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Scaltsoyiannes V, Corre N, Waltz F, Giegé P. Types and Functions of Mitoribosome-Specific Ribosomal Proteins across Eukaryotes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073474. [PMID: 35408834 PMCID: PMC8998825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles that combine features inherited from their bacterial endosymbiotic ancestor with traits that arose during eukaryote evolution. These energy producing organelles have retained a genome and fully functional gene expression machineries including specific ribosomes. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have enabled the characterization of a fast-growing number of the low abundant membrane-bound mitochondrial ribosomes. Surprisingly, mitoribosomes were found to be extremely diverse both in terms of structure and composition. Still, all of them drastically increased their number of ribosomal proteins. Interestingly, among the more than 130 novel ribosomal proteins identified to date in mitochondria, most of them are composed of a-helices. Many of them belong to the nuclear encoded super family of helical repeat proteins. Here we review the diversity of functions and the mode of action held by the novel mitoribosome proteins and discuss why these proteins that share similar helical folds were independently recruited by mitoribosomes during evolution in independent eukaryote clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Scaltsoyiannes
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France; (V.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Corre
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France; (V.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Florent Waltz
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France; (V.S.); (N.C.)
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (P.G.); Tel.: +33-3-6715-5363 (P.G.); Fax: +33-3-8861-4442 (P.G.)
| | - Philippe Giegé
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France; (V.S.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (P.G.); Tel.: +33-3-6715-5363 (P.G.); Fax: +33-3-8861-4442 (P.G.)
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Kitto RZ, Dhillon Y, Bevington J, Horne M, Giegé P, Drouard L, Heintz D, Villette C, Corre N, Arrivé M, Manefield MJ, Bowman R, Favier JJ, Osborne B, Welch C, McKay CP, Hammond MC. Synthetic biological circuit tested in spaceflight. Life Sci Space Res (Amst) 2021; 28:57-65. [PMID: 33612180 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology has potential spaceflight applications yet few if any studies have attempted to translate Earth-based synthetic biology tools into spaceflight. An exogenously inducible biological circuit for protein production in Arabidopsis thaliana, pX7-AtPDSi (Guo et al. 2003), was flown to ISS and functionally investigated. Seedlings were grown in a custom built 1.25 U plant greenhouse. Images recorded during the experiment show that leaves of pX7-AtPDSi seedlings photobleached as designed while wild type Col-0 leaves did not, which reveals that the synthetic circuit led to protein production during spaceflight. Polymerase chain reaction analysis post-flight also confirms that the Cre/LoxP (recombination system) portions of the circuit were functional in spaceflight. The subcomponents of the biological circuit, estrogen-responsive transcription factor XVE, Cre/LoxP DNA recombination system, and RNAi post-transcriptional gene silencing system now have flight heritage and can be incorporated in future designs for space applications. To facilitate future plant studies in space, the full payload design and manufacturing files are made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Z Kitto
- Department of Chemistry, and Henry Eyring Center for Cell and Genome Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - James Bevington
- International Space University, Strasbourg, France; School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mera Horne
- Space Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Giegé
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Drouard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dimitri Heintz
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Villette
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Corre
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathilde Arrivé
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael J Manefield
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Bowman
- Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chris Welch
- International Space University, Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Ming C Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, and Henry Eyring Center for Cell and Genome Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Waltz F, Corre N, Hashem Y, Giegé P. Specificities of the plant mitochondrial translation apparatus. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:30-37. [PMID: 32334144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are endosymbiotic organelles responsible for energy production in most eukaryotic cells. They host a genome and a fully functional gene expression machinery. In plants this machinery involves hundreds of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. Translation, the final step of mitochondrial gene expression is performed by mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The nature of these molecular machines remained elusive for a very long time. Because of their bacterial origin, it was expected that mitoribosomes would closely resemble bacterial ribosomes. However, recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have revealed the extraordinary diversity of mitoribosome structure and composition. The plant mitoribosome was characterized for Arabidopsis. In plants, in contrast to other species such as mammals and kinetoplastids where rRNA has been largely reduced, the mitoribosome could be described as a protein/RNA-augmented bacterial ribosome. It has an oversized small subunit formed by expanded ribosomal RNAs and additional protein components when compared to bacterial ribosomes. The same holds true for the large subunit. The small subunit is characterized by a new elongated domain on the head. Among its additional proteins, several PPR proteins are core mitoribosome proteins. They mainly act at the structural level to stabilize and maintain the plant-specific ribosomal RNA expansions but could also be involved in translation initiation. Recent advances in plant mitoribosome composition and structure, its specialization for membrane protein synthesis, translation initiation, the regulation and dynamics of mitochondrial translation are reviewed here and put in perspective with the diversity of mitochondrial translation processes in the green lineage and in the wider context of eukaryote evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Waltz
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, U1212 Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue R. Escarpit, F 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nicolas Corre
- Institut de biologie de moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du général Zimmer, F 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yaser Hashem
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, U1212 Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue R. Escarpit, F 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Giegé
- Institut de biologie de moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du général Zimmer, F 67084 Strasbourg, France.
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