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Elfiky AMI, Hageman IL, Becker MAJ, Verhoeff J, Li Yim AYF, Joustra VW, Mulders L, Fung I, Rioja I, Prinjha RK, Smithers NN, Furze RC, Mander PK, Bell MJ, Buskens CJ, D’Haens GR, Wildenberg ME, de Jonge WJ. A BET Protein Inhibitor Targeting Mononuclear Myeloid Cells Affects Specific Inflammatory Mediators and Pathways in Crohn’s Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182846. [PMID: 36139421 PMCID: PMC9497176 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myeloid cells are critical determinants of the sustained inflammation in Crohn’s Disease (CD). Targeting such cells may be an effective therapeutic approach for refractory CD patients. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein inhibitors (iBET) are potent anti-inflammatory agents; however, they also possess wide-ranging toxicities. In the current study, we make use of a BET inhibitor containing an esterase sensitive motif (ESM-iBET), which is cleaved by carboxylesterase-1 (CES1), a highly expressed esterase in mononuclear myeloid cells. Methods: We profiled CES1 protein expression in the intestinal biopsies, peripheral blood, and CD fistula tract (fCD) cells of CD patients using mass cytometry. The anti-inflammatory effect of ESM-iBET or its control (iBET) were evaluated in healthy donor CD14+ monocytes and fCD cells, using cytometric beads assay or RNA-sequencing. Results: CES1 was specifically expressed in monocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cell populations in the intestinal tissue, peripheral blood, and fCD cells of CD patients. ESM-iBET inhibited IL1β, IL6, and TNFα secretion from healthy donor CD14+ monocytes and fCD immune cells, with 10- to 26-fold more potency over iBET in isolated CD14+ monocytes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ESM-iBET inhibited multiple inflammatory pathways, including TNF, JAK-STAT, NF-kB, NOD2, and AKT signaling, with superior potency over iBET. Conclusions: We demonstrate specific CES1 expression in mononuclear myeloid cell subsets in peripheral blood and inflamed tissues of CD patients. We report that low dose ESM-iBET accumulates in CES1-expressing cells and exerts robust anti-inflammatory effects, which could be beneficial in refractory CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. I. Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Ishtu L. Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marte A. J. Becker
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Free University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Y. F. Li Yim
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. Joustra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieven Mulders
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Fung
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | | | - Rebecca C. Furze
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Palwinder K. Mander
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Matthew J. Bell
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2FX, UK
| | - Christianne J. Buskens
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert R. D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon E. Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal and Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31205668163 or +31625387973
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Mirguet O, Gosmini R, Toum J, Clément CA, Barnathan M, Brusq JM, Mordaunt JE, Grimes RM, Crowe M, Pineau O, Ajakane M, Daugan A, Jeffrey P, Cutler L, Haynes AC, Smithers NN, Chung CW, Bamborough P, Uings IJ, Lewis A, Witherington J, Parr N, Prinjha RK, Nicodème E. Discovery of epigenetic regulator I-BET762: lead optimization to afford a clinical candidate inhibitor of the BET bromodomains. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7501-15. [PMID: 24015967 DOI: 10.1021/jm401088k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bromo and extra C-terminal domain (BET) family of bromodomains are involved in binding epigenetic marks on histone proteins, more specifically acetylated lysine residues. This paper describes the discovery and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of potent benzodiazepine inhibitors that disrupt the function of the BET family of bromodomains (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4). This work has yielded a potent, selective compound I-BET762 that is now under evaluation in a phase I/II clinical trial for nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Mirguet
- Centre de Recherches François Hyafil, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , 25 Avenue du Québec, 91140 Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
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