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Triebner K, Bifulco E, Barrera-Gómez J, Basagaña X, Benediktsdóttir B, Forsberg B, Franklin KA, Garcia-Larsen V, Leynaert B, Lindberg E, Martínez-Moratalla J, Muniozguren-Agirre N, Pin I, Raherison C, Pereira-Vega A, Schlünssen V, Valentin A, Hustad S, Real FG, Dadvand P. Ultraviolet radiation as a predictor of sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women: A European multi-center study (ECRHS). Maturitas 2021; 145:49-55. [PMID: 33541562 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) affects the body through pathways that exhibit positive as well as negative health effects such as immunoregulation and vitamin D production. Different vitamin D metabolites are associated with higher or lower concentrations of estrogens and may thus alter the female sex hormone balance. OBJECTIVE To study whether exposure to UVR, as a modifiable lifestyle factor, is associated with levels of sex hormones (17β-estradiol, estrone, estrone 3-sulfate, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), gonadotropins (follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone) as well as sex hormone binding globulin in postmenopausal women, and thus investigate whether managing UVR exposure can influence the hormone balance, with potential benefits for the biological aging process. METHODS The study included 580 postmenopausal women from six European countries, participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (2010-2014). Average UVR exposure during the month before blood sampling was estimated based on personal sun behavior and ambient levels. Hormone concentrations were measured in serum using state-of-the-art methods. Subsequently we applied linear mixed-effects models, including center as random intercept, hormone concentrations (one at a time) as outcome and UVR, age, skin type, body mass index, vitamin D from dietary sources, smoking, age at completed full-time education and season of blood sampling as fixed-effect predictors. RESULTS One interquartile range increase in UVR exposure was associated with decreased levels of 17β-estradiol (-15.6 pmol/L, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI): -27.69, -3.51) and estrone (-13.36 pmol/L, 95 % CI: -26.04, -0.68) and increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone (9.34IU/L, 95 % CI: 2.91, 15.77) and luteinizing hormone (13.86 IU/daL, 95 % CI: 2.48, 25.25). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to UVR is associated with decreased estrogens and increased gonadotropins in postmenopausal women, a status associated with osteoporosis, lung function decline and other adverse health effects. This study indicates that managing UVR exposure has potential to influence the hormone balance and counteract adverse health conditions after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Triebner
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Core Facility for Metabolomics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ersilia Bifulco
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Core Facility for Metabolomics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jose Barrera-Gómez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Bertil Forsberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karl A Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Garcia-Larsen
- Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Team of Epidemiology, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research UMR1152, Paris, France
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jesús Martínez-Moratalla
- Pulmonology Service, Albacete University Hospital Complex, Health Service of Castilla - La Mancha. Albacete, Spain; Faculty of Medicine of Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Isabelle Pin
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France; University Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Chantal Raherison
- U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research, Bordeaux University, 146 Rue Leo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antonio Pereira-Vega
- Service of Pneumology and Allergy, University Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonia Valentin
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Steinar Hustad
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Core Facility for Metabolomics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Francisco Gómez Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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Triebner K, Hustad S, Barrera J, Basagana X, Benediktsdóttir B, Dharmage S, Franklin K, Garcia-Larsen V, Gullon-Blanco J, Jarvis D, Jogi R, Leynaert B, Lindberg E, Moratalla J, Muniozguren-Agirre N, Pin I, Raherison C, Sanchez-Ramos JL, Schlünssen V, Gomez Real F, Dadvand P. Late Breaking Abstract - Ultraviolet radiation and lung function in aging women: A European multi-centre study (ECRHS). Epidemiology 2019. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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