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Müller-Calleja N, Grunz K, Nguyen TS, Posma J, Pedrosa D, Meineck M, Hollerbach A, Braun J, Muth S, Schild H, Saar K, Hübner N, Krishnaswamy S, Royce J, Teyton L, Lemmermann N, Weinmann-Menke J, Lackner KJ, Ruf W. Targeting the tissue factor coagulation initiation complex prevents antiphospholipid antibody development. Blood 2024; 143:1167-1180. [PMID: 38142429 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in primary or secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are a major cause for acquired thrombophilia, but specific interventions preventing autoimmune aPL development are an unmet clinical need. Although autoimmune aPL cross react with various coagulation regulatory proteins, lipid-reactive aPL, including those derived from patients with COVID-19, recognize the endolysosomal phospholipid lysobisphosphatidic acid presented by the cell surface-expressed endothelial protein C receptor. This specific recognition leads to complement-mediated activation of tissue factor (TF)-dependent proinflammatory signaling and thrombosis. Here, we show that specific inhibition of the TF coagulation initiation complex with nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (NAPc2) prevents the prothrombotic effects of aPL derived from patients with COVID-19 in mice and the aPL-induced proinflammatory and prothrombotic activation of monocytes. The induction of experimental APS is dependent on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex, and NAPc2 suppresses monocyte endosomal reactive oxygen species production requiring the TF cytoplasmic domain and interferon-α secretion from dendritic cells. Latent infection with murine cytomegalovirus causes TF cytoplasmic domain-dependent development of persistent aPL and circulating phospholipid-reactive B1 cells, which is prevented by short-term intervention with NAPc2 during acute viral infection. In addition, treatment of lupus prone MRL-lpr mice with NAPc2, but not with heparin, suppresses dendritic-cell activation in the spleen, aPL production and circulating phospholipid-reactive B1 cells, and attenuates lupus pathology. These data demonstrate a convergent TF-dependent mechanism of aPL development in latent viral infection and autoimmune disease and provide initial evidence that specific targeting of the TF initiation complex has therapeutic benefits beyond currently used clinical anticoagulant strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Müller-Calleja
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Grunz
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Son Nguyen
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Posma
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Denise Pedrosa
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Myriam Meineck
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne Hollerbach
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Braun
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Muth
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sriram Krishnaswamy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jennifer Royce
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - Luc Teyton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - Niels Lemmermann
- Institute for Virology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Krenzlin H, Zdioruk M, Nowicki MO, Finkelberg T, Keric N, Lemmermann N, Skubal M, Chiocca EA, Cook CH, Lawler SE. Cytomegalovirus infection of glioblastoma cells leads to NF-κB dependent upregulation of the c-MET oncogenic tyrosine kinase. Cancer Lett 2021; 513:26-35. [PMID: 33989707 PMCID: PMC8209659 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is widespread in humans and has been implicated in glioblastoma (GBM) and other tumors. However, the role of CMV in GBM remains poorly understood and the mechanisms involved are not well-defined. The goal of this study was to identify candidate pathways relevant to GBM that may be modulated by CMV. Analysis of RNAseq data after CMV infection of patient-derived GBM cells showed significant upregulation of GBM-associated transcripts including the MET oncogene, which is known to play a role in a subset of GBM patients. These findings were validated in vitro in both mouse and human GBM cells. Using immunostaining and RT-PCR in vivo, we confirmed c-MET upregulation in a mouse model of CMV-driven GBM progression and in human GBM. siRNA knockdown showed that MET upregulation was dependent on CMV-induced upregulation of NF-κB signaling. Finally, proneural GBM xenografts overexpressing c-MET grew much faster in vivo than controls, suggesting a mechanism by which CMV infection of tumor cells could induce a more aggressive mesenchymal phenotype. These studies implicate the CMV-induced upregulation of c-MET as a potential mechanism involved in the effects of CMV on GBM growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Krenzlin
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mainz, Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mykola Zdioruk
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michal O Nowicki
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomer Finkelberg
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naureen Keric
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mainz, Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Niels Lemmermann
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Mainz, Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena Skubal
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles H Cook
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sean E Lawler
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Abstract
Efficient resolution of acute cytopathogenic cytomegalovirus infection through innate and adaptive host immune mechanisms is followed by lifelong maintenance of the viral genome in host tissues in a state of replicative latency, which is interrupted by episodes of virus reactivation for transmission. The establishment of latency is the result of aeons of co-evolution of cytomegaloviruses and their respective host species. Genetic adaptation of a particular cytomegalovirus to its specific host is reflected by private gene families not found in other members of the cytomegalovirus group, whereas basic functions of the viral replicative cycle are encoded by public gene families shared between different cytomegaloviruses or even with herpesviruses in general. Private genes include genes coding for immunoevasins, a group of glycoproteins specifically dedicated to dampen recognition by the host's innate and adaptive immune surveillance to protect the virus against elimination. Recent data in the mouse model of cytomegalovirus latency have indicated that viral replicative latency established in the immunocompetent host is a dynamic state characterized by episodes of viral gene desilencing and immune sensing of reactivated presentation of antigenic peptides at immunological checkpoints by CD8 T cells. This sensing maintains viral replicative latency by triggering antiviral effector functions that terminate the viral gene expression program before infectious viral progeny are assembled. According to the immune sensing hypothesis of latency control, immunological checkpoints are unique for each infected individual in reflection of host MHC (HLA) polymorphism and the proteome(s) of the viral variant(s) harbored in latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Reddehase
- Institute for Virology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, Hochhaus am Augustusplatz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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