentrate (BSC) and a ganglioside-rich fraction (G600). Using Caco-2 cells as a model of the human small intestinal epithelium, we analysed the effects of the ingredients on trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER), mannitol flux, and tight junction protein co-localisation. BSC induced a dose-dependent improvement in TEER across unchallenged cell layers, maintained the co-localisation of tight junction proteins in TNFα-challenged cells with increased permeability, and mitigated the TEER-reducing effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). G600 also increased TEER across healthy and LPS-challenged cells, but it did not alter the co-location of tight junction proteins in TNFα-challenged cells. SureStart™Lipid100 had similar TEER-increasing effects to BSC when added at twice the concentration (similar lipid concentration). Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to the development of infant formulas supplemented with dairy complex lipids that support infant intestinal barrier maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. Anderson
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Neill Haggarty
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kelly M. Armstrong
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Chan Y, Mcgill A, Kanwar R, Krissansen G, Haggarty N, Xin L, Poppitt S. Bovine Peptic Casein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Model of ApoE-deficient Mice but not Overweight, Mildly Hypercholesterolaemic Men. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.2.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Associations have been shown between consumption of bovine dairy and decreased prevalence of metabolic related disorders. Milk peptides may promote both angiotensin-I- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for blood pressure (BP) lowering and insulin action for better glycaemic control. Less is known of other metabolic parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dairy peptic casein hydrolysate (CH) on markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in (1) an apolipoproteinE (ApoE) - deficient mouse model of high-fat fed hypercholesterolaem- ia, and, (2) a clinical study of moderate overweight and hypercholesterolaemia. In Trial 1, ApoE-deficient mice were supplemented with high dose CH (~1g/kg body weight) in a randomised, 9-wk, parallel design intervention, and blood and tissue samples harvested. In Trial 2, 24 mildly hypercholesterolaemic men were supplemented with lower dose CH (~0.1g/kg body weight, 10g/day, 3-wks) and matched whey protein control (WP, 10g/day, 3-wks) in a randomised, 9-wk, cross-over design intervention. Diets were separated by a 3-wk washout. Fasting blood and urine samples were collected, and blood pressure (BP) measured weekly. Clinical trial registration number, ACTRN 12611001013954. In ApoE-deficient mice, administration of CH significantly inhibited circulating total cholesterol concentrations by 37% (TC, P<0.01) and decreased aorta atherosclerotic lesion score by 25% (P<0.01). In the clinical study there were no significant differential effects of CH supplementation on CV markers, including serum lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride), glucose and BP. Whilst high dose bovine peptic CH attenuated CVD risk in a murine ApoE deficient model of aggressive hypercholesterolaemia, no evidence of amelioration of risk by supplementation with a lower dose of CH in an overweight population of mildly hypercholesterolaemic men was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit and School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand; and Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Mcgill
- Human Nutrition Unit and School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R Kanwar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - G Krissansen
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - N Haggarty
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - L Xin
- Human Nutrition Unit and School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Kruger MC, Plimmer GG, Schollum LM, Haggarty N, Ram S, Palmano K. The effect of whey acidic protein fractions on bone loss in the ovariectomised rat. Br J Nutr 2007; 94:244-52. [PMID: 16115359 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bovine milk has been shown to contain bioactive components with bone-protective properties. Earlier studies on bovine milk whey protein showed that it suppressed bone resorption in the female ovariectomised rat. A new osteotropic component was subsequently identified in the whey basic protein fraction, but bone bioactivity may also be associated with other whey fractions. In the present study, we investigated whether acidic protein fractions isolated from bovine milk whey could prevent bone loss in mature ovariectomised female rats. Six-month-old female rats were ovariectomised (OVX) or left intact (sham). The OVX rats were randomised into four groups. One group remained the control (OVX), whereas three groups were fed various whey acidic protein fractions from milk whey as 3g/kg diet for 4 months. Outcomes were bone mineral density, bone biomechanics and markers of bone turnover. Bone mineral density of the femurs indicated that one of the whey AF over time caused a recovery of bone lost from OVX. Plasma C-telopeptide of type I collagen decreased significantly in all groups except OVX control over time, indicating an anti-resorptive effect of whey acidic protein. Biomechanical data showed that the AF may affect bone architecture as elasticity was increased by one of the whey AF. The femurs of AF-supplemented rats all showed an increase in organic matter. This is the first report of an acidic whey protein fraction isolated from milk whey that may support the recovery of bone loss in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena C Kruger
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Kruger M, Poulsen R, Schollum L, Haggarty N, Ram S, Palmano K. A comparison between acidic and basic protein fractions from whey or milk for reduction of bone loss in the ovariectomised rat. Int Dairy J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2005.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Davies C, McConnell M, Slobbe L, Haggarty N, Buchan G. Murine antigen-presenting cells are multifunctional in vitro biosensors for detecting the immunoactive potential of bovine milk products. J Nutr 2005; 135:2651-6. [PMID: 16251625 DOI: 10.1093/jn/135.11.2651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are multifunctional components of the immune defense system. In this study, murine APCs were used as biosensors to detect immunologically active components of bovine milk and colostrum. By measuring changes in cell surface protein markers [major histocompatibility complex II, cluster designation (CD)40, CD86] and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10) associated with APC activation, we identified a number of compounds that are immunoactive. The mouse macrophage cell line MH-S offered a simple and robust target for identification of immunoactives. The assay was shown to be adaptable for measuring immunoenhancing or immunosuppressive substances. Large-scale screening of milk extracts using this bioassay has the potential to identify substances that could be developed into nutraceuticals or pharmaceutical-grade immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Battersby J, Clark R, Hancock W, Puchulu-Campanella E, Haggarty N, Poll D, Harding D. Sustained release of recombinant human growth hormone from dextran via hydrolysis of an imine bond. J Control Release 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-3659(96)01370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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