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Jain A, Bhoyar RC, Pandhare K, Mishra A, Sharma D, Imran M, Senthivel V, Divakar MK, Rophina M, Jolly B, Batra A, Sharma S, Siwach S, Jadhao AG, Palande NV, Jha GN, Ashrafi N, Mishra PK, A K V, Jain S, Dash D, Kumar NS, Vanlallawma A, Sarma RJ, Chhakchhuak L, Kalyanaraman S, Mahadevan R, Kandasamy S, B M P, Rajagopal RE, Ramya J E, Devi P N, Bajaj A, Gupta V, Mathew S, Goswami S, Mangla M, Prakash S, Joshi K, Meyakumla, S S, Gajjar D, Soraisham R, Yadav R, Devi YS, Gupta A, Mukerji M, Ramalingam S, B K B, Scaria V, Sivasubbu S. Genetic epidemiology of autoinflammatory disease variants in Indian population from 1029 whole genomes. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:183. [PMID: 34905135 PMCID: PMC8671593 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Autoinflammatory disorders are the group of inherited inflammatory disorders caused due to the genetic defect in the genes that regulates innate immune systems. These have been clinically characterized based on the duration and occurrence of unprovoked fever, skin rash, and patient’s ancestry. There are several autoinflammatory disorders that are found to be prevalent in a specific population and whose disease genetic epidemiology within the population has been well understood. However, India has a limited number of genetic studies reported for autoinflammatory disorders till date. The whole genome sequencing and analysis of 1029 Indian individuals performed under the IndiGen project persuaded us to perform the genetic epidemiology of the autoinflammatory disorders in India. Results We have systematically annotated the genetic variants of 56 genes implicated in autoinflammatory disorder. These genetic variants were reclassified into five categories (i.e., pathogenic, likely pathogenic, benign, likely benign, and variant of uncertain significance (VUS)) according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Association of Molecular pathology (ACMG-AMP) guidelines. Our analysis revealed 20 pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants with significant differences in the allele frequency compared with the global population. We also found six causal founder variants in the IndiGen dataset belonging to different ancestry. We have performed haplotype prediction analysis for founder mutations haplotype that reveals the admixture of the South Asian population with other populations. The cumulative carrier frequency of the autoinflammatory disorder in India was found to be 3.5% which is much higher than reported. Conclusion With such frequency in the Indian population, there is a great need for awareness among clinicians as well as the general public regarding the autoinflammatory disorder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and most comprehensive population scale genetic epidemiological study being reported from India. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-021-00268-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Jain
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Rahul C Bhoyar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kavita Pandhare
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Anushree Mishra
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Disha Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohamed Imran
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vigneshwar Senthivel
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Divakar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mercy Rophina
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Bani Jolly
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Arushi Batra
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sanjay Siwach
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Arun G Jadhao
- Department of Zoology, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Nikhil V Palande
- Department of Zoology, Shri Mathuradas Mohota College of Science, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440009, India
| | - Ganga Nath Jha
- Department of Anthropology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Nishat Ashrafi
- Department of Anthropology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Vidhya A K
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Kongu Science and Art College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638107, India
| | - Suman Jain
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Society, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500052, India
| | - Debasis Dash
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | | | - Andrew Vanlallawma
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Ranjan Jyoti Sarma
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | | | | | - Radha Mahadevan
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Sunitha Kandasamy
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Pabitha B M
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | | | - Ezhil Ramya J
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Nirmala Devi P
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Anjali Bajaj
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vishu Gupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Samatha Mathew
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sangam Goswami
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mohit Mangla
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Savinitha Prakash
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kandarp Joshi
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Meyakumla
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sreedevi S
- Department of Microbiology, St.Pious X Degree & PG College for Women, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500076, India
| | - Devarshi Gajjar
- Department of Microbiology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Ronibala Soraisham
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, 795004, India
| | - Rohit Yadav
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Yumnam Silla Devi
- CSIR- North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Aayush Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India
| | - Mitali Mukerji
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sivaprakash Ramalingam
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Binukumar B K
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110025, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Sahana S, Sivadas A, Mangla M, Jain A, Bhoyar RC, Pandhare K, Mishra A, Sharma D, Imran M, Senthivel V, Divakar MK, Rophina M, Jolly B, Batra A, Sharma S, Siwach S, Jadhao AG, Palande NV, Jha GN, Ashrafi N, Mishra PK, Vidhya AK, Jain S, Dash D, Kumar NS, Vanlallawma A, Sarma RJ, Chhakchhuak L, Kalyanaraman S, Mahadevan R, Kandasamy S, Devi P, Rajagopal RE, Ramya JE, Devi PN, Bajaj A, Gupta V, Mathew S, Goswami S, Prakash S, Joshi K, Kumla M, Sreedevi S, Gajjar D, Soraisham R, Yadav R, Devi YS, Gupta A, Mukerji M, Ramalingam S, Binukumar BK, Sivasubbu S, Scaria V. Pharmacogenomic landscape of COVID-19 therapies from Indian population genomes. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:603-618. [PMID: 34142560 PMCID: PMC8216321 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Numerous drugs are being widely prescribed for COVID-19 treatment without any direct evidence for the drug safety/efficacy in patients across diverse ethnic populations. Materials & methods: We analyzed whole genomes of 1029 Indian individuals (IndiGen) to understand the extent of drug–gene (pharmacogenetic), drug–drug and drug–drug–gene interactions associated with COVID-19 therapy in the Indian population. Results: We identified 30 clinically significant pharmacogenetic variants and 73 predicted deleterious pharmacogenetic variants. COVID-19-associated pharmacogenes were substantially overlapped with those of metabolic disorder therapeutics. CYP3A4, ABCB1 and ALB are the most shared pharmacogenes. Fifteen COVID-19 therapeutics were predicted as likely drug–drug interaction candidates when used with four CYP inhibitor drugs. Conclusion: Our findings provide actionable insights for future validation studies and improved clinical decisions for COVID-19 therapy in Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sahana
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ambily Sivadas
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohit Mangla
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Abhinav Jain
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Rahul C Bhoyar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kavita Pandhare
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Anushree Mishra
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Disha Sharma
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohamed Imran
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vigneshwar Senthivel
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Divakar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mercy Rophina
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Bani Jolly
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Arushi Batra
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sanjay Siwach
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Arun G Jadhao
- Department of Zoology, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Nikhil V Palande
- Department of Zoology, Shri Mathuradas Mohota College of Science, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440009, India
| | - Ganga Nath Jha
- Department of Anthropology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Nishat Ashrafi
- Department of Anthropology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825301, India
| | - A K Vidhya
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Kongu Science & Art College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638107, India
| | - Suman Jain
- Thalassemia & Sickle cell Society, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500052, India
| | - Debasis Dash
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | | | - Andrew Vanlallawma
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Ranjan Jyoti Sarma
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | | | | | - Radha Mahadevan
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Sunitha Kandasamy
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Pabitha Devi
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | | | - J Ezhil Ramya
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - P Nirmala Devi
- TVMC, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011, India
| | - Anjali Bajaj
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vishu Gupta
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Samatha Mathew
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sangam Goswami
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Savinitha Prakash
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kandarp Joshi
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Meya Kumla
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - S Sreedevi
- Department of Microbiology, St. Pious X Degree & PG College for Women, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500076, India
| | - Devarshi Gajjar
- Department of Microbiology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Ronibala Soraisham
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, 795004, India
| | - Rohit Yadav
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Yumnam Silla Devi
- CSIR- North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Aayush Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India
| | - Mitali Mukerji
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sivaprakash Ramalingam
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - B K Binukumar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- CSIR Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
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