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Lathouwers E, Radwan A, Blommaert J, Stas L, Tassignon B, Allard SD, De Ridder F, De Waele E, Hoornaert N, Lacor P, Mertens R, Naeyaert M, Raeymaekers H, Seyler L, Vanbinst AM, Van Liedekerke L, Van Schependom J, Van Schuerbeek P, Provyn S, Roelands B, Vandekerckhove M, Meeusen R, Sunaert S, Nagels G, De Mey J, De Pauw K. Author Correction: A cross-sectional case-control study on the structural connectome in recovered hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19012. [PMID: 37923789 PMCID: PMC10624892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Lathouwers
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Radwan
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI , KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Lara Stas
- Core Facility‑Support for Quantitative and Qualitative Research (SQUARE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Tassignon
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine D Allard
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Filip De Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nicole Hoornaert
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Patrick Lacor
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Rembert Mertens
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Maarten Naeyaert
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Raeymaekers
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucie Seyler
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Vanbinst
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lien Van Liedekerke
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Van Schependom
- Department of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Artifcial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Steven Provyn
- Department of Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Roelands
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Vandekerckhove
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Arts and Philosophy, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Romain Meeusen
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human‑Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI , KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Nagels
- Artifcial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan De Mey
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin De Pauw
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human‑Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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Lathouwers E, Radwan A, Blommaert J, Stas L, Tassignon B, Allard SD, De Ridder F, De Waele E, Hoornaert N, Lacor P, Mertens R, Naeyaert M, Raeymaekers H, Seyler L, Vanbinst AM, Van Liedekerke L, Van Schependom J, Van Schuerbeek P, Provyn S, Roelands B, Vandekerckhove M, Meeusen R, Sunaert S, Nagels G, De Mey J, De Pauw K. A cross-sectional case-control study on the structural connectome in recovered hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15668. [PMID: 37735584 PMCID: PMC10514277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 can induce neurological sequelae, negatively affecting the quality of life. Unravelling this illness's impact on structural brain connectivity, white-matter microstructure (WMM), and cognitive performance may help elucidate its implications. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate differences in these factors between former hospitalised COVID-19 patients (COV) and healthy controls. Group differences in structural brain connectivity were explored using Welch-two sample t-tests and two-sample Mann-Whitney U tests. Multivariate linear models were constructed (one per region) to examine fixel-based group differences. Differences in cognitive performance between groups were investigated using Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests. Possible effects of bundle-specific FD measures on cognitive performance were explored using a two-group path model. No differences in whole-brain structural organisation were found. Bundle-specific metrics showed reduced fiber density (p = 0.012, Hedges' g = 0.884) and fiber density cross-section (p = 0.007, Hedges' g = 0.945) in the motor segment of the corpus callosum in COV compared to healthy controls. Cognitive performance on the motor praxis and digit symbol substitution tests was worse in COV than healthy controls (p < 0.001, r = 0.688; p = 0.013, r = 422, respectively). Associations between the cognitive performance and bundle-specific FD measures differed significantly between groups. WMM and cognitive performance differences were observed between COV and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Lathouwers
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Radwan
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Lara Stas
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Core Facility-Support for Quantitative and Qualitative Research (SQUARE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Tassignon
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine D Allard
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Filip De Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nicole Hoornaert
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Patrick Lacor
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Rembert Mertens
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Maarten Naeyaert
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Raeymaekers
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucie Seyler
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Vanbinst
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lien Van Liedekerke
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Van Schependom
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Steven Provyn
- Department of Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Roelands
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Vandekerckhove
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Arts and Philosophy, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Romain Meeusen
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human-Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Nagels
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan De Mey
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin De Pauw
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human-Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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Tassignon B, Radwan A, Blommaert J, Stas L, Allard SD, De Ridder F, De Waele E, Bulnes LC, Hoornaert N, Lacor P, Lathouwers E, Mertens R, Naeyaert M, Raeymaekers H, Seyler L, Van Binst AM, Van Imschoot L, Van Liedekerke L, Van Schependom J, Van Schuerbeek P, Vandekerckhove M, Meeusen R, Sunaert S, Nagels G, De Mey J, De Pauw K. Longitudinal changes in global structural brain connectivity and cognitive performance in former hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: an exploratory study. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:727-741. [PMID: 36708380 PMCID: PMC9883830 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term sequelae of COVID-19 can result in reduced functionality of the central nervous system and substandard quality of life. Gaining insight into the recovery trajectory of admitted COVID-19 patients on their cognitive performance and global structural brain connectivity may allow a better understanding of the diseases' relevance. OBJECTIVES To assess whole-brain structural connectivity in former non-intensive-care unit (ICU)- and ICU-admitted COVID-19 survivors over 2 months following hospital discharge and correlate structural connectivity measures to cognitive performance. METHODS Participants underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging brain scans and a cognitive test battery after hospital discharge to evaluate structural connectivity and cognitive performance. Multilevel models were constructed for each graph measure and cognitive test, assessing the groups' influence, time since discharge, and interactions. Linear regression models estimated whether the graph measurements affected cognitive measures and whether they differed between ICU and non-ICU patients. RESULTS Six former ICU and six non-ICU patients completed the study. Across the various graph measures, the characteristic path length decreased over time (β = 0.97, p = 0.006). We detected no group-level effects (β = 1.07, p = 0.442) nor interaction effects (β = 1.02, p = 0.220). Cognitive performance improved for both non-ICU and ICU COVID-19 survivors on four out of seven cognitive tests 2 months later (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Adverse effects of COVID-19 on brain functioning and structure abate over time. These results should be supported by future research including larger sample sizes, matched control groups of healthy non-infected individuals, and more extended follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tassignon
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Radwan
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Blommaert
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Stas
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Interfaculty Center for Data Processing and Statistics, Core Facility Statistics and Methodology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S D Allard
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - F De Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - E De Waele
- Intensive Care Unit, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - L C Bulnes
- Brain, Body and Cognition Research Group, Faculty of Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Hoornaert
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - P Lacor
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - E Lathouwers
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Mertens
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - M Naeyaert
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - H Raeymaekers
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - L Seyler
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - A M Van Binst
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - L Van Imschoot
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - L Van Liedekerke
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - J Van Schependom
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Van Schuerbeek
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - M Vandekerckhove
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - R Meeusen
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human-Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Sunaert
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Nagels
- Artificial Intelligence and Modelling in Clinical Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J De Mey
- Department of Radiology and Magnetic Resonance, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - K De Pauw
- Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- BruBotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
- Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: The Added Value of Human-Centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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